Humanitext Reader

Dionysius of Halicarnassus · On the Ancient Orators, Book 2 (fragments) §59

Fragments and Scholia on Demosthenes and Aeschines

Passage 1 of 1 · Greek

Summary

A collection of scholarly scholia and critical comments by Dionysius of Halicarnassus regarding Demosthenes' style and Aeschines' rhetorical metaphors, structure, vocabulary, and expressions.

§59DE DEMOSTHENE I 1 TZETZAE scholion in Crameri anecd. Oxon.
ON DEMOSTHENES I 1 Tzetzes' scholion in Cramer's Anecdota Oxoniensia, Vol.
t. III p. 367, 7 Διονύσιος ὁ Ἁλικαρνασσεὺς φησίν·
III, p. 367, 7.
ἁγνεύεται τὸ στόμα τῷ Δημοσθένει.
Dionysius of Halicarnassus says: Demosthenes' mouth is purified.
sublatum fortasse ex loco, ubi Demosthenis ἦθος et ueritatis studium tractabatur DE AESCHINE II 2 SCHOLION Aeschinis or.
Perhaps taken from a passage where Demosthenes' character and zeal for truth were treated.
III 1 τὴν παράταξιν ὅση γεγένηται p. 315 Sch.
ON AESCHINES II 2 Scholion on Aeschines, Speech III, 1: 'how great a battle-line has been formed', p. 315 Sch.
δοκεῖ δὲ τραγικώτερον κεχρῆσθαι εὐθὺς ἐν ἀρχῇ τῇ μεταφορᾷ, πολιτικώτερον δὲ ὑπὸ Δημοσθένους εἰρῆσθαι τὸ αὐτὸ νόημα ἐν τῷ τῆς παραπρεσβείας εὐθὺς ἐν ἀρχῇ, ἔχον οὕτως ῾ ὅση μέν, ὦ ἂνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, σπουδὴ καὶ παραγγελία γέγονεʼ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
He seems to have used the metaphor too tragically right at the beginning; but the same idea is expressed in a more civic-political manner by Demosthenes right at the beginning of the speech 'On the False Embassy', which goes as follows: 'How much zeal and solicitation, O men of Athens, has taken place' and so forth.
argumentum or. III p.
Argument of Speech III, p. 352 R.
352 R. μέμψαιτο δʼ ἂν τις τὸ προοίμιον ὡς τραγικὸν καὶ περιττὸν καὶ ἐπιλόγῳ μᾶλλον ἐοικός.
One might criticize the introduction as tragic, superfluous, and more resembling a conclusion.
scholion ibid. p.
Scholion on the same, p. 353 R.
353 R. ὅρα δὲ πῶς ἐπιλογικῶς ἤρξατο ἀπὸ συνηγόρων ἐκβολῆς, ὥςπερ καὶ ὁ Δημοσθένης.
See how in the manner of a conclusion he began with the exclusion of joint advocates, just as Demosthenes also did.
cf. schol. or. I 69 ἀξιοῦσι τινὲς μέμφεσθαι τῷ ῥήτορι ἐν ἀγῶνι συνηγόρων ἐκβολὴν ποιησαμένῳ, δέον ἐν ἐπιλόγῳ.
Cf. scholion on Speech I 69: Some think it right to criticize the orator for having made an exclusion of joint advocates in the middle of the contest, whereas it ought to have been in the conclusion.
III ScHOLION Aeschinis or. III 90 πλείους τραπόμενος 3 τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου p. 331 Sch.
III Scholion on Aeschines, Speech III, 90: 'turning more turns than the Euripus', p. 331 Sch.
ἔστι δὲ τὸ κῶλον χαριεντισμός.
This clause is a witty expression.
ἐπαινοῦσι δὲ τοῦτο τὸ κῶλον οἱ κριτικοὶ λέγοντες σωφρόνως αὐτὸ πεφράσθαι καὶ οὐ κούφως.
The critics praise this clause, saying that it is phrased temperately and not lightly.
IV ScHOLION LAVR. Aeschinis or. III 180 τὰ σώματα 4 παρακαταθέμενοι p. 346 Sch.
IV Laurentian Scholion on Aeschines, Speech III, 180: 'depositing their bodies', p. 346 Sch.
ἐπιλαμβάνεται δὲ Διονύσιος, ὅτι τὸ παρακαταθέσθαι φυλακῆς πλείονʼ ἔνδειξιν ἔχει, ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν σωμάτων τὸ ἐναντίον γίγνεται, διαφθείρονται γὰρ ἔσθʼ ὅτε.
Dionysius criticizes this, because 'to deposit' contains more of an indication of safekeeping, whereas in the case of bodies the opposite happens, for sometimes they are destroyed.
οὐκοῦν κακῶς ἐχρήσατο τῇ λέξει ὁ Αἰσχίνης.
Therefore, Aeschines used the word badly.
V SCHOLION LAVR. Aeschinis or. III 189 τοῖς μὲν 5 πύκταις ἔστιν ὁ ἀγὼν πρὸς ἀλλήλους, τοῖς δʼ ἀξιοῦσι στεφανοῦσθαι πρὸς αὐτὴν τὴν ἀρετήν p. 347 Sch.
V Laurentian Scholion on Aeschines, Speech III, 189: 'for boxers, the contest is against one another, but for those who claim to be crowned, it is against virtue itself', p. 347 Sch.
ὁ Διονύσιος ἐπιλαμβάνεται.
Dionysius criticizes this.
οὐ γάρ, φησί, νικῆσαι βουλόμεθα τὴν ἀρετήν, ὡς τοὺς ἀνταγωνιστάς.
For, he says, we do not wish to defeat virtue as we do our opponents.

Notes

  1. 1τῷ Δημοσθένει — Dative of possession or reference, meaning 'for Demosthenes, his mouth...' or 'Demosthenes' mouth is...'.
  2. 2μέμψαιτο δʼ ἂν τις — Potential optative with the particle ἄν, expressing a possibility: 'someone might criticize...'.
  3. 2δέον ἐν ἐπιλόγῳ — Accusative absolute using the neuter participle δέον of the impersonal verb δεῖ, meaning 'whereas it ought to be in the conclusion'.
  4. 4τὸ παρακαταθέσθαι — Articular infinitive acting as the subject of the clause, meaning 'to deposit' or 'the act of depositing'.
  5. 5ὡς τοὺς ἀνταγωνιστάς — Comparative construction using the conjunction ὡς. The accusative τοὺς ἀνταγωνιστάς agrees in case with the preceding direct object τὴν ἀρετήν, meaning 'as [we wish to defeat] our opponents'.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, On the Ancient Orators, Book 2 (fragments) §59. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg007.humanitext-grc1:59

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.