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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.23.1-8.23.3

Minucius's Speech to Marcius on Reconciliation and Restraint

Passage 601 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Minucius, the ambassador from Rome, addresses Marcius, acknowledging his anger over the unjust banishment by the plebeians but admonishing his excessive vengeance that harms the innocent, and stating that the embassy has come to propose terms of reconciliation and offer advice.

§8.23.1ὅτι μὲν οὐ δίκαια πέπονθας ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου, ὦ Μάρκιε, μετʼ αἰτίας αἰσχρᾶς ἐξελασθεὶς ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος, ἅπαντες ἴσμεν· καὶ οὐδὲν οἰόμεθά σε ποιεῖν θαυμαστόν, εἰ χαλεπαίνεις καὶ ἀγανακτεῖς ἐπὶ ταῖς τύχαις.
That you have suffered unjust treatment at the hands of the people, Marcius, having been driven out of your homeland with shameful accusation, we all know; and we think it in no way surprising if you are angry and resentful at your fortunes.
κοινὸς γὰρ δὴ τῆς ἁπάντων φύσεως οὗτος ὁ νόμος, ἐχθρὸν εἶναι τῷ δράσαντι τὸ πεπονθὸς κακῶς.
For this is indeed a law common to the nature of all men, that the one who has suffered evil should be an enemy to the one who did it.
§8.23.2ὅτι δʼ οὐ μετὰ λογισμοῦ σώφρονος ἐξετάζεις, οὓς ἀμύνεσθαί τε καὶ τιμωρεῖσθαί σοι προσῆκεν, οὐδὲ μετριάζεις περὶ τὴν ἀνάπραξιν τῆς δίκης, ἀλλʼ ἐν ταὐτῷ τίθεσαι τά τʼ ἀναίτια τοῖς αἰτίοις καὶ τὰ φίλια τοῖς πολεμίοις, νόμους τε κινεῖς φύσεως ἀκινήτους καὶ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς συνταράττεις ὅσια, καὶ οὐδὲ σεαυτὸν ἐξ ὧν τε καὶ ὅστις ἔφυς ἔτι μέμνησαι, τοῦτο τεθαυμάκαμεν.
But that you do not examine with prudent reasoning whom it is proper for you to resist and punish, nor do you show moderation in the exacting of justice, but instead you place the guiltless in the same position as the guilty and the friendly in the same position as the hostile, and you disturb the unalterable laws of nature and confound the sacred duties toward the gods, and no longer even remember who you are and from whom you are born—at this we are astonished.
§8.23.3ἥκομέν τʼ ἀποσταλέντες ὑπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ πρέσβεις οἱ προὔχοντες ἡλικίᾳ τῶν πατρικίων καὶ περὶ σὲ προθυμότατοι μεμιγμένην φέροντες δικαιολογίαν παραιτήσει, καὶ ἐφʼ οἷς ἀξιοῦμέν σε διαλύσεσθαι τὴν ἔχθραν, πρὸς τὸν δῆμον ἀπαγγελοῦντες· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις, ἃ νομίζομεν εἶναι κάλλιστα καὶ συμφορώτατά σοι, ταῦτα παραινέσοντες.
And we have come, sent as ambassadors by the state, we who are preeminent in age among the patricians and most devoted to you, bringing a defense mingled with supplication, and to report to the people the terms on which we request you to dissolve your hostility; and besides this, to advise you on those things which we believe to be best and most advantageous for you.

Notes

  1. 1552ἐχθρὸν εἶναι τῷ δράσαντι τὸ πεπονθὸς κακῶς — The subject accusative of the infinitive 'einal' is 'to peponthos kakos' (the one who has suffered evil), and 'echthron' (an enemy) is its predicate. 'To drasanti' (the one who did it) is a dative depending on 'echthron'.
  2. 1552οὓς ἀμύνεσθαί τε καὶ τιμωρεῖσθαί σοι προσῆκεν — The relative pronoun 'hous' acts as the object of the infinitives 'amynesthai' and 'timoreisthai', with its antecedent omitted. This entire infinitival clause is the subject of the impersonal 'proseken', which together functions as the object clause of 'exetazeis'.
  3. 1552ἐξ ὧν τε καὶ ὅστις ἔφυς — A parallel structure depending on 'ephys' (second aorist of 'phyo', 'you were born'). 'Ex hon' means 'from whom (parents) you were born' and 'hostis' means 'who (in character) you were born'. Together they act as a double indirect question depending on 'memnesai'.
  4. 1553ἐφʼ οἷς ἀξιοῦμέν σε διαλύσεσθαι τὴν ἔχθραν — The prepositional phrase 'eph' hois' (epi with the relative pronoun in neuter plural) means 'on what terms' or 'on what conditions'. The infinitive 'dialysesthai' is the complementary infinitive depending on 'axioumen' (we request).

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.23.1-8.23.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.23.1-8.23.3

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