§1.40.1οἱ δὲ Ἀβοριγῖνες καὶ τῶν Ἀρκάδων οἱ τὸ Παλλάντιον κατοικοῦντες, ὡς τοῦ τε Κάκου τὸν θάνατον ἔγνωσαν καὶ τὸν Ἡρακλέα εἶδον, τῷ μὲν ἀπεχθόμενοι διὰ τὰς ἁρπαγάς, τοῦ δὲ τὴν ὄψιν ἐκπαγλούμενοι θεῖόν τι χρῆμα ἐνόμισαν ὁρᾶν καὶ τοῦ λῃστοῦ μέγα εὐτύχημα τὴν ἀποβολὴν ἐποιοῦντο.
And the Aborigines and those of the Arcadians who inhabited Pallantium, when they learned of the death of Cacus and saw Heracles—hating the former on account of his robberies, and being struck with awe at the appearance of the latter—thought they were beholding something divine and considered the riddance of the robber a great piece of good fortune.
οἱ δὲ πένητες αὐτῶν κλάδους δρεψάμενοι δάφνης, ἣ πολλὴ περὶ τὸν τόπον ἐφύετο, ἐκεῖνόν τε καὶ αὑτοὺς ἀνέστεφον, ἧκον δὲ οἱ βασιλεῖς αὐτῶν ἐπὶ ξένια τὸν Ἡρακλέα καλοῦντες.
And the poor among them, plucking branches of laurel, which grew abundantly around the place, crowned both him and themselves, while their kings came to invite Heracles to hospitality.
ὡς δὲ καὶ τοὔνομα καὶ τὸ γένος αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰς πράξεις διεξιόντος ἔμαθον, ἐνεχείριζον αὐτῷ τήν τε χώραν καὶ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ φιλίᾳ.
And when they learned both his name, his lineage, and his achievements as he related them, they delivered both their country and themselves into his hands for friendship.
§1.40.2Εὔανδρος δὲ παλαίτερον ἔτι τῆς Θέμιδος ἀκηκοὼς διεξιούσης, ὅτι πεπρωμένον εἴη τὸν ἐκ Διὸς καὶ Ἀλκμήνης γενόμενον Ἡρακλέα διαμείψαντα τὴν θνητὴν φύσιν ἀθάνατον γενέσθαι διʼ ἀρετήν, ἐπειδὴ τάχιστα ὅστις ἦν ἐπύθετο, φθάσαι βουλόμενος ἅπαντας ἀνθρώπους Ἡρακλέα θεῶν τιμαῖς πρῶτος ἱλασάμενος, βωμὸν αὐτοσχέδιον ὑπὸ σπουδῆς ἱδρύεται καὶ δάμαλιν ἄζυγα θύει πρὸς αὐτῷ, τὸ θέσφατον ἀφηγησάμενος Ἡρακλεῖ καὶ δεηθεὶς τῶν ἱερῶν κατάρξασθαι.
And Evander, having even earlier heard Themis relating that it was fated for Heracles, born of Zeus and Alcmene, after changing his mortal nature, to become immortal through virtue, as soon as he learned who he was, wishing to anticipate all men in being the first to propitiate Heracles with divine honors, hastily established a makeshift altar in his haste and sacrificed an unyoked heifer at it, having recounted the oracle to Heracles and requested him to initiate the sacrifices.
§1.40.3ἀγασθεὶς δὲ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τῆς φιλοξενίας Ἡρακλῆς, τὸν μὲν δῆμον ἑστιάσει ὑποδέχεται θύσας τῶν βοῶν τινας καὶ τῆς ἄλλης λείας τὰς δεκάτας ἐξελών· τοὺς δὲ βασιλεῖς χώρᾳ πολλῇ δωρεῖται Λιγύων τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων προσοίκων, ἧς μέγα ἐποιοῦντο ἄρχειν, παρανόμους τινὰς ἐξ αὐτῆς ἐκβαλὼν ἀνθρώπους.
And Heracles, admiring the hospitality of the people, received the populace at a feast, having sacrificed some of the cattle and set aside the tithes of the rest of the booty; and he gifted the kings with much land of the Ligurians and of the other neighbors, which they considered it a great thing to rule, after expelling certain lawless men from it.
λέγεται δὲ πρὸς τούτοις, ὡς καὶ δέησίν τινα ποιήσαιτο τῶν ἐπιχωρίων, ἐπειδὴ πρῶτοι θεὸν αὐτὸν ἐνόμισαν, ὅπως ἀθανάτους αὐτῷ διαφυλάττωσι τὰς τιμὰς, θύοντες μὲν ἄζυγα δάμαλιν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος, ἁγιστεύοντες δὲ τὴν ἱερουργίαν ἔθεσιν Ἑλληνικοῖς· καὶ ὡς διδάξειεν αὐτοὺς τὰς θυσίας, ἵνα διὰ παντὸς αὐτῷ κεχαρισμένα θύοιεν, οἴκους δύο τῶν ἐπιφανῶν παραλαβών.
It is said, moreover, that he also made a request of the local inhabitants, since they were the first to consider him a god, that they should preserve his honors immortal for him, by sacrificing an unyoked heifer every year and performing the sacred rites with Greek customs; and that he taught them the sacrifices, so that they might always sacrifice what was pleasing to him, having taken to himself two of the distinguished families.
§1.40.4εἶναι δὲ τοὺς μαθόντας τότε τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ἱερουργίαν Ποτιτίους τε καὶ Πιναρίους, ἀφʼ ὧν τὰ γένη διαμεῖναι μέχρι πολλοῦ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν ποιούμενα τῶν θυσιῶν, ὡς ἐκεῖνος κατεστήσατο, Ποτιτίων μὲν ἡγουμένων τῆς ἱερουργίας καὶ τῶν ἐμπύρων ἀπαρχομένων, Πιναρίων δὲ σπλάγχνων τε μετουσίας εἰργομένων καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα ἐχρῆν ὑπʼ ἀμφοῖν γίνεσθαι τὴν δευτέραν τιμὴν ἐχόντων.
And those who then learned the Greek sacred rite were the Potitii and the Pinarii, from whom the families continued for a long time to have the care of the sacrifices, just as he had established; the Potitii leading the sacred rite and offering the first-fruits of the burnt offerings, while the Pinarii were excluded from sharing in the entrails and held the second rank of honor in all other things that were to be done by both.
ταύτην δὲ αὐτοῖς προστεθῆναι τὴν ἀτιμίαν ὀψίμου τῆς παρουσίας ἕνεκα, ἐπειδὴ ἕωθεν αὐτοῖς κελευσθὲν ἥκειν ἐσπλαγχνευμένων ἤδη τῶν ἱερῶν ἀφίκοντο.
And this dishonor was added to them on account of their late arrival, since they arrived after the entrails of the victims had already been examined, although they had been ordered to come in the morning.
§1.40.5νῦν μέντοι οὐκέτι τοῖς γένεσι τούτοις ἡ περὶ τὰς ἱερουργίας ἐπιμέλεια ἀνάκειται, ἀλλὰ παῖδες ἐκ τοῦ δημοσίου ὠνητοὶ δρῶσιν αὐτάς.
Now, however, the care of the sacred rites is no longer entrusted to these families, but boys purchased at the public expense perform them.
διʼ ἃς δὲ αἰτίας τὸ ἔθος μετέπεσε, καὶ τίς ἡ τοῦ δαίμονος ἐπιφάνεια περὶ τὴν ἀλλαγὴν τῶν ἱεροποιῶν ἐγένετο, ἐπειδὰν κατὰ τοῦτο γένωμαι τοῦ §1.40.6λόγου τὸ μέρος, διηγήσομαι.
For what reasons the custom changed, and what manifestation of the deity took place concerning the change of the priests, I shall narrate when I come to this part of the history.
ὁ δὲ βωμός, ἐφʼ οὗ τὰς δεκάτας ἀπέθυσεν Ἡρακλῆς, καλεῖται μὲν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων Μέγιστος, ἔστι δὲ τῆς Βοαρίας λεγομένης ἀγορᾶς πλησίον, ἁγιστευόμενος εἰ καί τις ἄλλος ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων· ὅρκοι τε γὰρ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ καὶ συνθῆκαι τοῖς βουλομένοις βεβαίως τι διαπράττεσθαι καὶ δεκατεύσεις χρημάτων γίνονται συχναὶ κατʼ εὐχάς·
And the altar on which Heracles sacrificed the tithes is called Greatest by the Romans, and it is near the so-called Cattle Market, being revered as sacred by the inhabitants as any other; for oaths and contracts are made at it by those who wish to settle something securely, and frequent tithings of property are made according to vows.
τῇ μέντοι κατασκευῇ πολὺ τῆς δόξης ἐστὶ καταδεέστερος· πολλαχῇ δὲ καὶ ἄλλῃ τῆς Ἰταλίας ἀνεῖται τεμένη τῷ θεῷ, καὶ βωμοὶ κατὰ πόλεις τε ἵδρυνται καὶ παρʼ ὁδούς, καὶ σπανίως ἂν εὕροι τις Ἰταλίας χῶρον, ἔνθα μὴ τυγχάνει τιμώμενος ὁ θεός.
In its construction, however, it is far inferior to its reputation; and in many other places in Italy sacred precincts are dedicated to the god, and altars are established both in cities and along roads, and one would rarely find a place in Italy where the god does not happen to be honored.
ὁ μὲν οὖν μυθικὸς λόγος ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ τοιός2δε παραδέδοται.
Such, then, is the mythical account transmitted concerning him.