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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §11.42.1-11.42.4

Soldiers' Tumult and Centurions' Defiance of Decemvirs

Passage 842 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Upon hearing Virginius' speech, the soldiers break into a tumult promising vengeance; the five Decemvirs, fearing an attack, retreat to headquarters and plan to arrest Virginius and lead the army to war. However, the centurions, suspecting their designs, refuse to let Virginius go and fiercely criticize the generals for their past incompetence.

§11.42.1ἔτι δʼ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος ἀνεβόησαν οἱ πολλοὶ τιμωρήσειν ὑπισχνούμενοι καὶ τοὺς ἡγεμόνας τῶν λόχων ἐξ ὀνόματος ἐκάλουν ἀξιοῦντες ἔργου ἔχεσθαι, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ πολλοὶ παριόντες ἐθάρρουν λέγειν, εἴ τι δεινὸν ἦσαν πεπονθότες.
While he was still speaking, the multitude cried out, promising to take vengeance, and called the commanders of the companies by name, demanding that they set to work; and many, coming forward openly, took courage to tell of any terrible things they had suffered.
§11.42.2μαθόντες δὲ τὰ γενόμενα οἱ πέντε ἄνδρες, οὓς ἔφην ἡγεῖσθαι τῶν ταγμάτων, δείσαντες, μή τις ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς τῶν ὄχλων ὁρμὴ γένηται, συνέδραμον εἰς τὸ στρατήγιον πάντες καὶ μετὰ τῶν φίλων ἐσκόπουν, ὅπως παύσουσι τὴν ταραχήν, τὰ οἰκεῖα ὅπλα περιστησάμενοι.
But when the five men, whom I said were in command of the legions, learned of what had happened, fearing lest some onset of the crowd should be made upon them, they all ran together to the headquarters, and surrounding themselves with their own armed guards, consulted with their friends how they might stop the tumult.
§11.42.3ὡς δʼ ἐπύθοντο ἀπεληλυθότας ἐπὶ τὰς σκηνὰς λήξαντά τε καὶ παυσάμενον τὸν θόρυβον, ἀγνοοῦντες, ὅτι τῶν ἑκατοντάρχων τοῖς πλείοσι δεδογμένον ἦν διʼ ἀπορρήτων συνωμοσιῶν ἀπόστασιν πράττειν καὶ συνελευθεροῦν τὴν πατρίδα, ἔκριναν, ἐπειδὰν ἡμέρα τάχιστα γένηται, τὸν μὲν ἐκταράττοντα τοὺς ὄχλους Οὐεργίνιον συλλαβόντας ἔχειν ἐν φυλακῇ, τὰς δὲ δυνάμεις ἀναστήσαντας ἐκ τοῦ χάρακος ἄγειν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, καὶ τὴν κρατίστην αὐτῶν τῆς χώρας ἐγκαθημένους δῃοῦν, περὶ τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει πραττομένων μηδὲν τοὺς σφετέρους ἔτι ἐῶντας πολυπραγμονεῖν, τὰ μὲν διὰ τὰς ὠφελείας, τὰ δὲ διὰ τοὺς ἐσομένους ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἑκάστοτε ἀγῶνας.
And when they learned that the soldiers had departed to their tents and that the clamor had ceased and ended, not knowing that it had been resolved by the majority of the centurions through secret conspiracies to bring about a revolt and to set the country free together, they decided, as soon as day should come, to arrest and keep in custody Virginius who was throwing the crowds into confusion, and to lead the forces out of the camp against the enemy, and having established themselves in the best part of their country, to ravage it, no longer permitting their own men to busy themselves at all with what was being done in the city, partly because of the advantages of booty, and partly because of the struggles that would arise for them on each occasion.
§11.42.4ἐγίνετο δʼ αὐτοῖς οὐδὲν τῶν ἐκ διαλογισμοῦ· οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸν Οὐεργίνιον εἴασαν οἱ λοχαγοὶ καλούμενον εἰς τὸ στρατήγιον ἀπελθεῖν, ὑποπτεύ διαληφθέντ ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἀγαγεῖν τοὺς λόχους ἐβούλοντο, λέγοντες·
But nothing went for them according to their calculation; for the captains, suspecting [their intention, and perceiving the design to separate them,] neither permitted Virginius to go when he was called to the headquarters, nor did they wish to lead the companies against the enemy, saying: "How well you commanded us before, so that now too we should follow you with hope!
ὡς καλῶς ἡμῶν ἐστρατηγήκατε καὶ πρότερον, ἵνα καὶ νῦν λαβόντες ἐλπίδας ἀκολουθῶμεν ὑμῖν, οἵτινες ὅσην οὔπω πρότερον ἕτεροι Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμόνες ἔκ τʼ αὐτῆς ἄγοντες τῆς πόλεως στρατιὰν καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν συμμάχων ἀγείραντες, οὔτε τῶν ἐχθρῶν, ἀλλὰ διʼ ἀνανδρίαν τε καὶ ἀπειρίαν στρατοπεδευσάμενοι, καὶ τὴν ἑαυτῶν χώραν ὡς ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων πτωχοὺς καὶ ἀπόρους ἡμᾶς ἐποιήσατε ἁπάντων, ὅσοι κ ἐνικῶμεν ταῖς μάχαις, ὅτε ὑμῶν κρείττους ἦσαν στρατηγοί· τρόπαιά τε καθʼ ἡμῶν ἀνιστᾶσι καὶ σκηνὰς καὶ ἀνδράποδα καὶ ὅπλα καὶ χρήματα διηρπακότες ἔχουσι τὰ ἡμέτερα.
You who, having led from the city itself and gathered from the allies a larger army than any other Roman commanders ever did before, did not overcome the enemy, but having encamped through cowardice and inexperience, and having [let] our own land [be ravaged] as if by the enemy, made us, who previously won in battles when there were better generals than you, poor and destitute of all things; and they erect trophies over us, and have our tents, slaves, weapons, and money, which they have plundered."

Notes

  1. 11.42.1ἔργου ἔχεσθαι — The verb ἔχεσθαι is used in the middle voice meaning "to cling to" or "to engage in," taking a genitive object (ἔργου). Here it means "to set to work" or "to take action."
  2. 11.42.3ἀπεληλυθότας ... τὸν θόρυβον — A accusative and participle construction serving as the complement of the verb ἐπύθοντο. The participle ἀπεληλυθότας modifies an implied accusative plural noun (the soldiers), while τὸν θόρυβον is an accusative singular noun modified by the participles λήξαντά τε καὶ παυσάμενον.
  3. 11.42.3τὰ μὲν ... ἀγῶνας — The phrase τὰ μὲν ... τὰ δὲ ... is an adverbial use of the accusative representing contrast ("partly because of..., partly because of...").
  4. 11.42.4ὡς καλῶς ἡμῶν ἐστρατηγήκατε ... ἵνα ... ἀκολουθῶμεν — An exclamation introduced by ὡς ("how well...") followed by a subjunctive purpose clause with ἵνα. In this context, it expresses a highly ironical or rhetorical question ("Did you command us so well before, so that we should follow you now too with hope?").

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §11.42.1-11.42.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11.42.1-11.42.4

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