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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §9.48.1-9.48.5

Attempted Arrest of Appius and Riot in the Forum

Passage 717 of 962 · Greek

Summary

After the tribune Laetorius orders the arrest of the consul Appius, a violent clash erupts between the two factions in the forum. The other consul, Quinctius, intervenes to stop the riot, but the city remains divided, with the plebs guarding the Capitol while the senate debates how to resolve the crisis.

§9.48.1ταῦτʼ εἰπὼν ὅρκον, ὅσπερ μέγιστος αὐτοῖς ἦν, διομοσάμενος ἢ τὸν νόμον ἐπικυρώσειν ἢ τοῦ ζῆν μεθήσεσθαι, σιωπῆς γενομένης ἐκ τοῦ πλήθους καὶ ἐναγωνίου προσδοκίας, ἐφʼ ᾧ μέλλει δρᾶν, ἐκέλευσε μεταχωρεῖν ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας τὸν Ἄππιον.
Having said these things and having sworn an oath, which was the greatest among them, either to ratify the law or to give up his life, while silence and an anxious expectation of what he was about to do arose from the multitude, he ordered Appius to withdraw from the assembly.
ὡς δʼ οὐκ ἐπείθετο, ἀλλὰ τοὺς ῥαβδούχους παραστησάμενος καὶ τὸν ὄχλον, ὃν ἦγε παρασκευασάμενος οἴκοθεν, ἀπεμάχετο μὴ παραχωρῆσαι τῆς ἀγορᾶς, σιωπὴν ὑποκηρυξάμενος ὁ Λαιτώριος ἀνεῖπεν, ὅτι τὸν ὕπατον εἰς φυλακὴν κελεύουσιν ἀπάγειν οἱ δήμαρχοι.
But when he would not obey, but, having stationed his lictors and the crowd which he had brought prepared from home, fought back against withdrawing from the forum, Laetorius, having ordered silence to be proclaimed, announced that the tribunes ordered the consul to be led away to prison.
§9.48.2καὶ ὁ μὲν ὑπηρέτης κελευσθεὶς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ προσῆγεν ὡς τοῦ σώματος ἐπιληψόμενος· τῶν δὲ ῥαβδούχων ὁ πρῶτος ἐπιτυχὼν παίων αὐτὸν ἀπήλασε.
And the attendant ordered by him approached as if to lay hands on his person; but the first of the lictors who came upon him struck him and drove him back.
κραυγῆς δʼ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων γενομένης μεγάλης καὶ ἀγανακτήσεως ἵεται αὐτὸς ὁ Λαιτώριος παρακελευσάμενος τοῖς ὄχλοις ἀμύνειν, καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἄππιον στῖφος ἔχοντες νέων πολὺ καὶ καρτερὸν ὑφίστανται.
When a great cry and indignation arose from those present, Laetorius himself rushed forward, calling upon the crowds to assist, and those around Appius, having a large and strong band of young men, stood their ground.
καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο λόγοι τʼ ἀσχήμονες ἐγένοντο εἰς ἀλλήλους καὶ καταβοαὶ καὶ σωμάτων ὠθισμοί· καὶ τελευτῶσα εἰς χεῖρας ἀπέσκηψεν ἡ ἔρις, καὶ εἰς λίθων ἤρξατο προβαίνειν βολάς.
And after this, shameful words were spoken against one another, and shouts and shoving of bodies occurred; and in the end, the strife fell to blows, and began to advance to the throwing of stones.
§9.48.3ἐπέσχε δὲ ταῦτα καὶ τοῦ μὴ προσωτέρω χωρῆσαι τὰ δεινὰ Κοίντιος ἅτερος τῶν ὑπάτων αἴτιος ἐγένετο, δεόμενός τε πάντων καὶ λιπαρῶν σὺν τοῖς πρεσβυτάτοις τῶν ἐκ τοῦ συνεδρίου καὶ εἰς μέσους τοὺς ἁψιμαχοῦντας ὠθούμενος.
But Quinctius, the other of the consuls, was the cause of stopping these things and preventing the dangers from proceeding further, entreating and beseeching everyone together with the eldest of the senate, and pushing himself into the midst of those who were skirmishing.
ἦν δὲ καὶ τῆς ἡμέρας τὸ λειπόμενον βραχὺ §9.48.4μέρος, ὥστʼ ἀκούσιοι ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων διελύθησαν.
And since the remaining part of the day was short, they dispersed from one another against their will.
ταῖς δʼ ἑξῆς ἡμέραις αἵ τʼ ἀρχαὶ ἀλλήλαις ἐνεκάλουν, ὁ μὲν ὕπατος τοῖς δημάρχοις, ὅτι καταλύειν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἠξίουν ἐς τὸ δεσμωτήριον τὸν ὕπατον ἀπάγειν κελεύσαντες, τῷ δʼ ὑπάτῳ οἱ δήμαρχοι, ὡς ἐμβεβληκότι πληγὰς σώμασιν ἱεροῖς καὶ καθωσιωμένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου — καὶ ὁ Λαιτώριος τὰ ἴχνη τῶν πληγῶν εἶχεν ἐπὶ τῆς ὄψεως ἔτι φανερά — ἥ τε πόλις ὅλη διοιδοῦσα καὶ ἀγριαινομένη διειστήκει.
On the following days, the magistrates accused one another, the consul accusing the tribunes because they deemed it right to destroy his authority by ordering the consul to be led to prison, and the tribunes accusing the consul because he had inflicted blows on bodies that were sacred and consecrated by the law—and Laetorius still had the marks of the blows visible on his face—and the whole city, swelling with rage and growing wild, was divided.
§9.48.5ἔπειτα ὁ μὲν δῆμος ἐφρούρει τὸ Καπιτώλιον ἅμα τοῖς δημάρχοις, οὔθʼ ἡμέρας οὔτε νυκτὸς ἐκλείπων τὴν φυλακήν· ἡ δὲ βουλὴ συνιοῦσα πολλὴν καὶ ἐπίπονον ἐποιεῖτο ζήτησιν, ὅπως χρὴ παῦσαι τὴν διχοστασίαν, τοῦ τε κινδύνου τὸ μέγεθος ἐνθυμουμένη, καὶ ὅτι οὐδὲ τοῖς ὑπάτοις τὰ αὐτὰ παρειστήκει φρονεῖν.
Then the people, together with the tribunes, guarded the Capitol, not relaxing their watch either by day or by night; and the senate, coming together, made a long and painful inquiry as to how they ought to stop the dissension, considering both the magnitude of the danger, and that the consuls did not agree in their opinions.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ Κοίντιος εἴκειν τῷ δήμῳ τὰ μέτρια ἠξίου, ὁ δʼ Ἄππιος μέχρι θανάτου ἀντέχειν.
For Quinctius thought they should yield what was moderate to the people, but Appius thought they should resist even unto death.

Notes

  1. §9.48.1ἐφʼ ᾧ μέλλει δρᾶν — The relative clause introduced by ἐφʼ ᾧ (ἐπί + ᾧ) functions to define the content of the noun προσδοκίας ('expectation of what he was about to do').
  2. §9.48.1ἀπεμάχετο μὴ παραχωρῆσαι — The verb ἀπεμάχετο ('resisted, fought back') is followed by an infinitive with a redundant negative μὴ, which is characteristic of Greek syntax after verbs of preventing or resisting and should not be translated as an active negative.
  3. §9.48.2παρακελευσάμενος τοῖς ὄχλοις ἀμύνειν — The verb ἀμύνω with the dative case (τοῖς ὄχλοις) means 'to assist, ward off for someone,' whereas with the accusative it would mean 'to defend/keep off.' Thus, it means 'calling upon the crowds to assist [them]' or 'to act in self-defense.'
  4. §9.48.3ἐπέσχε δὲ ταῦτα καὶ τοῦ μὴ προσωτέρω χωρῆσαι τὰ δεινὰ Κοίντιος ... αἴτιος ἐγένετο — This sentence contains two coordinate predicates for the subject Quinctius (Κοίντιος): first, the finite verb ἐπέσχε δὲ ταῦτα ('and he stopped these things'); second, αἴτιος ἐγένετο ('he was the cause of...'), which governs the genitive articular infinitive phrase τοῦ μὴ προσωτέρω χωρῆσαι τὰ δεινὰ ('preventing the dangers from proceeding further').

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §9.48.1-9.48.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.48.1-9.48.5

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