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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §19.16.1-19.16.5

Fabricius Rejects Pyrrhus's Gifts and Praises Virtue

Passage 943 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Fabricius explains that soul-based virtues, not material wealth, are truly valuable, asserting that since he chose honor over spoils in past campaigns, he will not accept King Pyrrhus's gifts, warning of the strict moral scrutiny of the Roman censors.

§19.16.1νὴ Δίʼ, ἀλλʼ οὐ περίεστί μοι τοῖς πλησίον ἐπαρκεῖν, οὐδʼ ἐκ περιουσίας ἐπιστήμην ἔδωκέ μοι ὁ θεὸς ἔχειν οὐδὲ μαντικήν, αἷς ὠφέλουν ἂν τοὺς δεομένους, οὐδʼ ἄλλα πολλά·
"By Zeus, indeed, I do not have any surplus to assist my neighbors, nor has God granted me to possess from an abundance of wealth any knowledge or prophetic art, by which I might have helped those in need, nor many other things.
ἃ δʼ ἐστὶν ἐν ἐμοί, τούτων μεταδιδοὺς καὶ πόλει καὶ φίλοις, καὶ ἀφʼ ὧν δύναμαι ποιεῖν εὖ τινας, ταῦτα κοινὰ τοῖς δεομένοις παρέχων, οὐκ ἂν ἡγησαίμην αἴτιον ἐμαυτόν.
But as for the things that are in my power, by sharing these with both my city and my friends, and by providing from what resources I can to do good to some, making these common to those in need, I would not consider myself to be at fault.
ταῦτα δʼ ἐστίν, ἃ σὺ κράτιστα νομίζεις εἶναι καὶ πολλῶν §19.16.2χρημάτων αἰτεῖς πρίασθαι.
And these are the very things which you think to be most excellent, and which you ask to purchase with much money.
εἰ δὲ δὴ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα διὰ τὰς εὐεργεσίας τῶν δεομένων τὸ πολλὰ κεκτῆσθαι χρήματα μεγάλης ἦν σπουδῆς καὶ φιλοτιμίας ἄξιον, καὶ μακαριωτάτους ὑπῆρχεν εἶναι τοὺς πλουσιωτάτους, ὡς τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ὑμῖν δοκεῖ, πότερος ἦν μοι τρόπος εὐπορίας κρείττων;
But if indeed, above all, because of doing good to those in need, the possession of much wealth were worthy of great care and ambition, and it were a established fact that the richest are the happiest, as it seems to you kings, which way of acquiring wealth would have been better for me?
ἀφʼ ὧν σύ μοι νῦν μεταδίδως αἰσχρῶς ἢ ἀφʼ ὧν αὐτὸς ἐκτησάμην καλῶς πρότερον;
From those things which you now disgracefully share with me, or from those which I myself might have honorably acquired before?
§19.16.3παρέσχε γάρ μοι τὰ πολιτικὰ πράγματα χρηματισμῶν ἀφορμὰς δικαίας, πολλάκις μὲν καὶ πρότερον, μάλιστα δʼ, ἐπεὶ ἐπὶ Σαυνίτας καὶ Λευκανοὺς καὶ Βρεττίους στρατιὰν ἄγων ἐστάλην τετάρτῳ πρότερον ἐνιαυτῷ τὴν ὕπατον ἀρχὴν ἔχων, καὶ πολλὴν μὲν χώραν ἐλεηλάτησα, πολλαῖς δὲ μάχαις τοὺς ἀντιταξαμένους ἐνίκησα, πολλὰς δὲ καὶ εὐδαίμονας πόλεις κατὰ κράτος ἑλὼν ἐξεπόρθησα, ἐξ ὧν τὴν στρατιὰν ἅπασαν ἐπλούτισα, καὶ τὰς εἰσφορὰς τοῖς ἰδιώταις, ἃς εἰς τὸν πόλεμον προεισήνεγκαν, ἀπέδωκα, καὶ τετρακόσια τάλαντα μετὰ τὸν θρίαμβον εἰς τὸ ταμιεῖον εἰσήνεγκα.
For public affairs provided me with just opportunities for making money, both many times before, and especially when, holding the consulship four years earlier, I was sent leading an army against the Samnites, Lucanians, and Bruttians; and I ravaged much territory, and defeated in many battles those who opposed me, and took by storm and plundered many wealthy cities, from which I enriched the entire army, and repaid to private citizens the taxes which they had previously contributed for the war, and brought four hundred talents into the treasury after my triumph.
§19.16.4ἔπειτʼ ἐκείνων τῶν δορικτήτων ἐξόν μοι λαβεῖν ὁπόσʼ ἂν ἐβουλόμην οὐ λαβών, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου πλοῦτον ὑπεριδὼν ἕνεκα δόξης, ὡς Οὐαλέριος Ποπλικόλας ἐποίησε καὶ ἄλλοι πλεῖστοι πρὸς τούτῳ συχνοί, διʼ οὓς ἡ πόλις ἡμῶν τηλικαύτη γέγονε, τὰς παρὰ σοῦ δέξομαι δωρεὰς καὶ ἀντὶ τῆς κρείττονος εὐπορίας ἀλλάξομαι τὴν χείρονα;
When, therefore, it was open to me to take as much as I wished of those spoils of war, and I did not take it, but even looked down upon wealth justly acquired for the sake of glory—just as Valerius Poplicola did, and very many others besides him, through whom our city has become so great—shall I accept the gifts from you and exchange the better abundance for the worse?
ἐκείνῃ μέν γε τῇ κτήσει καὶ τὸ μεθʼ ἡδονῆς ποιεῖσθαι τὰς ἀπολαύσεις πρὸς τῷ καλῶς καὶ δικαίως προσῆν· ταύτης δὲ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἄπεστι.
For to that acquisition, in addition to being honorable and just, there was also attached the enjoyment of pleasures; but from this one, even that is absent.
δανείσματα γάρ ἐστιν, ὅσα προσλαμβάνουσιν ἄνθρωποι παρʼ ἑτέρων, βαρύνοντα τὴν ψυχὴν ἕως ἂν ἀποδοθῇ, κἂν ὀνόμασι καλοῖς αὐτὰ κοσμήσῃ τις, φιλανθρωπίας καλῶν καὶ δωρεὰς ἢ χάριτας.
For all things that men receive from others are loans, which weigh down the soul until they are paid back, even if one adorns them with beautiful names, calling them acts of humanity, gifts, or favors.
§19.16.5φέρε, ἐὰν δὴ μανεὶς δέξωμαι χρυσόν, ὃν δίδως μοι, καὶ τοῦθʼ ἅπασι Ῥωμαίοις γένηται φανερόν, ἔπειθʼ οἱ τὴν ἀνυπεύθυνον ἔχοντες ἀρχήν, οὓς ἡμεῖς τιμητὰς καλοῦμεν, οἷς ἀποδέδοται τοὺς ἁπάντων Ῥωμαίων ἐξετάζειν βίους καὶ τοὺς ἐκβαίνοντας ἐκ τῶν πατρίων ἐθῶν ζημιοῦν, καλέσαντές με λόγον ἀποδοῦναι κελεύσωσι τῆς δωροδοκίας, ἁπάντων παρόντων ταῦτα προφερόμενοι. ετ 308, 11 — 16
Come now, if indeed I should be so mad as to accept the gold which you offer me, and this should become manifest to all Romans, and then those who hold the unaccountable office, whom we call censors, to whom it is assigned to examine the lives of all Romans and to punish those who depart from ancestral customs, should summon me and command me to render an account of this acceptance of gifts, bringing forward these charges in the presence of everyone? et 308, 11 — 16"

Notes

  1. 18.16αἷς ὠφέλουν ἂν — The relative pronoun `αἷς` (dative feminine plural) refers to the antecedents `ἐπιστήμην` (knowledge) and `μαντικήν` (prophetic art). Combined with the imperfect indicative `ὠφέλουν` and the particle `ἄν`, it forms a past counterfactual (or past potential) expression: "by which I would have helped those in need (but in fact could not, as I possessed neither)."
  2. 18ἐξόν — The neuter accusative singular present participle of the impersonal verb `ἔξεστι` ("it is possible/allowed"), used here as an accusative absolute with concessive force: "although it was permitted [for me to take as much as I wished]."
  3. 18ἕως ἂν ἀποδοθῇ — The temporal conjunction `ἕως` ("until") combined with the modal particle `ἄν` and the aorist passive subjunctive third-person singular `ἀποδοθῇ` (from `ἀποδίδωμι`), indicating an indefinite future limit: "until they should be paid back."

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §19.16.1-19.16.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:19.16.1-19.16.5

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