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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §6.63.1-6.63.4

Appius on Dismissing Foreign Threats and Raising Troops

Passage 469 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Appius argues that the fear of the fugitives and foreign nations is groundless, and proposes raising a force by freeing slaves, granting debt relief individually to the remaining plebeians, and recalling garrisons and colonists. He emphasizes Rome's abundant manpower and the potential support of the Latin cities by granting them equal citizenship.

§6.63.1ὧν μὲν ὀὴ χάριν τὸν ἐκ τῶν φυγάδων πόλεμον οὐκ ἀξιῶ δεδιέναι ταῦτʼ ἐστι· τὰ δʼ ἐκ τῶν ἀλλοεθνῶν φοβερὰ οὐ νῦν πρῶτον ἐξετασθήσεται μέχρι λόγου τοιαῦτα ὄντα, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρότερον, ὁσάκις ἡμῖν πεῖραν ἑαυτῶν ἔδωκαν, ἐλάττω τῆς δόξης διεφάνη.
These, then, are the reasons why I do not think we should fear the war from the fugitives; and as for the fearsome threats from foreign nations, this is not the first time they will be examined and found to be such only in words, but in the past also, as often as they gave us a trial of themselves, they appeared less than their reputation. and as for the fearsome threats from foreign nations, this is not the first time they will be examined and found to be such only in words, but in the past also, as often as they gave us a trial of themselves, they appeared less than their reputation.
ὅσοι δʼ οὐχ ἱκανὴν οἴονται τὴν οἰκείαν δύναμιν τῆς πόλεως καὶ τῇδε μάλιστα ὀρρωδοῦσι τὸν πόλεμον, μαθέτωσαν οὐχ ἱκανῶς αὐτῆς ᾐσθημένοι.
But those who think that the city’s own power is insufficient, and for this reason especially dread the war, let them learn that they have not sufficiently understood it. But those who think that the city’s own power is insufficient, and for this reason especially dread the war, let them learn that they have not sufficiently understood it.
§6.63.2πρὸς μέν γε τοὺς ἀφεστηκότας τῶν πολιτῶν ἀντίπαλον χεῖρα ἕξομεν, εἰ βουλοίμεθα τῶν θεραπόντων ἐπιλεξάμενοι τοὺς ἀκμαιοτάτους ἐλευθερῶσαι. κρεῖττον γὰρ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν χαρίσασθαι τούτοις ἢ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ὑπʼ ἐκείνων ἀφαιρεθῆναι. ἔχουσι δὲ τῶν πολεμικῶν ἐμπειρίαν ἱκανὴν πολλάκις ἡμῖν παραγενόμενοι κατὰ τὰς στρατείας.
For against those citizens who have revolted we shall have an opposing force, if we are willing to choose the most vigorous of our slaves and set them free. For against those citizens who have revolted we shall have an opposing force, if we are willing to choose the most vigorous of our slaves and set them free. For it is better to grant freedom to these than to be deprived of our supremacy by those. For it is better to grant freedom to these than to be deprived of our supremacy by those. And they have sufficient experience in military affairs, having often accompanied us on our campaigns. And they have sufficient experience in military affairs, having often accompanied us on our campaigns.
§6.63.3πρὸς δὲ τοὺς ἔξωθεν πολεμίους αὐτοί τε χωρῶμεν ἁπάσῃ προθυμίᾳ καὶ τοὺς πελάτας ἅπαντας ἐπαγώμεθα καὶ τοῦ δημοτικοῦ τὸ περιόν. ἵνα δὲ πρόθυμον ᾗ πρὸς τοὺς ἀγῶνας, ἄφεσιν αὐτῷ χαρισώμεθα τῶν χρεῶν, μὴ κοινήν, ἀλλὰ κατʼ ἄνδρα. εἰ γάρ τι δεῖ τοῖς καιροῖς εἴξαντας μετριάσαι, μὴ πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους τῶν πσλιτῶν τοῦτʼ ἔστω τὸ μέτριον, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοὺς φίλους, οἷς οὐκ ἀναγκαζόμενοι τὰς χάριτας διδόναι δόξομεν, ἀλλὰ πειθόμενοι. ἐὰν δὲ καὶ ἄλλης ἐπιδέῃ βοηθείας, ὡς ταύτης οὐκ οὔσης ἱκανῆς, τούς τʼ ἐκ τῶν φρουρίων μεταπεμπώμεθα, καὶ τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἀποικίαις ἀνακαλῶμεν.
And against the enemies from without, let us ourselves march with all enthusiasm, and let us bring along all our clients and the remaining part of the common people. And against the enemies from without, let us ourselves march with all enthusiasm, and let us bring along all our clients and the remaining part of the common people. And in order that they may be enthusiastic for the struggles, let us grant them a discharge of their debts, not in common, but man by man. And in order that they may be enthusiastic for the struggles, let us grant them a discharge of their debts, not in common, but man by man. For if it is at all necessary to yield to the times and show moderation, let this moderation be shown not toward those citizens who are enemies, but toward those who are friends, to whom we shall seem to grant these favors not because we are forced, but because we are persuaded. For if it is at all necessary to yield to the times and show moderation, let this moderation be shown not toward those citizens who are enemies, but toward those who are friends, to whom we shall seem to grant these favors not because we are forced, but because we are persuaded. And if we should stand in need of still further assistance, on the ground that this is not sufficient, let us send for the forces from the garrisons, and let us recall those in the colonies. And if we should stand in need of still further assistance, on the ground that this is not sufficient, let us send for the forces from the garrisons, and let us recall those in the colonies.
§6.63.4τοῦτο δʼ ὅσον ἐστὶ πλῆθος ἐκ τῆς ἔγγιστα γενομένης τιμήσεως μαθεῖν ῥᾴδιον ἂν εἴη. τρισκαίδεκα μυριάδες εἰσὶ Ῥωμαίων τῶν ἐν ἥβῃ τετιμημένων, ὧν οὐκ ἂν εἴη μέρος ἕβδομον τὸ φυγαδικόν. οὐ λέγω δὲ τὰς Λατίνων τριάκοντα πόλεις, αἳ μετὰ πολλῆς εὐχῆς δέξαιντʼ ἂν τοὺς ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἀγῶνας διὰ τὸ συγγενές, ἐὰν ψηφίσησθε αὐταῖς ἰσοπολιτείαν μόνον, ἧς αἰεὶ διατελοῦσι δεόμεναι.
And how great a multitude this is, it would be easy to learn from the census recently taken. And how great a multitude this is, it would be easy to learn from the census recently taken. There are a hundred and thirty thousand Romans registered as having reached the age of manhood, of whom the fugitives would not make up even a seventh part. There are a hundred and thirty thousand Romans registered as having reached the age of manhood, of whom the fugitives would not make up even a seventh part. And I say nothing of the thirty cities of the Latins, who, because of their kinship, would most gladly undertake the struggles on our behalf if only you should vote to grant them equal rights of citizenship, which they are constantly requesting. And I say nothing of the thirty cities of the Latins, who, because of their kinship, would most gladly undertake the struggles on our behalf if only you should vote to grant them equal rights of citizenship, which they are constantly requesting.

Notes

  1. 6.63.1μαθέτωσαν οὐχ ἱκανῶς αὐτῆς ᾐσθημένοι — The verb μανθάνω ("learn" or "understand") takes a supplementary participle in indirect discourse; here ᾐσθημένοι (perfect middle-passive participle of αἰσθάνομαι) acts as this participle, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the subject of the imperative μαθέτωσαν.
  2. 6.63.2εἰ βουλοίμεθα τῶν θεραπόντων ἐπιλεξάμενοι τοὺς ἀκμαιοτάτους ἐλευθερῶσαι — The conditional clause with εἰ and the optative (βουλοίμεθα) is combined with a future indicative (ἕξομεν) in the apodosis, indicating that the bold measure of freeing slaves is framed as a potential or cautious hypothesis rather than an immediate reality.
  3. 6.63.3εἰ γάρ τι δεῖ τοῖς καιροῖς εἴξαντας μετριάσαι — The aorist active participle εἴξαντας (from εἴκω, "to yield") is in the accusative plural, agreeing with the omitted subject accusative (such as ἡμᾶς) of the impersonal verb δεῖ.
  4. 6.63.4ὧν οὐκ ἂν εἴη μέρος ἕβδομον τὸ φυγαδικόν — The relative pronoun ὧν (genitive plural masculine) refers back to the preceding Ῥωμαίων and functions as a partitive genitive dependent on μέρος ἕβδομον ("a seventh part").

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §6.63.1-6.63.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.63.1-6.63.4

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