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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §7.60.1-7.60.5

Minucius's Speech for the Pardon of Marcius

Passage 563 of 962 · Greek

Summary

After the patricians reluctantly concede to holding the trial in the assembly of tribes, the consul Menecius ascends the platform on behalf of the senate, urging the people to maintain peace and harmony by acquitting Marcius.

§7.60.1συγχωρηθέντος δʼ αὐτοῖς καὶ τούτου μόγις ὑπὸ τῶν πατρικίων, ἐπειδὴ τὴν δίκην ἐχρῆν λέγεσθαι, πρῶτος ἀνέβη Μηνύκιος, ἅτερος τῶν ὑπάτων, καὶ ἔλεξεν οὓς ἐπέστειλεν αὐτῷ λόγους ἡ βουλή· πρῶτον μὲν ἁπάσας τὰς εὐεργεσίας ὑπομιμνήσκων, ὅσας ἦν εἰληφὼς ὁ δῆμος παρὰ τῶν πατρικίων, ἔπειτʼ ἀξιῶν ἀντὶ πολλῶν καὶ καλῶν ἔργων μίαν ἀποδοθῆναι παρὰ τοῦ δήμου δεομένοις σφίσιν ἀναγκαίαν χάριν ἐπὶ τῷ κοινῷ §7.60.2τῆς πόλεως ἀγαθῷ.
And this also having been with difficulty conceded to them by the patricians, when it was necessary for the trial to be held, Menecius, one of the two consuls, first ascended the platform and spoke the words which the senate had charged him with; first reminding them of all the benefits that the people had received from the patricians, then demanding that in return for many noble deeds, one necessary favor should be returned by the people to them who entreated it, for the common good of the city.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἐπαινῶν μὲν ὁμόνοιαν καὶ εἰρήνην, καὶ ὅσης εὐδαιμονίας ἑκάτερον τούτων αἴτιόν ἐστι ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐπιλεγόμενος, κατηγορῶν δὲ διχοστασίας καὶ πολέμων ἐμφυλίων, ἐξ ὧν πόλεις αὐτάνδρους ἀπέφαινεν ἀνῃρῆσθαι καὶ ἔθνη ὅλα διολωλέναι· παρακαλῶν δὲ μὴ τὰ χείρω αἱρεῖσθαι πρὸ τῶν κρειττόνων ὀργῇ ἐπιτρέψαντας, ἀλλʼ ἐκ λογισμοῦ σώφρονος τὰ μέλλοντα ὁρᾶν, μηδὲ τοῖς κακίστοις τῶν πολιτῶν χρῆσθαι συμβούλοις περὶ τῶν μεγίστων βουλευομένους, ἀλλὰ τοῖς κρατίστοις σφίσιν εἶναι δοκοῦσιν, ὑφʼ ὧν ᾔδεσαν ἐν εἰρήνῃ τε καὶ κατὰ πολέμους πολλὰ ὠφελημένην τὴν πατρίδα, οἷς οὐκ ἂν δικαιώσωσιν ὡς μεταβεβλημένοις τὴν φύσιν ἀπιστεῖν.
In addition to these, praising harmony and peace, and explaining of how great happiness each of these is the cause to cities, and accusing faction and civil wars, from which he showed that cities had been destroyed with their inhabitants and whole nations had perished; and exhorting them not to choose the worse before the better, giving way to anger, but from prudent calculation to look to the future, nor to use the worst of the citizens as counselors when deliberating on the greatest matters, but those who seemed to them to be the best, by whom they knew the fatherland had been greatly benefited both in peace and in war, whom they would not be justified in distrusting as if they had changed their nature.
§7.60.3ἓν δὲ κεφάλαιον ἦν ἁπάντων τῶν λόγων, μηδεμίαν αὐτοὺς ἐπενεγκεῖν κατὰ τοῦ Μαρκίου ψῆφον, ἀλλὰ μάλιστα μὲν διʼ αὐτὸν ἀφεῖναι τῆς δίκης τὸν ἄνδρα ἀναμιμνησκομένους, οἷος εἰς τὰ κοινὰ ἐγένετο καὶ ὅσους κατώρθωσεν ὑπὲρ τῆς κοινῆς ἐλευθερίας τε καὶ ἡγεμονίας πολέμους, καὶ ὡς οὔτε ὅσια οὔτε δίκαια οὔτε προσήκοντα σφίσι ποιήσουσι, λόγων μὲν αὐτῷ μνησικακοῦντες φαύλων, ἔργων δʼ §7.60.4ἀχαριστοῦντες καλῶν.
And the sum of all his words was that they should cast no vote against Marcius, but, best of all, for his own sake to acquit the man of the trial, remembering what kind of man he had been toward the public and how many wars he had successfully conducted for the common liberty and supremacy, and that they would do what was neither holy nor just nor becoming to them, if they harbored resentment against him for worthless words, but showed ingratitude for noble deeds.
εἶναι δὲ καὶ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς ἀφέσεως καλόν, ὅτε γʼ αὐτὸς ἥκει παρέχων τὸ σῶμα τοῖς διαφόροις καὶ στέρξων, ὅ τι ἂν ἐκεῖνοι περὶ αὐτοῦ διαγνῶσιν.
He added that the opportunity for acquittal was also good, since he himself had come, presenting his body to his adversaries and willing to acquiesce in whatever they should decide concerning him.
εἰ δʼ οὐχ οἷοί τέ εἰσι διαλύσασθαι πρὸς ἐκεῖνον, ἀλλὰ χαλεπῶς καὶ ἀπαραιτήτως ἔχουσιν, ἐνθυμηθέντας, ὅτι ἡ βουλὴ δεησομένη περὶ αὐτοῦ πάρεισιν, ἄνδρες οἱ κράτιστοι τῆς πόλεως τριακόσιοι, παθεῖν τι καὶ ἐπικλασθῆναι τὰς γνώμας, καὶ μὴ διʼ ἑνὸς ἐχθροῦ τιμωρίαν τοσούτων δέησιν ἀπώσασθαι φίλων, ἀλλὰ πολλῶν καὶ ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν χάριτι δίκην ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς ὑπεριδεῖν.
But if they were unable to reconcile with him, but remained harsh and inexorable, they should consider that the senate was present to entreat for him, three hundred of the best men of the city, and that they should feel something and relent in their minds, and not, for the punishment of one enemy, reject the entreaty of so many friends, but out of favor to many good men, overlook the trial of one man.
ταῦτα καὶ παραπλήσια τούτοις εἰπὼν τελευταῖον ἐκεῖνον ἐπέθηκε τὸν λόγον, ὅτι ψήφου μὲν ἐπαχθείσης, ἐὰν ἀπολύσωσι τὸν ἄνδρα, διὰ τὸ μηδὲν ἀδικεῖσθαι τὸν δῆμον ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ δόξουσιν ἀφεικέναι· §7.60.5ἐὰν δὲ κωλύσωσιν ἐπιτελεσθῆναι τὴν δίκην τοῖς δεομένοις ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ φανήσονται κεχαρισμένοι.
Having said these and similar things, he lastly added this argument: that if the vote were taken and they acquitted the man, they would seem to have released him because the people had suffered no wrong from him; but if they prevented the trial from being completed, they would appear to have granted a favor to those who entreated on his behalf.

Notes

  1. §7.60.1συγχωρηθέντος δʼ αὐτοῖς καὶ τούτου μόγις ὑπὸ τῶν πατρικίων — Genitive absolute construction. The subject is the following `καὶ τούτου`, referring to the concession of the trial by tribes mentioned in the previous section. `αὐτοῖς` is a dative of agent or interest ("to/by them", i.e., the tribunes or the people).
  2. §7.60.2οἷς οὐκ ἂν δικαιώσωσιν ὡς μεταβεβλημένοις τὴν φύσιν ἀπιστεῖν — Structure within the relative clause. The relative pronoun `οἷς` is the dative object governed by the infinitive `ἀπιστεῖν`. `ὡς μεταβεβλημένοις` is a dative participle agreeing with `οἷς`, and with `ὡς` it expresses a subjective assumption or allegation ("as if they had changed"). `τὴν φύσιν` is an accusative of specification ("with respect to their nature").
  3. §7.60.3μηδεμίαν αὐτοὺς ἐπενεγκεῖν κατὰ τοῦ Μαρκίου ψῆφον — Accusative with infinitive clause acting in apposition to or explaining the content of the main subject at the beginning of the sentence, `ἓν δὲ κεφάλαιον` ("and the one chief point"). `αὐτούς` is the subject accusative of the infinitive `ἐπενεγκεῖν`.
  4. §7.60.4ἐνθυμηθέντας ... παθεῖν τι καὶ ἐπικλασθῆναι τὰς γνώμας — The infinitives of indirect command/exhortation, `παθεῖν` and `ἐπικλασθῆναι`, continue the reported speech of the consul's appeal. `ἐνθυμηθέντας` is an accusative plural participle agreeing with the unexpressed subject accusative of these infinitives (the people), taking the following `ὅτι` clause as its object.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §7.60.1-7.60.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.60.1-7.60.5

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