§1.9.1τὴν ἡγεμόνα γῆς καὶ θαλάσσης ἁπάσης πόλιν, ἣν νῦν κατοικοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι, παλαιότατοι τῶν μνημονευομένων λέγονται κατασχεῖν βάρβαροι Σικελοί, ἔθνος αὐθιγενές·
The city that is the ruler of all the earth and sea, which the Romans now inhabit, is said to have been occupied, by the most ancient of those remembered, by the barbarian Sicels, an indigenous race.
τὰ δὲ πρὸ τούτων οὔθʼ ὡς κατείχετο πρὸς ἑτέρων οὔθʼ ὡς ἔρημος ἦν οὐδεὶς ἔχει βεβαίως εἰπεῖν.
As for the times before these, no one can say with certainty whether it was held by others or was desert.
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον Ἀβοριγῖνες αὐτὴν παραλαμβάνουσι πολέμῳ μακρῷ τοὺς ἔχοντας ἀφελόμενοι·
But some time later, the Aborigines took possession of it, having deprived its holders of it by a long war.
§1.9.2οἳ τὸ μὲν πρότερον ἐπὶ τοῖς ὄρεσιν ᾤκουν ἄνευ τειχῶν κωμηδὸν καὶ σποράδες, ἐπεὶ δὲ Πελασγοί τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλλήνων τινὲς ἀναμιχθέντες αὐτοῖς συνήραντο τοῦ πρὸς τοὺς ὁμοτέρμονας πολέμου, τὸ Σικελικὸν γένος ἀπαναστήσαντες ἐξ αὐτῆς πόλεις περιεβάλοντο συχνὰς καὶ παρεσκεύασαν ὑπήκοον αὑτοῖς γενέσθαι πᾶσαν ὅσην ὁρίζουσι ποταμοὶ δύο Λῖρις καὶ Τέβερις·
These people formerly lived on the mountains without walls, in villages and scattered; but when the Pelasgians and some of the other Greeks, having mingled with them, joined in the war against their neighbors, they drove the Sicel race out of it, surrounded themselves with many cities, and made subject to themselves all that territory which is bounded by two rivers, the Liris and the Tiber.
οἳ τὰς μὲν ἀρχὰς λαμβάνουσι τῆς ῥύσεως ἐκ τῆς ὑπωρείας τῶν Ἀπεννίνων ὀρῶν, ὑφʼ ὧν δίχα τέμνεται πᾶσα ἐπὶ μῆκος ἡ Ἰταλία, διαστάντες δὲ κατὰ τὰς ἐκβολὰς ὀκτακόσιά που στάδι᾽ ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων εἰς τὸ Τυρρηνικὸν ἐξερεύγονται πέλαγος, ἀπὸ μὲν τῶν βορείων μερῶν ὁ Τέβερις Ὠστίας πόλεως πλησίον ἐκδιδούς, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ μεσημβρινοῦ κλίματος ὁ Λῖρις Μίντουρναν παραμειβόμενος·
These rivers take the beginnings of their flow from the foothills of the Apennine mountains, by which all Italy is cut in two along its length, and having diverged at their mouths by about eight hundred stades from each other, they empty into the Tyrrhenian sea—the Tiber from the northern parts, emptying near the city of Ostia, and the Liris from the southern region, passing by Minturnae.
§1.9.3Ῥωμαίων δέ εἰσιν αἱ πόλεις ἀμφότεραι ἄποικοι.
Both of these cities are colonies of the Romans.
καὶ διέμειναν ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς οἰκήσεως οὐκέτι πρὸς ἑτέρων ἐξελαθέντες, ὀνομάτων ἀλλαγαῖς διτταῖς οἱ αὐτοὶ ἄνθρωποι προσαγορευόμενοι, μέχρι μὲν τοῦ Τρωικοῦ πολέμου τὴν ἀρχαίαν τῶν Ἀβοριγίνων ὀνομασίαν ἔτι σώζοντες, ἐπὶ δὲ Λατίνου βασιλέως, ὃς κατὰ τὸν Ἰλιακὸν πόλεμον ἐδυνάστευε, Λατῖνοι ἀρξάμενοι καλεῖσθαι.
And they remained in the same habitation, being no longer driven out by others, though the same people were called by two changes of names, preserving still the ancient name of the Aborigines until the Trojan war, but beginning to be called Latins under King Latinus, who ruled at the time of the Iliac war.
§1.9.4Ῥωμύλου δὲ τὴν ἐπώνυμον αὑτοῦ πόλιν οἰκίσαντος ἑκκαίδεκα γενεαῖς τῶν Τρωικῶν ὕστερον, ἣν νῦν ἔχουσιν ὀνομασίαν μεταλαβόντες, ἔθνος τε μέγιστον ἐξ ἐλαχίστου γενέσθαι σὺν χρόνῳ παρεσκεύασαν καὶ περιφανέστατον ἐξ ἀδηλοτάτου, τῶν τε δεομένων οἰκήσεως παρὰ σφίσι φιλανθρώπῳ ὑποδοχῇ καὶ πολιτείας μεταδόσει τοῖς μετὰ τοῦ γενναίου ἐν πολέμῳ κρατηθεῖσι, δούλων τε ὅσοι παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐλευθερωθεῖεν ἀστοῖς εἶναι συγχωρήσει, τύχης τε ἀνθρώπων οὐδεμιᾶς εἰ μέλλοι τὸ κοινὸν ὠφελεῖν ἀπαξιώσει· ὑπὲρ ταῦτα δὲ πάντα κόσμῳ τοῦ πολιτεύματος, ὃν ἐκ πολλῶν κατεστήσαντο παθημάτων, ἐκ παντὸς καιροῦ λαμβάνοντές τι χρήσιμον.
And after Romulus had founded the city named after himself sixteen generations after the Trojan War, they, having assumed the name which they now have, prepared themselves to become in time the greatest nation from the smallest, and the most illustrious from the most obscure, by their hospitable reception of those who stood in need of a home among them, and by sharing citizenship with those who were conquered in war after fighting bravely, and by allowing as many of their slaves as were set free by them to be citizens, and by disdaining no fortune of men if it was likely to benefit the common weal; and above all these, by the order of their constitution, which they established from many sufferings, taking something useful from every occasion.