§9.9.1βραδεῖα μὲν ἡ ἀγανάκτησις ὑμῶν γίνεται περὶ ὧν ὑβρίζεσθε ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων, ἄνδρες στρατιῶταί τε καὶ ἡγεμόνες· καὶ τὸ βουλόμενον ἑκάστου χωρεῖν ὁμόσε τοῖς ἐναντίοις πολὺ τοῦ δέοντος ὕστερον φαινόμενον ἄωρόν ἐστι.
Your indignation, soldiers and commanders, at the insults you receive from the enemy is slow indeed; and the desire of each of you to close with the enemy, appearing much later than it should have, is out of season.
παλαίτερον γὰρ ἔτι τοῦθʼ ὑμᾶς ἔδει πράττειν, ὅτε πρῶτον αὐτοὺς εἴδετε καταβαίνοντας ἐκ τῶν ἐρυμάτων καὶ μάχης ἄρχειν βουλομένους.
For you ought to have done this still earlier, when you first saw them coming down from their fortifications and wishing to begin the battle.
τότε γὰρ δήπου καλὸς ὁ περὶ τῆς ἡγεμονίας ἦν ἀγὼν καὶ τοῦ Ῥωμαίων φρονήματος ἄξιος. νῦν δʼ ἀναγκαῖος ἤδη γίνεται, καὶ οὐδʼ, ἂν τὸ κράτιστον λάβῃ §9.9.2τέλος, ὁμοίως καλός.
For at that time, surely, the struggle for supremacy would have been honorable and worthy of the Roman spirit; but now it has already become necessary, and even if it should have the best outcome, it will not be equally honorable.
εὖ δὲ καὶ νῦν ποιεῖτε ὅμως ἐπανορθώσασθαι τὴν βραδυτῆτα βουλόμενοι καὶ τὰ παραλειφθέντα ἀναλαβεῖν, καὶ πολλὴ χάρις ὑμῖν τῆς ἐπὶ τὰ κράτιστα ὁρμῆς, εἴ γʼ ὑπʼ ἀρετῆς γίνεται· κρεῖττον γάρ ἐστιν ὀψὲ ἄρξασθαι τὰ δέοντα πράττειν ἢ μηδέποτε·
Nevertheless, you do well even now in wishing to correct your slowness and to recover what has been neglected, and much gratitude is due to you for this impulse toward the best things, if indeed it arises from virtue; for it is better to begin to do what is necessary late than never.
εἴτʼ οὖν ἅπαντες ὁμοίους ἔχετε περὶ τῶν συμφερόντων λογισμούς, καὶ ἡ προθυμία τῆς ἐπὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ὁρμῆς ἅπαντας ἡ αὐτὴ κατείληφε.
If, therefore, you all hold the same calculations concerning our common interests, and the same eagerness for the struggle has seized you all, it is well.
§9.9.3νῦν δὲ φοβούμεθα, μὴ τὰ περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας προσκρούσματα τῶν δημοτικῶν πρὸς τοὺς ἐν τέλει μεγάλης αἴτια τῷ κοινῷ γένηται βλάβης· ὑποψία τε ἡμᾶς κατείληφεν, ὡς ἡ περὶ τῆς ἐξόδου καταβοὴ καὶ ἀγανάκτησις οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς προαιρέσεως παρὰ πάντων γίνεται, ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν ὡς τιμωρησόμενοι τοὺς πολεμίους προθυμεῖσθε
But as it is, we fear lest the clashes of the plebeians with the magistrates concerning the distribution of land should become the cause of great harm to the commonwealth; and a suspicion has seized us that the clamor and indignation concerning the sally do not arise from the same purpose on the part of all, but that some of you are eager to march out of the rampart in order to punish the enemy, while others are doing so in order to run away.
§9.9.4τοῦ χάρακος ἐξελθεῖν, οἱ δʼ ὡς ἀποδρασόμενοι. ἐξ ὧν δὲ παρέστηκεν ἡμῖν ταῦθʼ ὑποπτεύειν, οὐ μαντεῖαί εἰσιν οὐδὲ στοχασμοί, ἀλλʼ ἔργα ἐμφανῆ καὶ οὐδὲ ταῦτα παλαιά, ἀλλʼ ἐν τῷ παρελθόντι ἐνιαυτῷ γενόμενα, ὡς ἅπαντες ἴστε, ὅτʼ ἐπὶ τοὺς αὐτοὺς πολεμίους τούτους πολλῆς καὶ ἀγαθῆς ἐξελθούσης στρατιᾶς, καὶ τῆς πρώτης μάχης τὸ κράτιστον ἡμῖν λαβούσης τέλος, δυνηθέντος ἂν τοῦ τότʼ ἄγοντος ὑμᾶς ὑπάτου Καίσωνος, ἀδελφοῦ δʼ ἐμοῦ τουδὶ καὶ τὸν χάρακα τῶν πολεμίων ἐξελεῖν καὶ νίκην τῇ πατρίδι καταγαγεῖν λαμπροτάτην, φθονήσαντες αὐτῷ δόξης τινές, ὅτι δημοτικὸς οὐκ ἦν, οὐδὲ τὰ κεχαρισμένα τοῖς πένησι διετέλει πολιτευόμενος, τῇ πρώτῃ νυκτὶ μετὰ τὴν μάχην ἀνασπάσαντες τὰς σκηνὰς ἄνευ παραγγέλματος ἀπέδρασαν ἐκ τοῦ χάρακος, οὔτε τὸν κίνδυνον ἐνθυμηθέντες τὸν καταληψόμενον αὐτοὺς ἀτάκτως καὶ χωρὶς ἡγεμόνος ἀπιόντας ἐκ πολεμίας γῆς καὶ ταῦτʼ ἐν νυκτί, οὔτε τὴν αἰσχύνη, ὅση καθέξειν αὐτοὺς ἔμελλεν, ὑπολογισάμενοι, ὅτι παρεχώρουν τοῖς πολεμίοις τῆς ἡγεμονίας, τὸ γοῦν ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῖς μέρος, καὶ ταῦθʼ οἱ
The grounds that have led us to suspect this are neither prophecies nor conjectures, but visible deeds, and not ancient ones either, but having occurred in the past year, as you all know, when, a numerous and excellent army having marched out against these same enemies, and the first battle having had the best issue for us, although Caeso, the consul who was then leading you—and the brother of myself here—might have captured even the camp of the enemy and brought home a most glorious victory for his country, some, envying him his glory because he was not of the popular party and did not continuously pursue policies pleasing to the poor, on the very first night after the battle struck their tents without orders and fled from the camp, neither considering the danger that would overtake them as they departed in disorder and without a leader from an enemy's land, and that too by night, nor taking into account the shame, how great it was bound to hold them, because they were yielding the supremacy to the enemy, at least as far as lay in their power, and that too, victors yielding to the vanquished.
§9.9.5νικήσαντες τοῖς κεκρατημένοις. τούτους δὴ τοὺς ἄνδρας ὀρρωδοῦντες, ὦ ταξίαρχοί τε καὶ λοχαγοὶ καὶ στρατιῶται, τοὺς οὔτʼ ἄρχειν δυναμένους οὔτʼ ἄρχεσθαι βουλομένους πολλοὺς καὶ αὐθάδεις ὄντας καὶ τὰ ὅπλα ἔχοντας ἐν χερσίν, οὔτε πρότερον ἐβουλόμεθα μάχην συνάπτειν οὔτε νῦν ἔτι θαρσοῦμεν ἐπὶ τοιούτοις συμμάχοις τὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν μεγίστων ἀγῶνα ἄρασθαι, μὴ κωλύματα καὶ βλάβαι γένωνται τοῖς ἅπαντα τὰ καθʼ
Fearing indeed these men, military tribunes, centurions, and soldiers—men who are neither able to command nor willing to be commanded, who are numerous and arrogant and hold their weapons in their hands—we neither wished before to engage in battle, nor do we even now have the courage, with such allies, to undertake a struggle for the highest stakes, lest they should become hindrances and harms to those who are rendering everything on their own part with eagerness.
§9.9.6ἑαυτοὺς πρόθυμα παρεχομένοις. εἰ μέντοι κἀκείνων ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω τὸν νοῦν ἄγει νυνὶ καὶ καταβαλόντες τὸ στασιάζον, ὑφʼ οὗ πολλὰ καὶ μεγάλα βλάπτεται τὸ κοινόν, ἤ γε δὴ εἰς τοὺς τῆς εἰρήνης ἀναβαλόμενοι καιρούς, ἐπανορθώσασθαι βούλονται τὰ παρελθόντα ὀνείδη τῇ νῦν ἀρετῇ, μηδὲν ἔτι τὸ κωλῦσον ἔστω χωρεῖν ὑμᾶς ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, τὰς ἀγαθὰς προβαλλομένους ἐλπίδας.
If, however, the god is now guiding their minds as well to better things, and, casting aside the spirit of faction by which the commonwealth is greatly and frequently harmed—or at least putting it off until times of peace—they wish to correct past reproaches by their present virtue, let there be nothing more to prevent you from marching against the enemy, putting forward good hopes.
§9.9.7ἔχομεν δὲ πολλὰς μὲν καὶ ἄλλας ἀφορμὰς εἰς τὸ νικᾶν, μεγίστας δὲ καὶ κυριωτάτας, ἃς τὸ τῶν πολεμίων ἀνόητον ἡμῖν παρέχει, οἵ γε πλήθει στρατιᾶς μακρῷ προὔχοντες ἡμῶν καὶ τούτῳ μόνῳ δυνηθέντες ἂν πρὸς τὰς ἡμετέρας τόλμας τε καὶ ἐμπειρίας ἀντέχειν ἀπεστερήκασι τῆς μόνης ὠφελείας ἑαυτοὺς ἀπαναλώσαντες τὸ πλεῖον τῆς δυνάμεως μέρος εἰς τὰς τῶν φρουρίων φυλακάς.
And we have many other resources for victory, but the greatest and most decisive of all is that which the foolishness of the enemy provides us; for they, though far exceeding us in the size of their army and able by this alone to withstand our daring and experience, have deprived themselves of their only advantage by consuming the greater part of their force in the guarding of outposts.
§9.9.8ἔπειτα δέον αὐτοὺς σὺν εὐλαβείᾳ καὶ λογισμῷ σώφρονι πράττειν ἕκαστα, ἐνθυμουμένους, πρὸς οἵους ἄνδρας ὁ κίνδυνος ἔσται, θρασέως καὶ ἀπερισκέπτως ἐπὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα χωροῦσιν, ὡς ἄμαχοί τινες καὶ ὡς ἡμῶν καταπεπληγότων αὐτούς.
Furthermore, whereas they ought to act in everything with caution and sober calculation, considering what kind of men the danger will be against, they proceed to the struggle boldly and thoughtlessly, as if they were invincible and as if we were terrified of them.
αἱ γοῦν ἀποταφρεύσεις καὶ αἱ μέχρι τοῦ χάρακος ἡμῶν καθιππεύσεις καὶ τὰ πολλὰ ἐν λόγοις τε καὶ ἔργοις ὑβρίσματα τοῦτο δύναται.
At all events, their ditching, their riding up even to our camp, and their many insults both in words and deeds mean this.
§9.9.9ταῦτά τε δὴ ἐνθυμούμενοι καὶ τῶν προτέρων ἀγώνων μεμνημένοι πολλῶν ὄντων καὶ καλῶν, ἐν οἷς αὐτοὺς ἐνικᾶτε, χωρεῖτε μετὰ προθυμίας καὶ ἐπὶ τόνδε τὸν ἀγῶνα· καὶ ἐν ᾧ ἂν ὑμῶν ἕκαστος χωρίῳ ταχθῇ, τοῦθʼ ὑπολαβέτω καὶ οἶκον εἶναι καὶ κλῆρον καὶ πατρίδα· καὶ ὅ τε σώζων τὸν παραστάτην ἑαυτῷ πράττειν τὴν σωτηρίαν ὑπολαβέτω, καὶ ὁ ἐγκαταλιπὼν τὸν πέλας ἑαυτὸν ἡγείσθω τοῖς πολεμίοις προδιδόναι.
Bearing these things in mind, then, and remembering your past struggles, which were many and glorious, in which you conquered them, proceed with eagerness to this struggle also; and let each of you consider the post in which he is stationed to be both home, estate, and country; and let him who saves his comrade-in-arms consider that he is securing safety for himself, and let him who deserts his neighbor believe that he is betraying himself to the enemy.
μάλιστα δʼ ἐκεῖνο μεμνῆσθαι προσῆκεν, ὅτι μενόντων μὲν ἀνδρῶν καὶ μαχομένων ὀλίγον τὸ ἀπολλύμενόν ἐστιν, ἐγκλινάντων δὲ καὶ φευγόντων κομιδῇ βραχὺ σωζόμενον.
But above all, it is fitting to remember this: that when men stand their ground and fight, little is lost, but when they give way and flee, very little is saved.