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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §11.59.1-11.59.5

Valerius's Proposal to Postpone the Law

Passage 859 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Valerius, called upon first by Consul Genucius, argues that the law is just but the wartime is unsuitable for its review, proposing a written agreement to bring the preliminary resolution after the war. This proposal provokes mixed reactions of partial satisfaction and partial resentment from both the opponents and proponents of the law.

§11.59.1ὑποσχόμενος δὲ ταῦτα καὶ δοὺς ἐξουσίαν τοῖς βουλομένοις λέγειν, ἐπειδὴ οὔτε κατηγορήσων οὔτʼ ἀπολογησόμενος οὐδεὶς ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου παρῄει, παρελθὼν αὖθις ἐρωτᾷ πρῶτον Οὐαλέριον, τί τῷ κοινῷ συμφέρει, καὶ τί προβουλεῦσαι τοῖς συνέδροις παραινεῖ.
Having promised these things and having given permission to those who wished to speak, since no one came forward either to accuse or to defend the law, he came forward again and asked Valerius first, what was advantageous to the public, and what he advised the senators to decree in a preliminary resolution.
§11.59.2ὁ δʼ ἀναστὰς καὶ πολλοὺς διεξελθὼν ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ τε καὶ τῶν προγόνων λόγους ὡς ἐπὶ τῷ συμφέροντι τῆς πόλεως τοῦ δημοτικοῦ μέρους προϊσταμένων, καὶ καταριθμησάμενος ἅπαντας ἐξ ἀρχῆς τοὺς κατασχόντας τὴν πόλιν κινδύνους ἐκ τῶν τἀναντία πολιτευομένων, τοῖς τʼ ἀπεχθῶς ἐσχηκόσι πρὸς τὸ δημοτικὸν ἅπασιν ἀλυσιτελὲς γενόμενον ἀποδείξας τὸ μισόδημον, ἐπαίνους τε πολλοὺς περὶ τοῦ δήμου ποιησάμενος, ὡς αἰτιωτάτου τῇ πόλει γεγονότος οὐ μόνον τῆς ἐλευθερίας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς ἡγεμονίας, ἐπεὶ ταῦτα καὶ παραπλήσια τούτοις διεξῆλθε, τελευτῶν ἔφη μὴ δύνασθαι πόλιν ἐλευθέραν εἶναι, ἐξ ἧς ἄν τις τὴν ἰσότητʼ ἀνέλῃ· §11.59.3ἔφη τε δοκεῖν ἑαυτῷ τὸν μὲν νόμον δίκαιον εἶναι τὸν ἀξιοῦντα πᾶσι μετεῖναι Ῥωμαίοις τῆς ὑπατικῆς ἀρχῆς, τοῖς γε δὴ βίον ἀνεπίληπτον ἐσχηκόσι καὶ πράξεις ἀποδεδειγμένοις τῆς τιμῆς ταύτης ἀξίας, τὸν δὲ καιρὸν οὐκ ἐπιτήδειον εἰς τὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ διάγνωσιν ἐν πολεμικαῖς ὑπαρχούσης ταραχαῖς τῆς πόλεως· §11.59.4συνεβούλευέ τε τοῖς μὲν δημάρχοις ἐᾶν τὴν καταγραφὴν γενέσθαι τῶν στρατιωτῶν καὶ τὴν ἔξοδον μὴ κωλύειν τῶν καταγραφέντων, τοῖς δʼ ὑπάτοις, ὅταν τὸ κράτιστον τέλος ἐπιθῶσι τῷ πολέμῳ, πρῶτον ἁπάντων τὸ περὶ τοῦ νόμου προβούλευμα εἰς τὸν δῆμον ἐξενεγκεῖν.
And he, having stood up and gone through many arguments on behalf of himself and his ancestors, as having championed the plebeian cause for the advantage of the city, and having enumerated from the beginning all the dangers that had gripped the city because of those who pursued the opposite policies, and having shown to all those who were hostile to the plebeians that hatred of the people had proved unprofitable, and having made many praises concerning the people, as having been the chief cause for the city not only of its freedom but also of its supremacy, when he had gone through these and similar things, he said in conclusion that a city could not be free if anyone should take equality away from it; and he said that the law seemed to him to be just in demanding that all Romans share in the consular power, at least those who had led an blameless life and had shown actions worthy of this honor, but that the time was not suitable for the decision concerning it, while the city was in the midst of warlike disturbances; and he advised the tribunes to allow the enlistment of the soldiers to take place and not to hinder the departure of those enlisted, and the consuls, when they should bring the war to the best conclusion, to bring first of all the preliminary resolution concerning the law before the people.
ταῦτα δὲ γραφῆναί τʼ ἤδη καὶ διομολογηθῆναι πρὸς ἀμφοτέρων.
And he advised that these things be written down already and agreed upon by both parties.
§11.59.5ταύτην ἀποδειξαμένου τὴν γνώμην Οὐαλερίου καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ὁρατίου — δευτέρῳ γὰρ τούτῳ λόγον ἀπέδωκαν οἱ ὕπατοι — ταὐτὸ πάθος ἅπασι τοῖς παροῦσι συνέβη.
When Valerius had declared this opinion, and after him Horatius—for to him as the second the consuls gave the right to speak—the same feeling happened to all those present.
οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἀνελεῖν τὸν νόμον βουλόμενοι τὴν ἀναβολὴν τῆς περὶ αὐτοῦ διαγνώσεως ἀγαπητῶς ἀκούσαντες, τὸ μετὰ τὸν πόλεμον ἐπάναγκες εἶναι σφίσι προβουλεῦσαι περὶ αὐτοῦ χαλεπῶς ἀπεδέξαντο· οἱ δὲ κύριον ὑπὸ τοῦ συνεδρίου κριθῆναι προαιρούμενοι τὸ μὲν ὡμολογημένον δίκαιον εἶναι τὸν νόμον ἀσμένως ἤκουον, τὸ δʼ εἰς ἑτέρους ἐκπίπτειν χρόνους τὸ προβούλευμα πρὸς ὀργὴν ἐλάμβανον.
For those who wished to abolish the law, though they heard with pleasure the postponement of the decision concerning it, received with displeasure the fact that it would be necessary for them to make a preliminary resolution concerning it after the war; while those who preferred that it be passed by the senate heard gladly that the law was admitted to be just, but took with anger the fact that the preliminary resolution was falling into other times.

Notes

  1. 11.59.2προϊσταμένων — A participle in the genitive absolute, whose semantic subject is the preceding genitive pronouns αὑτοῦ τε καὶ τῶν προγόνων ("himself and his ancestors"). The conjunction ὡς expresses their subjective claim or political justification.
  2. 11.59.3ὑπαρχούσης — Forms a genitive absolute clause "ἐν πολεμικαῖς ὑπαρχούσης ταραχαῖς τῆς πόλεως" with τῆς πόλεως as its subject. This clause is subordinate to the accusative and infinitive construction "τὸν δὲ καιρὸν οὐκ ἐπιτήδειον [εἶναι]" (with εἶναι omitted) dependent on ἔφη in indirect discourse.
  3. 11.59.4γραφῆναί — Along with the following passive infinitive διομολογηθῆναι, it is loosely governed by the main verb συνεβούλευε ("he advised"), conveying a sense of necessity or recommendation that "these things should be written down and agreed upon."
  4. 11.59.5ἐπάναγκες — Functions as a predicate with the infinitive εἶναι in the accusative and infinitive clause "τὸ ... ἐπάναγκες εἶναι σφίσι προβουλεῦσαι", where the real subject is the subsequent infinitive προβουλεῦσαι ("to make a preliminary resolution"). σφίσι is the dative of the indirect reflexive pronoun, referring back to the senators.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §11.59.1-11.59.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11.59.1-11.59.5

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