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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §5.32.1-5.32.4

Roman Proposal for Porsenna's Arbitration and the Truce

Passage 361 of 962 · Greek

Summary

While the senate voted to accept all of King Porsina's demands, the people refused only the restoration of the property, sending hostages along with a proposal for the king himself to act as arbitrator. Porsina gladly accepted this, concluded a truce, and commenced the trial.

§5.32.1ἀφικομένης δὲ τῆς πρεσβείας εἰς Ῥώμην ἡ βουλὴ μὲν ἐψηφίσατο Ποπλικόλᾳ θατέρῳ τῶν ὑπάτων πεισθεῖσα πάντα συγχωρεῖν, ὅσα ὁ Τυρρηνὸς ἠξίου, κάμνειν τὸν δημότην καὶ ἄπορον ὄχλον οἰομένη τῇ σπάνει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων, καὶ ἀγαπητῶς δέξεσθαι τὴν τοῦ πολέμου λύσιν, ἐφʼ οἷς ἂν γένηται δικαίοις.
When the embassy arrived in Rome, the senate, persuaded by Poplicola, one of the consuls, voted to concede all that the Tyrrhenian demanded, thinking that the common people and the needy multitude were suffering from the scarcity of provisions, and that they would gladly welcome the end of the war, on whatever terms it might be brought about.
§5.32.2ὁ δὲ δῆμος τὰ μὲν ἄλλα τοῦ προβουλεύματος ἐψηφίσατο κύρια εἶναι, τὴν δʼ ἀπόδοσιν τῶν χρημάτων οὐκ ἠνέσχετο, ἀλλὰ τἀναντία ἔγνω, μήτʼ ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων μήτʼ ἐκ τῶν κοινῶν τοῖς τυράννοις μηδὲν ἀποδιδόναι, πρεσβευτὰς δὲ περὶ τούτων πρὸς βασιλέα Πορσίναν ἀποστεῖλαι, οἵτινες ἀξιώσουσιν αὐτὸν τὰ μὲν ὅμηρα καὶ τὴν χώραν παραλαβεῖν, περὶ δὲ τῶν χρημάτων αὐτὸν δικαστὴν γενόμενον Ταρκυνίοις τε καὶ Ῥωμαίοις, ὅταν ἀμφοτέρων ἀκούσῃ κρῖναι τὰ δίκαια μήτε χάριτι μήτʼ §5.32.3ἔχθρᾳ παραχθέντα.
But the people voted that the other parts of the preliminary decree should be valid, but would not brook the restoration of the property, and decided on the contrary to restore nothing to the tyrants, either from private or public resources, and to send ambassadors concerning these matters to King Porsina, who should request him to receive the hostages and the territory, but with regard to the property, that he himself, becoming an arbitrator between the Tarquins and the Romans, should, when he had heard both sides, decide what was just, influenced neither by favor nor hostility, decide what was right.
ἀπῄεσαν οἱ Τυρρηνοὶ τὰς ἀποκρίσεις ταύτας πρὸς βασιλέα κομίζοντες καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς οἱ κατασταθέντες ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου πρέσβεις ἄγοντες ἐκ τῶν πρώτων οἰκιῶν εἴκοσι παῖδας, οὓς ἔδει περὶ τῆς πατρίδος ὁμηρεῦσαι, τῶν ὑπάτων πρώτων τὰ τέκνα ἐπιδόντων, Μάρκου μὲν Ὁρατίου τὸν υἱόν, Ποπλίου δὲ Οὐαλερίου τὴν θυγατέρα γάμων ἔχουσαν ὥραν.
The Tyrrhenians departed carrying these answers to the king, and with them the ambassadors appointed by the people, leading twenty children from the first houses, who were to serve as hostages for their country, the consuls being the first to offer their own children—Marcus Horatius his son, and Publius Valerius his daughter, who was of marriageable age.
§5.32.4ἀφικομένων δὲ τούτων ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον ἥσθη τε ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ πολλὰ τοὺς Ῥωμαίους ἐπαινέσας ἀνοχὰς σπένδεται πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἰς ὡρισμένον τινὰ ἡμερῶν ἀριθμὸν καὶ τὴν δίκην αὐτὸς ἀναδέχεται δικάζειν.
When these had arrived at the camp, the king was pleased and, after highly praising the Romans, concluded a truce with them for a certain number of days and himself undertook to judge the case.
Ταρκύνιοι δʼ ἤχθοντο μὲν ἀπὸ μειζόνων ἐκπεσόντες ἐλπίδων, ἃς εἶχον ἐπὶ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καταχθῆναι δόξαντες ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπʼ ἐκείνου, στέργειν δὲ τὰ παρόντα ἠναγκάζοντο καὶ τὰ δεδομένα δέχεσθαι.
The Tarquins were indeed grieved at being disappointed of the greater hopes they had placed in the king, having expected to be restored to power by him; but they were forced to acquiesce in the present situation and to accept what was granted.
ἀφικομένων δʼ εἰς τὸν ὁρισθέντα χρόνον ἐκ τῆς πόλεως τῶν ἀπολογησομένων τὴν δίκην καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς βουλῆς τῶν πρεσβυτάτων, καθίσας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος ὁ βασιλεὺς μετὰ τῶν φίλων καὶ τὸν υἱὸν συνδικάζειν κελεύσας ἀπέδωκεν αὐτοῖς λόγον.
And when, at the appointed time, those from the city who were to plead their cause and the eldest of the senators arrived, the king, having seated himself upon the tribunal with his friends and having ordered his son to assist him in judging, granted them a hearing.

Notes

  1. ¦916¦κάμνειν τὸν δημότην καὶ ἄπορον ὄχλον οἰομένη τῇ σπάνει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων, καὶ ἀγαπητῶς δέξεσθαι τὴν τοῦ πολέμου λύσιν — The present participle οἰομένη (modifying the subject ἡ βουλὴ) governs two infinitive clauses: the present infinitive κάμνειν (expressing a present state) and the future infinitive δέξεσθαι (expressing a future expectation). The accusative τὸν δημότην καὶ ἄπορον ὄχλον serves as the subject of κάμνειν and is understood as the subject of δέξεσθαι as well.
  2. §5.32.2οἵτινες ἀξιώσουσιν — The future indicative ἀξιώσουσιν with the relative pronoun οἵτινες (with πρεσβευτάς as its antecedent) forms a relative clause of purpose ('ambassadors who should request / to request').
  3. ¦917¦τῶν ὑπάτων πρώτων τὰ τέκνα ἐπιδόντων — Genitive absolute. The adjective πρώτων is used adverbially, indicating that the consuls were the very 'first' to offer their children before anyone else.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §5.32.1-5.32.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.32.1-5.32.4

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