§8.5.1ὑπὲρ δὲ τοῦ τίνα χρὴ πολεμεῖν αὐτοῖς τρόπον προθέντων σκοπεῖν τῶν ἐν τοῖς τέλεσι παρελθὼν ὁ Τύλλος συνεβούλευσεν αὐτοῖς καλεῖν τὸν Μάρκιον καὶ παρʼ ἐκείνου πυνθάνεσθαι, πῶς ἂν ἡ Ῥωμαίων καταλυθείη δύναμις· κράτιστα γὰρ ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων εἰδέναι, πῇ τε κάμνει τὰ τῆς πόλεως πράγματα καὶ πῇ μάλιστα ἔρρωται.
When those in authority had proposed for consideration the question of how they ought to make war against them, Tullus came forward and advised them to call Marcius and to learn from him how the power of the Romans might be destroyed; for he said that Marcius, best of all men, knew where the affairs of the city were failing and where they were strongest.
ἐδόκει ταῦτα, καὶ αὐτίκα πάντες ἐβόων καλεῖν τὸν ἄνδρα.
This was approved, and immediately everyone shouted to call the man.
καὶ ὁ Μάρκιος ἧς ἐβούλετο ἀφορμῆς λαβόμενος ἀνέστη κατηφὴς καὶ δεδακρυμένος καὶ μικρὸν ἐπισχὼν χρόνον τοιούτους διέθετο λόγους· §8.5.2εἰ μὲν ἡγούμην ὑμᾶς ἅπαντας ὅμοια γινώσκειν περὶ τῆς ἐμῆς συμφορᾶς, οὐκ ἂν ὑπελάμβανον ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι περὶ αὐτῆς ἀπολογεῖσθαι·
And Marcius, having seized the opportunity he desired, stood up, downcast and in tears, and after waiting for a short time, delivered a speech of this kind: "If I believed that you all held the same opinion concerning my misfortune, I should not have supposed it necessary to make a defense regarding it.
ἐνθυμούμενος δʼ, ὡς ἐν πολλοῖς καὶ διαφόροις ἤθεσιν εἰκός, εἶναί τινας, οἷς παραστήσεται δόξα οὔτʼ ἀληθὴς οὔτε προσήκουσα περὶ ἐμοῦ, ὡς οὐκ ἂν ἄτερ αἰτίας ἀληθοῦς καὶ δικαίας ἐξήλασέ με ὁ δῆμος ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος, παντὸς μάλιστα οἴομαι δεῖν πρῶτον ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐμῆς φυγῆς ἐν κοινῷ §8.5.3πρὸς ἅπαντας ὑμᾶς ἀπολογήσασθαι.
But considering that, as is natural among many and diverse characters, there will be some who will form an opinion about me that is neither true nor proper—namely, that the people would not have driven me from my country without some true and just cause—I think it is of all things most necessary, first, in public to make my defense to you all concerning my exile.
ἀλλʼ ἀνάσχεσθέ μου, πρὸς θεῶν, καὶ οἱ κράτιστα ἐγνωκότες, ἃ πέπονθα ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν καὶ ὡς οὐ προσῆκόν μοι ταύτης πεπείραμαι τῆς τύχης διεξιόντος, καὶ μὴ πρότερον ποθεῖτε, ὅ τι χρὴ πράττειν ἀκοῦσαι, πρίν, ὁποῖός τις εἰμὶ ὁ τὴν γνώμην ἀποδειξόμενος, ἐξετάσαι.
But, in the name of the gods, bear with me, even those of you who understand my case best, while I relate what I have suffered at the hands of my enemies and how undeservedly I have experienced this fortune; and do not desire to hear what must be done before you examine what kind of man I am who am about to express my opinion.
ἔσται δὲ βραχὺς ὁ περὶ αὐτῶν, κἂν πρόσωθεν ἄρξωμαι, λόγος.
My speech concerning these matters, even if I begin from far back, will be brief.
§8.5.4Ῥωμαίοις τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πολίτευμα ἦν μικτὸν ἔκ τε βασιλείας καὶ ἀριστοκρατίας·
For the Romans, the constitution from the beginning was a mixed one, composed of monarchy and aristocracy.
ἔπειτα ὁ τελευταῖος βασιλεὺς Ταρκύνιος τυραννίδα τὴν ἀρχὴν ἠξίου ποιεῖν.
Then Tarquin, the last king, saw fit to turn his rule into a tyranny.
συστάντες οὖν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν οἱ τῆς ἀριστοκρατίας ἡγεμόνες ἐκεῖνον μὲν ἐξέβαλον ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, αὐτοὶ δὲ τὰ κοινὰ κατέσχον ἀρίστην καὶ σωφρονεστάτην, ὡς ἅπαντες ὁμολογοῦσι, καταστησάμενοι πολιτείαν.
Accordingly, the leaders of the aristocracy, having united against him, expelled him from the city, and themselves took charge of public affairs, establishing a constitution which, as all agree, was the best and most prudent.
χρόνοις δʼ οὐ πολλοῖς τῶν νῦν πρότερον, ἀλλὰ τρίτον ἢ τέταρτον τοῦτʼ ἔτος οἱ πενέστατοί τε καὶ ἀργότατοι τῶν πολιτῶν πονηροῖς χρησάμενοι προστάταις ἄλλα τε πολλὰ ἐξύβρισαν, καὶ τελευτῶντες καταλύειν τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν ἐπεχείρουν.
But not many years before the present time, indeed this being the third or fourth year, the poorest and most idle of the citizens, employing wicked leaders, committed many other insolent acts and finally attempted to destroy the aristocracy.
ἐφʼ οἷς ἅπαντες μὲν οἱ τῆς βουλῆς προεστηκότες ἤχθοντο καί, ὅπως παύσωνται τῆς ὕβρεως οἱ §8.5.5κινοῦντες τὴν πολιτείαν, σκοπεῖν ἠξίουν.
At this, all the leading men of the senate were indignant, and thought it right to consider how those who were shaking the constitution might cease from their insolence.
ὑπὲρ ἅπαντας δὲ τοὺς ἀριστοκρατικοὺς ἐκ μὲν τῶν πρεσβυτέρων Ἄππιος ἀνὴρ πολλῶν ἄξιος ἕνεκεν ἐπαινεῖσθαι, ἐκ δὲ τῶν νεωτέρων ἐγώ·
And above all the other aristocrats, Appius among the elders—a man worthy of praise on many accounts—and I among the younger, urged this most strongly.
καὶ λόγους ἐποιούμεθα διὰ παντὸς ἐπὶ τῆς βουλῆς ἐλευθέρους οὐ δήμῳ πολεμοῦντες, ἀλλὰ πονηροκρατίαν ὑφορώμενοι, οὐδὲ καταδουλώσασθαί τινα βουλόμενοι Ῥωμαίων, ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν ἐλεύθερον ἅπασιν ἀξιοῦντες ὑπάρχειν, τὴν δὲ προστασίαν τῶν κοινῶν ἀποδεδόσθαι τοῖς κρείττοσι.
We always spoke our minds freely in the senate, not because we were at war with the people, but because we were suspicious of the rule of the wicked, and not because we wished to enslave any of the Romans, but because, while believing that freedom should belong to all, we thought that the direction of public affairs should be assigned to the better class."