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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §8.20.1-8.20.3

Marcius's Capture and Plunder of Bovillae

Passage 598 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Marcius captured Bovillae, one of the leading Latin cities, after a fierce battle, and withdrew his army after enriching them with immense spoils and treasure.

§8.20.1ἀπὸ δὲ ταύτης ἀναστήσας τῆς πόλεως ἤλαυνε τὸν στρατὸν ἐπὶ Βοίλλας, ἐπιφανῆ τότε οὖσαν καὶ ἐν ὀλίγαις πάνυ ταῖς ἡγουμέναις τοῦ Λατίνων γένους πόλεσιν ἐξεταζομένην.
And having removed his army from this city, he marched against Bovillae, which was at that time illustrious and counted among the very few leading cities of the Latin race.
οὐ προσδεξαμένων δʼ αὐτὸν τῶν ἔνδον, ἀλλὰ τῷ τʼ ἐρύματι πιστευόντων ἐχυρῷ γε σφόδρα ὄντι καὶ τῷ πλήθει τῶν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ μαχησομένων παρακαλέσας τὴν δύναμιν ἀγωνίζεσθαι προθύμως καὶ τοῖς πρώτοις ἐπιβᾶσι τοῦ τείχους μεγάλας δωρεὰς ὑποσχόμενος ἔργου εἴχετο· καὶ γίνεται μάχη περὶ τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ καρτερά.
Since those inside did not receive him, but trusted both in their fortification, which was indeed very strong, and in the multitude of those who would fight from it, having exhorted his army to fight eagerly and promised great rewards to those who first scaled the wall, he set to work; and a fierce battle took place around this city.
§8.20.2οὐ γὰρ μόνον ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους ἠμύνοντο τοὺς προσιόντας οἱ Βοιλλανοί, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς πύλας ἀνοίξαντες ἐξέθεον ἀθρόοι καὶ κατὰ τοῦ πρανοῦς ἐώθουν βίᾳ τοὺς ὑφισταμένους· φόνος τε πλεῖστος αὐτόθι τῶν Οὐολούσκων ἐγένετο καὶ χρόνος τῆς τειχομαχίας πολὺς τοῦ τε κρατήσειν τῆς πόλεως ἄπορος ἅπασιν ἡ ἐλπίς.
For the Bovillani not only defended themselves from the wall against those who approached, but also, opening the gates, sallied forth in a body and by force pushed those who withstood them down the slope; and a very great slaughter of the Volscians took place there, and the time of the siege was long, and everyone's hope of capturing the city was doubtful.
ἀλλὰ τῶν ἀπολλυμένων ἄδηλον ἐποίει τὴν ἀπουσίαν ὁ στρατηγὸς ἀντικαθιστὰς ἑτέρους, τῶν δὲ καμνόντων παρεθάρρυνε τὴν ἀθυμίαν ἐπὶ τὸ πονοῦν μέρος τῆς στρατιᾶς αὐτὸς ὠθούμενος.
But the general made the absence of those who perished unnoticed by replacing them with others, and he encouraged the despondency of those who were weary, throwing himself in person into the struggling part of the army.
ἦν δʼ οὐχ ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ μόνον ἐπαγωγὸς εἰς τὸ εὔψυχον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἔργα.
And not only was his speech persuasive to courage, but also his deeds.
πάντα γὰρ ὑφίστατο κίνδυνον καὶ οὐδεμιᾶς πείρας ἀπελείφθη, τέως ἑάλω τὸ §8.20.3τεῖχος.
For he underwent every danger and was left behind in no trial, until the wall was captured.
κρατήσας δὲ καὶ ταύτης σὺν χρόνῳ τῆς πόλεως καὶ τῶν ἁλόντων τοὺς μὲν ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ διαφθείρας, τοὺς δʼ αἰχμαλώτους λαβὼν ἀπῆγε τὴν δύναμιν ἐπιφανεστάτην νίκην ἐξενεγκάμενος καὶ λάφυρα κάλλιστα καὶ πλεῖστα ἄγων, χρήμασί τε παμπόλλοις, ὧν ἐγκρατὴς ἐγένετο· ἦν δʼ αὐτόθι ὅσα ἐν οὐδενὶ τῶν ἁλόντων χωρίων· πλουτίσας τὴν στρατιάν.
And having mastered this city also in course of time, and of those captured having destroyed some by the law of arms and taken others as captives, he led away his army, having won a most illustrious victory and bringing the finest and most numerous spoils, and having enriched his army with vast amounts of money of which he became master; and there was there as much as in none of the captured places.

Notes

  1. 8.20.2τοῦ τε κρατήσειν — The genitive articular future infinitive `τοῦ κρατήσειν` functions as an objective genitive modifying the noun `ἡ ἐλπίς` ('hope of capturing'). The use of the future tense with an articular infinitive is relatively rare and highlights the strong expectation of the future outcome.
  2. 8.20.3ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ — Literally meaning 'by the law of hands,' this is an idiomatic expression for 'in the heat of battle' or 'by force of arms.' It refers to those who were slain during active combat, as opposed to those taken alive as captives.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §8.20.1-8.20.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.20.1-8.20.3

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