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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.38.1-8.38.3

Embassy of Priests and Marcius' Repeated Rejection

Passage 616 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The senate sent a grand embassy consisting of all priests and augurs to Marcius, but he rejected them as well and forbade further negotiations. Having lost all hope of reconciliation, the Romans prepared for a siege.

§8.38.1ταῦτα δὲ πράττοντες καὶ παρασκευαζόμενοι τῆς τʼ ἐλπίδος οὔπω ἀφιστάμενοι ὡς δυνατὸν ὑπάρχον ἔτι μεταπεισθῆναι τὸν Μάρκιον, εἰ μείζονι καὶ τιμιωτέρᾳ πρεσβείᾳ δεηθεῖεν αὐτοῦ, ψηφίζονται τούς θʼ ἱεροφάντας καὶ τοὺς οἰωνοσκόπους καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἅπαντας, ὅσοι τιμήν τινα ἱερὰν ἢ λειτουργίαν περὶ τὰ θεῖα δημοτελῆ λαβόντες εἶχον· εἰσὶ δὲ παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἱερεῖς καὶ θεραπευταὶ θεῶν πάνυ πολλοὶ καὶ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι διαφανέστατοι τῶν ἄλλων κατά τʼ οἴκους πατέρων καὶ ἀρετῆς οἰκείας ἀξίωσιν· ἔχοντας ἅμʼ αὐτοῖς τῶν ὀργιαζομένων τε καὶ θεραπευομένων θεῶν τὰ σύμβολα καὶ τὰς ἱερὰς ἀμπεχομένους ἐσθῆτας ἀθρόους ἐπὶ τὸν χάρακα τῶν πολεμίων πορεύεσθαι τοὺς αὐτοὺς φέροντας τοῖς προτέροις λόγους.
While doing and preparing these things, and not yet giving up hope on the ground that it was still possible for Marcius to be persuaded if they should entreat him with a larger and more honorable embassy, they voted that both the hierophants and the augurs and all the others who had received and held some sacred honor or public liturgy concerning divine matters—now there are among them very many priests and ministers of the gods, and these themselves are the most illustrious of all in respect to both the lineage of their fathers and the estimation of their own virtue—having with them the symbols of the gods whose rites they perform and whom they worship, and clad in their sacred vestments, should go in a body to the camp of the enemies, bearing the same words as the former embassy.
§8.38.2ὡς δʼ ἀφίκοντο οἱ ἄνδρες καὶ ἔλεξαν, ὅσα ἡ βουλὴ αὐτοῖς ἐπέστελλεν, οὐδὲ τούτοις ἔδωκεν ὁ Μάρκιος ἀπόκρισιν ὑπὲρ ὧν ἠξίουν, ἀλλʼ ἢ τὰ κελευόμενα ποιεῖν συνεβούλευεν ἀπιόντας, εἰ θέλουσιν εἰρήνην ἄγειν, ἢ προσδέχεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον ἥξοντα πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ἀπεῖπε μὴ διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς αὐτόν.
And when the men arrived and said whatever the senate had commanded them, Marcius did not give an answer even to these concerning the things they requested, but advised them to depart and do what was commanded, if they wished to have peace, or to expect the war which would come to the city, and for the future forbade them to speak to him.
§8.38.3ὡς δὲ καὶ ταύτης ἀπέτυχον τῆς πείρας οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι, πᾶσαν ἐλπίδα διαλλαγῆς ἀπογνόντες ὡς πολιορκησόμενοι παρεσκευάζοντο τοὺς μὲν ἀκμαιοτάτους ὑπὸ τῇ τάφρῳ καὶ παρὰ ταῖς πύλαις %5τάξαντες, τοὺς δʼ ἀφειμένους ἤδη στρατείας, οἷς ἔτι τὰ σώματα ἱκανὰ ἦν κακοπαθεῖν, ἐπὶ τοῖς τείχεσιν.
And when the Romans failed in this attempt also, giving up all hope of reconciliation, they prepared themselves as men who were going to be besieged, having stationed the most vigorous under the ditch and by the gates, and those already released from military service, whose bodies were still capable of enduring hardship, upon the walls.

Notes

  1. 1592ὡς δυνατὸν ὑπάρχον — An instance of the accusative absolute construction with the impersonal expression δυνατὸν ὑπάρχον. Accompanied by the particle ὡς, it expresses a subjective reason or assumption on the part of the subjects: "on the ground that it was possible."
  2. 1592ψηφίζονται τούς θʼ ἱεροφάντας ... πορεύεσθαι — An accusative and infinitive construction governed by the main verb ψηφίζονται. The core structure is ψηφίζονται τούς θʼ ἱεροφάντας ... πορεύεσθαι ("they vote that the hierophants... should go"), interrupted by a long parenthetical clause (εἰσὶ δὲ παρʼ αὐτοῖς...). The subsequent participles ἔχοντας and ἀμπεχομένους agree in gender, number, and case (accusative) with the subject of the infinitive.
  3. p.v.3p.181ἀλλʼ ἢ τὰ κελευόμενα ποιεῖν συνεβούλευεν ἀπιόντας — The combination ἀλλʼ ἤ following a negative statement (οὐδὲ ... ἀπόκρισιν ἔδωκεν) acts as a strong contrast or exception: "[he gave no other answer] except that he advised them to depart and do what was commanded." It marks a transition to the only alternative offered by Marcius.
  4. 1593ὡς πολιορκησόμενοι — The particle ὡς combined with the future participle πολιορκησόμενοι. It denotes the subjective expectation or certainty of the subject regarding a future event, meaning "with the expectation of being besieged" or "as men who were going to be besieged."

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.38.1-8.38.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.38.1-8.38.3

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