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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §5.30.1-5.30.3

Arruns's Proposal for Peace and Porsenna's Decision

Passage 359 of 962 · Greek

Summary

After hearing Mucius's warning, Porsenna orders him guarded and consults with his son Arruns and trusted friends. Arruns suggests making peace and forming an alliance with the Romans, and the king agrees but insists that the proposal must come from the enemy to preserve his honor.

§5.30.1ὡ δὲ ταῦτʼ ἤκουσεν ὁ βασιλεύς, ἐκεῖνον μὲν ἀπαγαγόντας τοὺς δορυφόρους ἐκέλευσε δῆσαι καὶ φυλάττειν ἐπιμελῶς· αὐτὸς δὲ τοὺς πιστοτάτους τῶν φίλων παραλαβὼν καὶ τὸν υἱὸν Ἄρροντα παρακαθισάμενος, μετʼ ἐκείνων ἐσκόπει, τί ποιῶν τὰς ἐπιβουλὰς αὐτῶν διακρούσεται.
When the king heard these things, he ordered the guards to lead him away, to bind him, and to guard him carefully; but he himself, having taken the most faithful of his friends and having seated his son Arruns beside him, considered with them by doing what he might ward off their plots.
§5.30.2τῶν μὲν οὖν ἄλλων ἕκαστος εὐήθεις ἀσφαλείας λέγων ἐδόκει τῶν δεόντων φρονεῖν οὐδέν· ὁ δʼ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ τελευταίαν ἀπεφήνατο γνώμην πρεσβυτέραν τῆς ἡλικίας, ἀξιῶν αὐτὸν μὴ σκοπεῖν, τίσι φυλακαῖς χρώμενος οὐδὲν πείσεται δεινόν, ἀλλὰ τί ποιῶν οὐ δεήσεται φυλακῆς·
Now, while each of the others, by proposing foolish measures of safety, seemed to think nothing of what was necessary, his son at last declared an opinion too mature for his age, urging him not to consider by using what guards he would suffer no harm, but by doing what he would have no need of guards.
θαυμασάντων δὲ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτοῦ πάντων καὶ πῶς ἂν τοῦτο γένοιτο μαθεῖν βουλομένων, Εἰ φίλους ἀντὶ πολεμίων, ἔφη, ποιήσαιο τοὺς ἄνδρας, τιμιωτέραν ἡγησάμενος τὴν σεαυτοῦ ψυχὴν τῆς καθόδου τῶν σὺν Ταρκυνίῳ φυγάδων. §5.30.3καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς τὰ κράτιστα μὲν ἔφησεν αὐτὸν λέγειν, βουλῆς δʼ εἶναι ἄξιον τὸ πρᾶγμα, πῶς εὐπρεπεῖς γενήσονται πρὸς αὐτοὺς αἱ διαλλαγαί· μεγάλην αἰσχύνην φάσκων εἶναι, εἰ κρατήσας αὐτῶν μάχῃ καὶ τειχήρεις ἔχων ἀπελεύσεται, μηθὲν ὧν Ταρκυνίοις ὑπέσχετο διαπραξάμενος, ὥσπερ ἡττημένος ὑπὸ τῶν νενικημένων καὶ πεφευγὼς τοὺς μηδʼ ἐκ τῶν πυλῶν ὑπομένοντας ἔτι προελθεῖν·
When all had admired his intellect and wished to learn how this could be done, he said, "If, regarding your own life as more precious than the restoration of the exiles with Tarquinius, you should make these men your friends instead of enemies." And the king said that he spoke most excellently, but that the matter deserved deliberation as to how the reconciliation with them could be made honorable; for he declared it would be a great disgrace if, after defeating them in battle and keeping them shut up within their walls, he should depart without having accomplished any of the things he had promised to the Tarquinii, just as if he had been defeated by the vanquished and had fled from those who no longer even ventured to come forth from their gates.
μίαν δὲ μόνην ἔσεσθαι ἀποφαίνων καλὴν τῆς ἔχθρας λύσιν, εἰ παρὰ τῶν πολεμίων παραγένοιντό τινες πρὸς αὐτὸν περὶ φιλίας διαλεγόμενοι.
He pointed out that there would be only one honorable solution to the enmity, if some should come to him from the enemy to treat for friendship.

Notes

  1. 5.30.1ἀπαγαγόντας — An aorist participle in the accusative plural masculine, agreeing with τοὺς δορυφόρους, which functions as the subject accusative of the infinitives δῆσαι and φυλάττειν governed by ἐκέλευσε. It specifies that the guards are the ones who are to lead Mucius away.
  2. 913Εἰ ... ποιήσαιο — A conditional clause with the optative (εἰ + optative), representing a potential or hypothetical condition. It functions as an answer to the preceding question of "how this could happen", with the apodosis (such as "it would be possible" with ἄν + optative) being elliptically omitted.
  3. 5.30.3τειχήρεις ἔχων — The participle ἔχων ("having" or "holding") takes the accusative plural adjective τειχήρεις ("walled in", "shut up") as a predicative accusative referring to the besieged Romans (αὐτῶν), meaning "holding them shut up within their walls."
  4. 5.30.3τοὺς μηδʼ ἐκ τῶν πυλῶν ὑπομένοντας ἔτι προελθεῖν — The negative particle μηδέ negates the infinitive προελθεῖν ("even to come forth"). The participle ὑπομένοντας (from ὑπομένω, "to venture", "to dare", "to endure") refers to the Romans who "do not even venture to come out of their gates anymore," emphasizing their fear and defensive position.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §5.30.1-5.30.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.30.1-5.30.3

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