§5οὐ γάρ, οἶμαι, χρὴ παρὰ τῶν ποιητῶν ἐς τὸ λεπτότατον ἀκριβολογουμένους ἀπαιτεῖν κατὰ συλλαβὴν ἑκάστην ἐντελῆ πάντως τὰ εἰρημένα, κἂν εἴ τι ἐν τῷ τῆς ποιήσεως δρόμῳ παραρρυὲν λάθῃ, πικρῶς τοῦτο ἐξετάζειν, ἀλλ’ εἰδέναι ὅτι πολλὰ ἡμεῖς καὶ τῶν μέτρων ἕνεκα καὶ τῆς εὐφωνίας ἐπεμβάλλομεν·
For I do not think one should demand from poets a completely perfect account of what they have said, examining them with extreme precision down to every single syllable, nor, if something happens to slip by unnoticed in the rush of poetry, should one scrutinize this bitterly; rather, one should know that we insert many things both for the sake of the meters and for euphony.
τὰ δὲ καὶ τὸ ἔπος αὐτὸ πολλάκις λεῖα ὄντα οὐκ οἶδ’ ὅπως παρεδέξατο.
And as for other things, the verse itself, being often smooth, has somehow accepted them.
σὺ δὲ τὸ μέγιστον ὧν ἔχομεν ἀγαθῶν ἀφαιρῇ ἡμᾶς—λέγω δὲ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν καὶ τὴν ἐν τῷ ποιεῖν ἐξουσίαν, καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄλλα οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅσα τῆς ποιήσεως καλά, σκινδαλάμους δὲ καὶ ἀκάνθας τινὰς ἐκλέγεις καὶ λαβὰς τῇ συκοφαντίᾳ ζητεῖς.
But you are robbing us of the greatest of the blessings we possess—I mean freedom and the authority in making poetry—and while you do not see all the other beautiful aspects of poetry, you pick out certain splinters and thorns and seek handles for your false accusations.
ἀλλ’ οὐ μόνος ταῦτα σὺ οὐδὲ κατ' ἐμοῦ μόνου, ἀλλὰ πολλοὶ καὶ ἄλλοι τὰ τοῦ ὁμοτέχνου τοῦ ἐμοῦ Ὁμήρου κατακνίζουσι λεπτὰ οὕτω κομιδῇ καὶ μάλιστα μικρὰ ἄττα διεξιόντες.
Yet you are not the only one to do this, nor against me alone; many others also pick at the works of my fellow-craftsman Homer in this extremely fine way, going through certain very small matters.
§6εἰ δὲ καὶ χρὴ ὁμόσε χωρήσαντα τῇ αἰτίᾳ τὴν ὀρθοτάτην ἀπολογίαν ἀπολογήσασθαι, ἀνάγνωθι, ὦ οὗτος, τὰ Ἔργα μου καὶ τὰς Ἡμέρας.
And if it is necessary to confront the accusation directly and make the most correct defense, read, my good sir, my Works and Days.
εἴσῃ γὰρ ὅσα ἐν τῷ ποιήματι τούτῳ μαντικῶς ἅμα καὶ προφητικῶς προτεθέσπισταί μοι τὰς ἀποβάσεις προδηλοῦντα τῶν τε ὀρθῶς καὶ κατὰ καιρὸν πραττομένων καὶ τῶν παραλελειμμένων τὰς ζημίας.
For you will know how many things have been prophesied by me in that poem, both divining and predicting, foretelling the outcomes of actions done rightly and in due season, and the penalties of those that are neglected.
καὶ τὸ
"
οἴσεις δ’ ἐν φορμῷ, παῦροι δέ σε θηήσονται,
"
καὶ πάλιν ὅσα ἀγαθὰ περιέσται τοῖς ὀρθῶς γεωργοῦσιν χρησιμωτάτη ἂν τῷ βίῳ μαντικὴ νομίζοιτο.
Such as: "And you will carry it in a basket, and few will look upon you, "and again, all the goods that will remain for those who farm rightly might be considered a most useful art of divination for life.
§7ΛΥΚΙΝΟΣ
Τοῦτο μὲν οὖν, ὦ θαυμαστὲ Ἡσίοδε, καὶ πάνυ ποιμενικὸν εἴρηταί σοι, καὶ ἐπαληθεύειν ἔοικας τὴν τῶν Μουσῶν ἐπίπνοιαν αὐτὸς οὐδ’ ἀπολογεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐπῶν δυνάμενος.
LYCINUS Well now, wondrous Hesiod, this is indeed a very shepherd-like thing you have said, and you yourself seem to prove the inspiration of the Muses, being unable even to defend your own verses.
ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐ ταύτην τὴν μαντικὴν παρὰ σοῦ καὶ τῶν Μουσῶν περιεμένομεν· ἐπεὶ τά γε τοιαῦτα πολὺ μαντικώτεροι ὑμῶν οἱ γεωργοί, καὶ ἄριστα μαντεύσαιντ' ἂν ἡμῖν περὶ αὐτῶν—ὅτι ὕσαντος μὲν τοῦ θεοῦ εὐθαλῆ ἔσται τὰ δράγματα, ἢν δὲ αὐχμὸς ἐπιλάβῃ καὶ διψήσωσιν αἱ ἄρουραι, οὐδεμία μηχανὴ μὴ οὐχὶ λιμὸν ἐπακολουθῆσαι τῷ δίψει αὐτῶν· καὶ ὅτι οὐ μεσοῦντος θέρους χρὴ ἀροῦν, ἢ οὐκ ἄν τι ὄφελος γένοιτο εἰκῇ ἐκχυθέντων τῶν σπερμάτων οὐδὲ ἀμᾶν χλωρὸν ἔτι τὸν στάχυν, ἢ κενὸν εὑρεθήσεσθαι τὸν καρπόν.
But we were not expecting this kind of divination from you and the Muses; since in such matters, the farmers are far more prophetic than you, and would prophesy to us best about them—namely, that if the god sends rain, the sheaves will be flourishing, but if drought takes hold and the fields thirst, there is no way that famine will not follow their thirst; and that one must not plow in the middle of summer, or else no benefit would come from the seeds scattered in vain, nor reap the ear while it is still green, or the fruit will be found empty.
οὐ μὴν οὐδ’ ἐκεῖνο μαντείας δεῖται, ὡς ἢν μὴ καλύψῃς τὰ σπέρματα καὶ θεράπων μακέλλην ἔχων ἐπιφορῇ τῆς γῆς αὐτοῖς, καταπτήσεται τὰ ὄρνεα καὶ προκατεδεῖται τὴν ἅπασαν τοῦ θέρους ἐλπίδα.
Nor indeed does that other thing require divination, that if you do not cover the seeds and a servant with a hoe does not throw earth over them, the birds will fly down and eat up beforehand the entire hope of summer.
§8Τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα παραινέσεις μὲν καὶ ὑποθήκας λέγων οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμαρτάνοι, μαντικῆς δὲ πάμπολυ ἀποδεῖν μοι δοκεῖ, ἧς τὸ ἔργον τὰ ἄδηλα καὶ οὐδαμῆ οὐδαμῶς φανερὰ προγιγνώσκειν—ὥσπερ τὸ τῷ Μίνωϊ προειπεῖν ὅτι ἐν τῷ τοῦ μέλιτος πίθῳ ὁ παῖς ἔσται αὐτῷ ἀποπεπνιγμένος, καὶ τὸ τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς προμηνῦσαι τῆς Ἀπόλλωνος ὀργῆς τὴν αἰτίαν καὶ τῷ δεκάτῳ ἔτει ἁλώσεσθαι τὸ Ἴλιον.
For while one would not err in calling such things exhortations and precepts, they seem to me to fall very far short of divination, whose task is to foreknow things that are unseen and in no way manifest—such as foretelling to Minos that his son would be drowned in the jar of honey, and forewarning the Achaeans of the cause of Apollo's wrath and that Ilium would be captured in the tenth year.
ταῦτα γὰρ ἡ μαντική.
For these are divination.
ἐπεὶ καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα εἴ τις αὐτῇ ἀνατιθείη, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοι κἀμὲ μάντιν λέγων.
Since if anyone were to attribute such things as yours to it, he would not be slow in calling me too a prophet.
προερῶ γὰρ καὶ προθεσπιῶ καὶ ἄνευ Κασταλίας καὶ δάφνης καὶ τρίποδος Δελφικοῦ ὅτι ἂν γυμνὸς τοῦ κρύους περινοστῇ τις, ὕοντος προσέτι ἢ χαλαζῶντος τοῦ θεοῦ, ἠπίαλος οὐ μικρὸς ἐπιπεσεῖται τῷ τοιούτῳ, καὶ, τὸ ἔτι γε τούτου μαντικώτερον, ὅτι καὶ θέρμη μετὰ ταῦτα ὡς τὸ εἰκός ἐπιγενήσεται· καὶ ἄλλα πολλὰ τοιαῦτα ὧν γελοῖον ἂν εἴη μεμνῆσθαι.
For I shall foretell and prophesy, even without Castalia and the laurel and the Delphic tripod, that if anyone walks around naked in the cold, while the god is moreover raining or hailing, a major chill will fall upon such a person, and, what is still more prophetic than this, that a fever will naturally follow after these things; and many other such things which it would be ridiculous to mention.
§9Ὥστε τὰς μὲν τοιαύτας ἀπολογίας καὶ μαντείας ἄφες.
So, let go of such defenses and divinations.
ἐκεῖνο δὲ ὃ εἴρηκας ἐν ἀρχῇ, ἴσως παραδέχεσθαι ἄξιον, ὡς οὐδὲν ᾔδεισθα τῶν λεγομένων, ἀλλά τις ἔμπνοια δαιμόνιος ἐνεποίει σοι τὰ μέτρα, οὐ πάνυ οὐδὲ ἐκείνη βέβαιος οὖσα· οὐ γὰρ ἂν τὰ μὲν ἐπετέλει τῶν ὑπεσχημένων, τὰ δ’ ἀτελῆ ἀπελίμπανεν.
But that which you said in the beginning is perhaps worthy of acceptance: that you knew nothing of what was said, but some divine inspiration implanted the meters in you, though even that was not entirely reliable; for it would not have fulfilled some of the promises while leaving others unaccomplished.