§2.6.1τότε δʼ οὖν ὁ Ῥωμύλος ἐπειδὴ τὰ παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου βέβαια προσέλαβε, συγκαλέσας τὸν δῆμον εἰς ἐκκλησίαν καὶ τὰ μαντεῖα δηλώσας βασιλεὺς ἀποδείκνυται πρὸς αὐτῶν καὶ κατεστήσατο ἐν ἔθει τοῖς μετʼ αὐτὸν ἅπασι μήτε βασιλείας μήτε ἀρχὰς λαμβάνειν, ἐὰν μὴ καὶ τὸ δαιμόνιον αὐτοῖς ἐπιθεσπίσῃ, διέμεινέ τε μέχρι πολλοῦ φυλαττόμενον ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων τὸ περὶ τοὺς οἰωνισμοὺς νόμιμον, οὐ μόνον βασιλευομένης τῆς πόλεως, ἀλλὰ καὶ μετὰ κατάλυσιν τῶν μονάρχων ἐν ὑπάτων καὶ στρατηγῶν καὶ τῶν §2.6.2ἄλλων τῶν κατὰ νόμους ἀρχόντων αἱρέσει.
Then, therefore, Romulus, when he had received confirmation from the deity, having called the people to an assembly and declared the auspices, was declared king by them; and he established it as a custom for all his successors that they should receive neither sovereignty nor offices unless the deity should also give them an auspicious sign. And this custom concerning auguries remained for a long time observed by the Romans, not only while the city was ruled by kings, but also after the overthrow of the monarchs, in the election of consuls, praetors, and the other magistrates according to the laws.
πέπαυται δʼ ἐν τοῖς καθʼ ἡμᾶς χρόνοις, πλὴν οἷον εἰκών τις αὐτοῦ λείπεται τῆς ὁσίας αὐτῆς ἕνεκα γινομένη.
But it has ceased in our times, except that a sort of shadow of it remains, performed for the sake of the religious duty itself.
ἐπαυλίζονται μὲν γὰρ οἱ τὰς ἀρχὰς μέλλοντες λαμβάνειν καὶ περὶ τὸν ὄρθρον ἀνιστάμενοι ποιοῦνταί τινας εὐχὰς ὑπαίθριοι, τῶν δὲ παρόντων τινὲς ὀρνιθοσκόπων μισθὸν ἐκ τοῦ δημοσίου φερόμενοι ἀστραπὴν αὐτοῖς μηνύειν ἐκ τῶν ἀριστερῶν φασιν τὴν οὐ §2.6.3γενομένην.
For those who are about to assume offices pass the night in tents and, rising about dawn, offer certain prayers in the open air, and some of the augurs present, who receive pay from the public treasury, declare to them lightning from the left which did not actually occur.
οἱ δὲ τὸν ἐκ τῆς φωνῆς οἰωνὸν λαβόντες ἀπέρχονται τὰς ἀρχὰς παραληψόμενοι οἱ μὲν αὐτὸ τοῦθʼ ἱκανὸν ὑπολαμβάνοντες εἶναι τὸ μηδένα γενέσθαι τῶν ἐναντιουμένων τε καὶ κωλυόντων οἰωνῶν, οἱ δὲ καὶ παρὰ τὸ βούλημα τοῦ θεοῦ κωλύοντος, ἔστι γὰρ ὅτε βιαζόμενοι καὶ τὰς ἀρχὰς ἁρπάζοντες μᾶλλον ἢ λαμβάνοντες.
And they, having received the omen from the voice, depart to take up their offices, some of them supposing this very thing to be sufficient, that no opposing or preventing omen has appeared, and others even contrary to the will of the god who prevents, for sometimes they force their way and snatch their offices rather than receive them.
§2.6.4δι’ οὓς πολλαὶ μὲν ἐν γῇ στρατιαὶ Ῥωμαίων ἀπώλοντο πανώλεθροι, πολλοὶ δʼ ἐν θαλάττῃ στόλοι διεφθάρησαν αὔτανδροι, ἄλλαι τε μεγάλαι καὶ δειναὶ περιπέτειαι τῇ πόλει συνέπεσον αἱ μὲν ἐν ὀθνείοις πολέμοις, αἱ δὲ κατὰ τὰς ἐμφυλίους διχοστασίας, ἐμφανεστάτη δὲ καὶ μεγίστη καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ἡλικίαν, ὅτε Λικίννιος Κρᾶσσος ἀνὴρ οὐδενὸς δεύτερος τῶν καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ἡγεμόνων στρατιὰν ἦγεν ἐπὶ τὸ Πάρθων ἔθνος, ἐναντιουμένου τοῦ δαιμονίου πολλὰ χαίρειν φράσας τοῖς ἀποτρέπουσι τὴν ἔξοδον οἰωνοῖς μυρίοις ὅσοις γενομένοις.
By reason of these men, many Roman armies have utterly perished on land, and many fleets have been destroyed with all their men at sea, and other great and terrible disasters have befallen the city, some in foreign wars and others in civil dissentions; and the most conspicuous and greatest happened also in my own time, when Licinius Crassus, a man second to none of the commanders of his age, led an army against the Parthian nation, and though the deity opposed him in many ways, he bid farewell to the countless omens that occurred to avert his departure.
ἀλλʼ ὑπὲρ μὲν τῆς εἰς τὸ δαιμόνιον ὀλιγωρίας, ᾗ χρῶνταί τινες ἐν τοῖς καθʼ ἡμᾶς χρόνοις, πολὺ ἔργον ἂν εἴη λέγειν.
But concerning the neglect of the deity which some practice in our times, it would be a long task to speak.