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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §1.55.1-1.55.5

Landing at Laurentum and Fulfillment of the Oracle

Passage 55 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The Trojans land at Laurentum, where a miraculous spring appears to quench their thirst, and they realize the fulfillment of the oracle about eating their tables when they consume the flat cakes used as platters.

§1.55.1τοῦ δὲ μηκέτι προσωτέρω τῆς Εὐρώπης πλεῦσαι τὸν Τρωικὸν στόλον οἵ τε χρησμοὶ αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο τέλος λαβόντες ἐν τούτοις τοῖς χωρίοις καὶ τὸ δαιμόνιον πολλαχῶς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ βούλησιν ἐνδεικνύμενον·
As for the Trojan fleet not sailing any further into Europe, both the oracles, by reaching their fulfillment in these places, and the divine power, by indicating its will in many ways, were the causes.
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὅρμῳ χρησάμενοι τῷ Λωρεντῷ σκηνὰς ἐπήξαντο περὶ τὸν αἰγιαλόν, πρῶτον μὲν πιεζομένοις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ὑπὸ δίψης οὐκ ἔχοντος ὕδωρ τοῦ τόπου ʽλέγω δὲ ἃ παρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων παρέλαβονʼ λιβάδες αὐτόματοι νάματος ἡδίστου ἐκ γῆς ἀνελθοῦσαι ὤφθησαν, ἐξ ὧν ἥ τε στρατιὰ πᾶσα ὑδρεύσατο καὶ ὁ τόπος περίρρυτος γέγονε μέχρι θαλάττης καταβάντος ἀπὸ τῶν πηγῶν τοῦ ῥεύματος.
For when, using the anchorage of Laurentum, they pitched their tents around the beach, first of all, when the men were hard pressed by thirst and the place had no water (and I say what I received from the inhabitants), natural springs of sweetest water were seen to rise up from the earth, from which the entire army drew water, and the place became watered all around until the stream descended from the sources to the sea.
§1.55.2νῦν μέντοι οὐκέτι πλήθουσιν ὥστε καὶ ἀπορρεῖν αἱ λιβάδες, ἀλλʼ ἔστιν ὀλίγον ὕδωρ ἐν κοίλῳ χωρίῳ συνεστηκὸς, λεγόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν ἐγχωρίων ἱερὸν ἡλίου· καὶ βωμοὶ δύο παρʼ αὐτῷ δείκνυνται, ὁ μὲν πρὸς ἀνατολὰς τετραμμένος, ὁ δὲ πρὸς δύσεις, Τρωικὰ ἱδρύματα, ἐφʼ ὧν τὸν Αἰνείαν μυθολογοῦσι πρώτην θυσίαν ποιήσασθαι τῷ θεῷ χαριστήριον τῶν ὑδάτων.
Now, however, the springs no longer flow so abundantly as to overflow, but there is a little water collected in a hollow place, called by the inhabitants the Sanctuary of the Sun; and two altars are pointed out near it, one facing the east, the other the west, Trojan structures, upon which they say Aeneas offered his first sacrifice to the god in thanksgiving for the water.
§1.55.3ἔπειτα ἄριστον αὐτοῖς αἱρουμένοις ἐπὶ τοῦ δαπέδου σέλινα μὲν πολλοῖς ὑπέστρωτο καὶ ἦν ταῦτα ὥσπερ τράπεζα τῶν ἐδεσμάτων· ὡς δέ φασί τινες, ἴτρια καρποῦ πεποιημένα πυρίνου, καθαρειότητος ταῖς τροφαῖς ἕνεκα.
Then, as they were taking their lunch upon the ground, celery was spread under many of them, and this served as a table for the food; or, as some say, flat cakes made of wheat, for the sake of cleanliness in their food.
ἐπεὶ δὲ αἱ παρατεθεῖσαι τροφαὶ κατανάλωντο, τῶν ὑπεστρωμένων αὐτοῖς σελίνων εἴτε ἰτρίων ἔφαγέ τις καὶ αὖθις ἕτερος·
But when the food set before them was consumed, someone ate of the celery or flat cakes spread under them, and then another did the same.
ἐν τούτῳ τυγχάνει τις εἰπὼν εἴτε τῶν Αἰνείου παίδων, ὡς λόγος ἔχει, εἴτε τῶν ὁμοσκήνων, Ἀλλʼ ἡμῖν γε ἤδη καὶ ἡ τράπεζα κατεδήδεσται· ὡς δὲ τοῦτο ἤκουσαν, ἅπαντες ἀνεθορύβησαν, ὡς τὰ §1.55.4πρῶτα τοῦ μαντεύματος ἤδη σφίσι τέλος ἔχοι.
At this moment, it happened that someone—either one of Aeneas' children, as the story goes, or one of his tent-mates—said: "Why, even our table has now been eaten up by us!" When they heard this, they all raised a shout, thinking that the first part of the oracle had already reached its fulfillment for them.
ἦν γάρ τι θέσφατον αὐτοῖς, ὡς μέν τινες λέγουσιν ἐν Δωδώνῃ γενόμενον, ὡς δʼ ἕτεροι γράφουσιν ἐν ἐρυθρᾷ χέρσῳ τῆς Ἴδης, ἔνθα ᾤκει Σίβυλλα ἐπιχωρία νύμφη χρησμῳδός, ἣ αὐτοῖς ἔφρασε πλεῖν ἐπὶ δυσμῶν ἡλίου, τέως ἂν εἰς τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον ἔλθωσιν, ἐν ᾧ κατέδονται τὰς τραπέζας· ὅταν δὲ τοῦτο μάθωσι γενόμενον, ἡγεμόνα τετράποδα ποιησαμένους, ὅπου ἂν κάμῃ τὸ §1.55.5ζῷον, ἐνταῦθα δείμασθαι πόλιν.
For they had a certain oracle, which some say was delivered at Dodona, and others write was given in the red land of Ida, where a local prophetic nymph, the Sibyl, used to dwell. She had told them to sail toward the setting of the sun until they should come to that place where they would eat their tables; and when they learned that this had happened, they were to take a four-footed beast as leader, and wherever the animal should tire, there they were to build a city.
τοῦτο δὴ τὸ θεοπρόπιον ἀναμνησθέντες, οἱ μὲν τὰ ἕδη τῶν θεῶν Αἰνείου κελεύσαντος εἰς τὸ ἀποδειχθὲν χωρίον ἐκ τῆς νεὼς ἐξέφερον, οἱ δὲ βάθρα καὶ βωμοὺς κατεσκεύαζον αὐτοῖς, αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες ὀλολυγῇ καὶ χορείαις χρώμεναι παρεκόμιζον τὰ ἱερά, οἱ δὲ ἀμφὶ τὸν Αἰνείαν παρασκευασθείσης θυσίας ἔχοντες τοὺς στεφάνους περὶ τὸν βωμὸν ἔστησαν.
Remembering then this oracle, some carried the statues of the gods from the ship to the designated place at Aeneas' command, while others constructed pedestals and altars for them, and the women, using ritual cries and dances, brought along the sacred objects, and those around Aeneas, when the sacrifice was prepared, stood around the altar wearing wreaths.

Notes

  1. 1.55.1τοῦ δὲ μηκέτι προσωτέρω τῆς Εὐρώπης πλεῦσαι — Genitive of the articular infinitive. It stands at the beginning of the sentence to present the topic or cause, standing in relation to the subsequent main verb and predicate 'became the causes' (αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο).
  2. 1.55.1πιεζομένοις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις — Dative participle phrase. Although it superficially resembles a dative absolute, it functions as a dative of reference or interest depending on the main verb ὤφθησαν, meaning 'there appeared to the men, as they were hard pressed...'.
  3. 1.55.3κατεδήδεσται — Third person singular perfect passive indicative of κατεσθίω ('to eat up'). The phrase 'the table has been eaten up' (with τράπεζα as subject) refers to the edible underlayers (cakes or celery) serving as tables, marking the playful fulfillment of the oracle.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §1.55.1-1.55.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.55.1-1.55.5

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