Humanitext Reader

Aeschylus · Agamemnon §236-325

The Fall of Troy and the Relay of the Beacons

Passage 3 of 17 · Greek

Summary

After the chorus concludes their narration of Iphigenia's sacrifice and Calchas's inevitable prophecy, Clytemnestra appears to announce the fall of Troy, describing in detail the sequence of beacons that transmitted the victory message from Mount Ida.

§236δην, στόματός τε καλλιπρῴρου φυλακᾷ κατασχεῖν §237φθόγγον ἀραῖον οἴκοις, §238βίᾳ χαλινῶν τ᾽ ἀναύδῳ μένει.
-tly, and by guarding her beautiful mouth to restrain a voice cursed to the house, with the violence and voiceless power of gags.
§239κρόκου βαφὰς δ᾽ ἐς πέδον χέουσα §240ἔβαλλ᾽ ἕκαστον θυτή- §241ρων ἀπ᾽ ὄμματος βέλει φιλοίκτῳ, §242πρέπουσά θ᾽ ὡς ἐν γραφαῖς, προσεννέπειν §243θέλουσ᾽, ἐπεὶ πολλάκις §244πατρὸς κατ᾽ ἀνδρῶνας εὐτραπέζους §245ἔμελψεν, ἁγνᾷ δ᾽ ἀταύρωτος αὐδᾷ πατρὸς §246φίλου τριτόσπονδον εὔποτμον §247παιᾶνα φίλως ἐτίμα.
And shedding her saffron-dyed robes to the ground, she cast at each of the sacrificers a pity-seeking arrow from her eye, standing out as if in a painting, wishing to speak; since often in her father's hospitable halls she had sung, and, a pure virgin, with holy voice, her dear father's thrice-poured libation-hymn she lovingly honored with a paean.
§248τὰ δ᾽ ἔνθεν οὔτ᾽ εἶδον οὔτ᾽ ἐννέπω: §249τέχναι δὲ Κάλχαντος οὐκ ἄκραντοι.
But what happened next I neither saw nor do I tell; yet the arts of Calchas are not unfulfilled.
§250Δίκα δὲ τοῖς μὲν παθοῦ- §251σιν μαθεῖν ἐπιρρέπει: τὸ μέλλον <δ᾽> §252ἐπεὶ γένοιτ᾽ ἂν κλύοις: πρὸ χαιρέτω: §253ἴσον δὲ τῷ προστένειν.
Justice weighs out learning to those who have suffered; as for the future, you may hear of it when it happens; let it be bidden farewell beforehand; for it is equal to grieving beforehand.
§254τορὸν γὰρ ἥξει σύνορθρον αὐγαῖς.
For it will come clearly, dawning with the morning rays.
§255πέλοιτο δ᾽ οὖν τἀπὶ τούτοισιν εὖ πρᾶξις, ὡς §256θέλει τόδ᾽ ἄγχιστον Ἀπίας §257γαίας μονόφρουρον ἕρκος.
May all that follows turn out well, as is wished by this closest, sole guardian bulwark of the Apian land.
§258ἥκω σεβίζων σόν, Κλυταιμήστρα, κράτος: §259δίκη γάρ ἐστι φωτὸς ἀρχηγοῦ τίειν §260γυναῖκ᾽ ἐρημωθέντος ἄρσενος θρόνου.
I have come, Clytemnestra, showing reverence to your power; for it is right to honor the wife of a leading man when the male throne has been left empty.
§261σὺ δ᾽ εἴ τι κεδνὸν εἴτε μὴ πεπυσμένη §262εὐαγγέλοισιν ἐλπίσιν θυηπολεῖς, §263κλύοιμ᾽ ἂν εὔφρων: οὐδὲ σιγώσῃ φθόνος.
Whether you have learned something good, or whether having heard nothing you are offering sacrifice with hopes of good tidings, I would gladly hear; yet if you remain silent, there is no ill-will.
§264εὐάγγελος μέν, ὥσπερ ἡ παροιμία, §265ἕως γένοιτο μητρὸς εὐφρόνης πάρα.
Clytemnestra: With good tidings, as the proverb says, may dawn come from its mother Night.
§266πεύσει δὲ χάρμα μεῖζον ἐλπίδος κλύειν: §267Πριάμου γὰρ ᾑρήκασιν Ἀργεῖοι πόλιν.
You shall learn a joy greater than hope to hear: for the Argives have taken the city of Priam.
§268πῶς φῄς;
Chorus: How say you?
πέφευγε τοὔπος ἐξ ἀπιστίας.
Your word has escaped me through disbelief.
§269Τροίαν Ἀχαιῶν οὖσαν: ἦ τορῶς λέγω;
Clytemnestra: That Troy is in the hands of the Achaeans. Do I speak clearly?
§270χαρά μ᾽ ὑφέρπει δάκρυον ἐκκαλουμένη.
Chorus: Joy steals over me, calling forth a tear.
§271εὖ γὰρ φρονοῦντος ὄμμα σοῦ κατηγορεῖ.
Clytemnestra: Yes, for your eye reveals your loyalty.
§272τί γὰρ τὸ πιστόν;
Chorus: What is the proof?
ἔστι τῶνδέ σοι τέκμαρ;
Have you some token of these things?
§273ἔστιν: τί δ᾽ οὐχί;
Clytemnestra: There is; how could there not be?
μὴ δολώσαντος θεοῦ.
Unless a god has deceived me.
§274πότερα δ᾽ ὀνείρων φάσματ᾽ εὐπιθῆ σέβεις;
Chorus: Do you then revere the easily believed visions of dreams?
§275οὐ δόξαν ἂν λάβοιμι βριζούσης φρενός.
Clytemnestra: I would not accept the mere opinion of a slumbering mind.
§276ἀλλ᾽ ἦ σ᾽ ἐπίανέν τις ἄπτερος φάτις;
Chorus: But has some wingless rumor puffed you up?
§277παιδὸς νέας ὣς κάρτ᾽ ἐμωμήσω φρένας.
Clytemnestra: You mock my understanding indeed, as if it were a young girl's.
§278ποίου χρόνου δὲ καὶ πεπόρθηται πόλις;
Chorus: And at what time has the city been sacked?
§279τῆς νῦν τεκούσης φῶς τόδ᾽ εὐφρόνης λέγω.
Clytemnestra: I speak of the very night that has now given birth to this light.
§280καὶ τίς τόδ᾽ ἐξίκοιτ᾽ ἂν ἀγγέλων τάχος;
Chorus: And what messenger could arrive with such speed?
§281Ἥφαιστος Ἴδης λαμπρὸν ἐκπέμπων σέλας.
Clytemnestra: Hephaestus, sending forth a bright gleam from Ida.
§282φρυκτὸς δὲ φρυκτὸν δεῦρ᾽ ἀπ᾽ ἀγγάρου πυρὸς §283ἔπεμπεν: Ἴδη μὲν πρὸς Ἑρμαῖον λέπας §284Λήμνου: μέγαν δὲ πανὸν ἐκ νήσου τρίτον §285Ἀθῷον αἶπος Ζηνὸς ἐξεδέξατο, §286ὑπερτελής τε, πόντον ὥστε νωτίσαι, §287ἰσχὺς πορευτοῦ λαμπάδος πρὸς ἡδονὴν §288πέμπει τὸ χρυσοφεγγές, ὥς τις ἥλιος, §289σέλας παραγγείλασα Μακίστου σκοπαῖς:
And beacon sent beacon hither by the courier-fire; Ida to the Hermaean crag of Lemnos; and as the third great torch from the island, the Athoan height of Zeus received it, and rising high, so as to skim the surface of the sea, the strength of the traveling torch with joy sent its golden-gleaming light, like a sun, passing the signal to the watchtowers of Macistus.
§290ὁ δ᾽ οὔτι μέλλων οὐδ᾽ ἀφρασμόνως ὕπνῳ §291νικώμενος παρῆκεν ἀγγέλου μέρος: §292ἑκὰς δὲ φρυκτοῦ φῶς ἐπ᾽ Εὐρίπου ῥοὰς §293Μεσσαπίου φύλαξι σημαίνει μολόν.
And he, delaying not nor mindlessly overcome by sleep, did not neglect his messenger's part; and far away, the beacon's light over Euripus' streams signaled its arrival to the guards of Messapion.
§294οἱ δ᾽ ἀντέλαμψαν καὶ παρήγγειλαν πρόσω §295γραίας ἐρείκης θωμὸν ἅψαντες πυρί.
And they shone in response, and passed the message onward, having set fire to a heap of dry heather.
§296σθένουσα λαμπὰς δ᾽ οὐδέπω μαυρουμένη, §297ὑπερθοροῦσα πεδίον Ἀσωποῦ, δίκην §298φαιδρᾶς σελήνης, πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνος λέπας §299ἤγειρεν ἄλλην ἐκδοχὴν πομποῦ πυρός.
And the powerful torch, not yet grown dim, leaping over the plain of Asopus like a radiant moon, to the crag of Cithaeron roused another succession of sending fire.
§300φάος δὲ τηλέπομπον οὐκ ἠναίνετο §301φρουρὰ προσαιθρίζουσα πόμπιμον φλόγα, §302λίμνην δ᾽ ὑπὲρ Γοργῶπιν ἔσκηψεν φάος: §303ὄρος τ᾽ ἐπ᾽ Αἰγίπλαγκτον ἐξικνούμενον §304ὤτρυνε θεσμὸν μηχανήσασθαι πυρός.
And the far-sent light was not rejected by the guard, who kindled a flame larger than what was sent; and the light swooped over the Gorgopian lake; and reaching Mount Aegiplanctus, urged them not to fail the ordinance of the fire.
§305πέμπουσι δ᾽ ἀνδαίοντες ἀφθόνῳ μένει §306φλογὸς μέγαν πώγωνα, καὶ Σαρωνικοῦ §307πορθμοῦ κάτοπτον πρῶν᾽ ὑπερβάλλειν πρόσω §308φλέγουσαν, ἔστ᾽ ἔσκηψεν, εὖτ᾽ ἀφίκετο §309Ἀραχναῖον αἶπος, ἀστυγείτονας σκοπάς:
And they sent, kindling with ungrudging strength, a great beard of flame, and it passed far beyond the headland that looks over the Saronic gulf, blazing, until it swooped down when it reached the Arachnaeon height, the watchtower near our city.
§310κἄπειτ᾽ Ἀτρειδῶν ἐς τόδε σκήπτει στέγος §311φάος τόδ᾽ οὐκ ἄπαππον Ἰδαίου πυρός.
And then it swooped down upon this roof of the Atreidae, this light, which is no stranger to the parent-fire of Ida.
§312τοιοίδε τοί μοι λαμπαδηφόρων νόμοι, §313ἄλλος παρ᾽ ἄλλου διαδοχαῖς πληρούμενοι: §314νικᾷ δ᾽ ὁ πρῶτος καὶ τελευταῖος δραμών.
Such indeed are the rules of my torch-bearers, fulfilled by succession one from another; and the first and the last runners are both victorious.
§315τέκμαρ τοιοῦτο σύμβολόν τε σοὶ λέγω §316ἀνδρὸς παραγγείλαντος ἐκ Τροίας ἐμοί.
Such is the proof and token I tell to you, my husband having sent the message to me from Troy.
§317θεοῖς μὲν αὖθις, ὦ γύναι, προσεύξομαι. §318λόγους δ᾽ ἀκοῦσαι τούσδε κἀποθαυμάσαι §319διηνεκῶς θέλοιμ᾽ ἂν ὡς λέγοις πάλιν.
Chorus: To the gods, O queen, I will pray hereafter; but these words I would fain hear and marvel at continuously, just as you would tell them again.
§320Τροίαν Ἀχαιοὶ τῇδ᾽ ἔχουσ᾽ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ.
Clytemnestra: The Achaeans hold Troy on this very day.
§321οἶμαι βοὴν ἄμεικτον ἐν πόλει πρέπειν.
I think an unmixed cry is resounding in the city.
§322ὄξος τ᾽ ἄλειφά τ᾽ ἐγχέας ταὐτῷ κύτει §323διχοστατοῦντ᾽ ἄν οὐ φίλως προσεννέποις.
If you pour vinegar and oil into the same vessel, you would address them as standing apart, not as friends.
§324καὶ τῶν ἁλόντων καὶ κρατησάντων δίχα §325φθογγὰς ἀκούειν ἔστι συμφορᾶς διπλῆς.
So too of the conquered and the conquerors, one can hear their voices separately, reflecting a double fortune.

Notes

  1. 236κατασχεῖν — The infinitive 'κατασχεῖν' (to restrain) depends on the main verb 'φράσεν' (ordered) in §231, forming part of the accusative-and-infinitive construction where 'ἀόζοις' (attendants) is the logical subject. This carries over the father's instruction to lift his daughter and gag her mouth.
  2. 250τοῖς μὲν παθοῦσιν μαθεῖν ἐπιρρέπει — The verb 'ἐπιρρέπει' (to incline, weigh out) takes the dative 'τοῖς παθοῦσιν' (to those who have suffered) and the infinitive 'μαθεῖν' (to learn), meaning 'Justice weighs out learning to those who have suffered'. This grammatical structure succinctly expresses the famous Aeschylean theme of 'learning through suffering' (πάθει μάθος).
  3. 275δόξαν ἂν λάβοιμι — The optative with 'ἄν' ('ἂν λάβοιμι') expresses a potential or a polite rejection ('I would not accept'). The following genitive phrase 'βριζούσης φρενός' (of a slumbering mind) acts as a subjective or possessive genitive modifying 'δόξαν' (mere opinion), describing the source of the fancy.
  4. 314ὁ πρῶτος καὶ τελευταῖος δραμών — The single definite article 'ὁ' unifies the adjectives 'πρῶτος' (first) and 'τελευταῖος' (last) under the participle 'δραμών' (runner). This serves as a striking metaphor indicating that the entire chain of beacon transmitters, from the first spark to the final destination, shares in a single, unified victory rather than acting as independent runners.

Cite this passage

Aeschylus, Agamemnon §236-325. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0085.tlg005.humanitext-grc1:236-325

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