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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §10.35.1-10.35.5

The Tribunes Waive the Fine and Promise New Laws

Passage 775 of 962 · Greek

Summary

After being rejected by the senate, the tribunes discuss whether to withdraw to the Sacred Mount or to punish their private assailants, and decide to summon an assembly to fine the consuls. Ultimately, they waive the fine out of respect for the elders and promise the plebeians to reintroduce the land allotment and equal rights laws.

§10.35.1ἐπεὶ δὲ κἀκεῖθεν ἀπηλάθησαν οἱ δήμαρχοι βοήθειαν οὐδεμίαν εὑρόμενοι, ἐσκόπουν αὖθις ὅ τι χρὴ ποιεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον ἀφικόμενοι.
When the tribunes were driven away also from there, having found no assistance, they considered again what they must do, having returned to the people.
ἐνίοις μὲν οὖν ἐδόκει καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς ταραχωδεστάτοις ἀπιέναι πάλιν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως τοὺς δημοτικοὺς τὰ ὅπλα ἀναλαμβάνοντας εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν ὄρος, ἔνθα καὶ τὸ πρῶτον ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο, καὶ τὸν πόλεμον ἐκεῖθεν ὁρμωμένους ποιεῖν πρὸς τοὺς πατρικίους, ἐπειδὴ τὰς συνθήκας ἔλυσαν ἐκεῖνοι τὰς γενομένας αὐτοῖς πρὸς τὸν δῆμον, καταλύοντες τὴν δημαρχικὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ.
To some, indeed, and especially to the most turbulent, it seemed best that the plebeians, taking up arms, should depart again from the city to the Sacred Mount, where they had also at first encamped, and, making that their base, wage war from there against the patricians, since those men had broken the treaties made by them with the people, openly destroying the tribunician power.
§10.35.2τοῖς δὲ πλείοσιν ἐδόκει μὴ παραχωρεῖν τῆς πόλεως μηδὲ κοινὰ πάντων ἐγκλήματα ποιεῖν, ὑπὲρ ὧν ἰδίᾳ τινὲς εἰς τοὺς δημάρχους παρενόμησαν, ἐὰν τὰ συγκεχωρημένα τοῖς νόμοις λαμβάνωσιν, οἳ κελεύουσιν ἢ ποινὴν τίνειν ἢ τεθνάναι τοὺς ὑβρίσαντας τὰ τῶν δημάρχων σώματα.
But to the majority, it seemed best not to abandon the city nor to make common charges against all for things which some individually had committed illegally against the tribunes, if they could obtain what was granted by the laws, which command those who have insulted the persons of the tribunes either to pay a fine or to be put to death.
τοῖς δὲ χαριεστέροις οὐδέτερον τούτων ἐφαίνετο καλῶς ἔχειν, οὔτε τὴν πόλιν ἐκλιπεῖν οὔτε φόνον ἄκριτον ἐπιτελεῖν, καὶ ταῦτα ὑπάτων, οἷς ἡ μεγίστη ὑπέκειτο ἀρχή, ἀλλʼ εἰς τοὺς συναγωνιζομένους αὐτοῖς μεταφέρειν τὴν ὀργήν, καὶ τὰς ἐκ τῶν νόμων τιμωρίας παρʼ ἐκείνων λαμβάνειν.
To the more moderate, however, neither of these courses seemed to be good, neither to abandon the city nor to carry out a slaughter without trial, and that too of consuls, to whom the supreme power belonged, but rather to transfer their anger to those who cooperated with them, and to exact from them the punishments prescribed by the laws.
§10.35.3εἰ μὲν οὖν ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν θυμῷ φερόμενοι δρᾶσαί τι οἱ δήμαρχοι κατὰ τῶν ὑπάτων ἢ τῆς βουλῆς προήχθησαν, οὐθὲν ἂν ἦν τὸ κωλῦσον αὐτὴν ὑφʼ αὑτῆς ἀπολωλέναι τὴν πόλιν· οὕτως ἕτοιμοι πάντες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα καὶ τὸν κατʼ ἀλλήλων πόλεμον.
If, therefore, on that day, carried away by anger, the tribunes had been led to do anything against the consuls or the senate, nothing would have prevented the city itself from being destroyed by itself; so ready were all for arms and war against one another.
νῦν δʼ ἀναβαλόμενοι τὰ πράγματα καὶ δόντες ἑαυτοῖς χρόνον εἰς ἀμείνω λογισμὸν αὐτοί τε μετριώτεροι ἐγένοντο καὶ τὰς τῶν πολλῶν ὀργὰς ἐπράυναν.
But as it was, having postponed the matters and having given themselves time for better reflection, they both became more moderate themselves and appeased the anger of the multitude.
§10.35.4ἔπειτα ταῖς ἑξῆς ἡμέραις τὴν τρίτην ἀπʼ ἐκείνης ἐσομένην ἀγορὰν προειπόντες, ἐν ᾗ τὸν δῆμον συνάξουσι καὶ ζημίαν ἐπιβαλοῦσι τοῖς ὑπάτοις ἀργυρικήν, διέλυσαν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν.
Then, on the following days, having proclaimed the market-day which would be the third from that day, on which they would assemble the people and impose a money fine on the consuls, they dismissed the assembly.
ἐπεὶ δὲ πλησίον ἦν ὁ χρόνος, ἀπέστησαν καὶ ταύτης τῆς ἐπιβολῆς τῇ δεήσει τῶν πρεσβυτάτων τε καὶ ἐντιμοτάτων τὴν χάριν ἀνατιθέναι λέγοντες.
But when the time was near, they desisted also from this imposition, saying that they attributed the favor to the entreaty of the oldest and most honorable men.
§10.35.5καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα συναγαγόντες τὸν δῆμον ἔλεγον, ὅτι τὰς μὲν εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ὕβρεις ἀφείκασι χαρισάμενοι πολλοῖς καὶ ἀγαθοῖς ἀνδράσι δεομένοις, οἷς οὐκ ἦν ὅσιον ἀντιλέγειν, ὧν δὲ ὁ δῆμος ἠδικεῖτο κωλυταί τε καὶ τιμωροὶ ἔσεσθαι.
And after this, having assembled the people, they said that they had forgiven the insults against themselves, granting this favor to many good men who entreated them, whom it was not pious to refuse, but that they would be preventers and avengers of the wrongs which the people suffered.
προθήσειν γὰρ αὖθις τόν τε περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας νόμον ἔτη τριάκοντα παρειλκυσμένον καὶ τὸν περὶ τῆς ἰσονομίας, ὃν οἱ πρὸ αὐτῶν δήμαρχοι προθέντες οὐκ ἐπεψήφισαν.
For they would propose again both the law concerning the land distribution, which had been delayed for thirty years, and the law concerning equal rights, which the tribunes before them, having proposed, did not put to the vote.

Notes

  1. 2083τὰ ὅπλα ἀναλαμβάνοντας — The participle ἀναλαμβάνοντας agrees in case, gender, and number with τοὺς δημοτικούς, which is the subject of the infinitive ἀπιέναι.
  2. 2084καὶ ταῦτα ὑπάτων — An elliptical expression with καὶ ταῦτα ('and that too'), where the genitive ὑπάτων functions as an objective genitive dependent on the preceding noun φόνον ('slaughter/execution'), meaning 'and that too [the execution] of consuls.'
  3. 2084οὐθὲν ἂν ἦν τὸ κωλῦσον — A past contrary-to-fact conditional apodosis. The particle ἄν with the imperfect ἦν is combined with the articular future participle τὸ κωλῦσον ('the thing that would prevent'), intensifying the potential or hypothetical nuance. The following infinitive phrase αὐτὴν ... ἀπολωλέναι depends on the participle κωλῦσον.
  4. 2084τὴν τρίτην ἀπʼ ἐκείνης ἐσομένην ἀγορὰν — A Greek rendering of the Roman legal term *trinum nundinum* (three market-days), which was the statutory notice period required between the announcement of an assembly and the actual vote.
  5. 2085ὧν — Attraction of the relative pronoun. The genitive ὧν stands instead of the accusative ἃ (cognate or specification accusative governed by the passive/intransitive verb ἠδικεῖτο), attracted to the genitive case required by the governing nouns κωλυταί τε καὶ τιμωροί ('preventers and avengers of...').

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §10.35.1-10.35.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:10.35.1-10.35.5

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