§52ἀποθανόντες δὲ Γάλλοι οὐκ ὁμοίην ταφὴν τοῖσιν ἄλλοισι θάπτονται, ἀλλʼ ἐὰν ἀποθάνῃ Γάλλος, ἑταῖροί μιν ἀείραντες ἐς τὰ προάστεια φέρουσιν, θέμενοι δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ τὸ φέρτρον τῷ ἐκόμισαν, ὕπερθε λίθοις βάλλουσιν, καὶ τάδε πρήξαντες ὀπίσω ἀπονοστέουσιν.
But when the Galli die, they are not buried in the same kind of burial as the others, but if a Gallus dies, his companions lift him up and carry him to the suburbs, and having set down him and the stretcher with which they carried him, they pelt stones over them, and having done these things, they return back.
φυλάξαντες δὲ ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ἀριθμὸν οὕτως ἐς τὸ ἱρὸν ἐσέρχονται· πρὸ δὲ τουτέων ἢν ἐσέλθωσιν, οὐκ ὅσια ποιέουσιν.
And having observed the number of seven days, they thus enter into the temple; but if they enter before these days, they commit an unholy act.
§53νόμοισι δὲ ἐς ταῦτα χρέωνται τουτέοισι. ἢν μέν τις αὐτέων νέκυν ἴδηται, ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέρην ἐς τὸ ἱρὸν οὐκ ἀπικνέεται, τῇ ἑτέρῃ δὲ καθήρας ἑωυτὸν ἐσέρχεται.
And they use these laws regarding these matters: if indeed any of them sees a corpse, on that day he does not go to the temple, but on the next day, having purified himself, he enters.
αὐτῶν δὲ τῶν οἰκείων τοῦ νέκυος ἕκαστοι φυλάξαντες ἀριθμὸν ἡμερέων τριήκοντα καὶ τὰς κεφαλὰς ξυράμενοι ἐσέρχονται· πρὶν δὲ τάδε ποιῆσαι, οὐ σφίσι ἐσιέναι ὅσιον.
But as for the relatives of the corpse themselves, each of them, having observed the number of thirty days and having shaved their heads, they enter; and before doing these things, it is not holy for them to enter.
§54θύουσιν δὲ βόας ἄρσενάς τε καὶ θήλεας καὶ αἶγας καὶ ὄϊας.
And they sacrifice bulls and cows, and goats, and sheep.
σύας δὲ μοῦνον ἐναγέας νομίζοντες οὔτε θύουσιν οὔτε σιτέονται.
But thinking pigs alone to be polluted, they neither sacrifice nor eat them.
ἄλλοι δʼ οὐ σφέας ἐναγέας, ἀλλὰ ἱροὺς νομίζουσιν.
But others do not think them polluted, but sacred.
ὀρνίθων τε αὐτέοισι περιστερὴ δοκέει χρῆμα ἱρότατον καὶ οὐδὲ ψαύειν αὐτέων δικαιέουσιν· καὶ ἢν ἀέκοντες ἅψωνται, ἐναγέες ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέρην εἰσί.
And of birds, the dove seems to them to be the most sacred thing, and they do not think it right even to touch them; and if they touch them unwillingly, they are polluted for that day.
τοὔνεκα δὲ αὐτέοισι σύννομοί τέ εἰσι καὶ ἐς τὰ οἰκεῖα ἐσέρχονται καὶ τὰ πολλὰ ἐν γῇ νέμονται.
Therefore, they live with them, enter into their houses, and for the most part feed on the ground.
§55λέξω δὲ καὶ τῶν πανηγυριστέων τὰ ἕκαστοι ποιέουσιν.
And I will also relate what each of the pilgrims does.
ἀνὴρ εὖτʼ ἂν ἐς τὴν ἱρὴν πόλιν πρῶτον ἀπικνέηται, κεφαλὴν μὲν ὅδε καὶ ὀφρύας ἐξύρατο, μετὰ δὲ ἱρεύσας ὄϊν τὰ μὲν ἄλλα κρεουργέει τε καὶ εὐωχέεται, τὸ δὲ νάκος χαμαὶ θέμενος ἐπὶ τούτου ἐς γόνυ ἕζεται, πόδας δὲ καὶ κεφαλὴν τοῦ κτήνεος ἐπὶ τὴν ἑωυτοῦ κεφαλὴν ἀναλαμβάνει·
When a man first arrives at the sacred city, he shaves his head and eyebrows; and afterward, having sacrificed a sheep, he cuts up the rest of the meat and feasts on it, but placing the fleece on the ground, he kneels upon it, and takes the feet and the head of the beast upon his own head.
ἅμα δὲ εὐχόμενος αἰτέει τὴν μὲν παρεοῦσαν θυσίην δέκεσθαι, μέζω δὲ ἐσαῦτις ὑπισχνέεται.
And at the same time, praying, he asks that the present sacrifice be accepted, and promises greater ones for the future.
τελέσας δὲ ταῦτα, τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ τε στέφεται καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὁκόσοι τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἀπικνέονται, ἄρας δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ἑωυτοῦ ὁδοιπορέει, ὕδασί τε ψυχροῖσι χρεόμενος λουτρῶν τε καὶ πόσιος εἵνεκα καὶ ἐς πάμπαν χαμοκοιτέων· οὐ γάρ οἱ εὐνῆς ἐπιβῆναι ὅσιον πρὶν τήν τε ὁδὸν ἐκτελέσαι καὶ ἐς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ αὖτις ἀπικέσθαι.
And having completed these things, he crowns both his own head and those of the others who arrive by the same road, and having set out, he journeys on from his own land, using cold water for bathing and drinking, and sleeping entirely on the ground; for it is not permitted for him to go to bed before he has completed the journey and arrived back at his own home.
§56ἐν δὲ τῇ ἱρῇ πόλει ἐκδέκεταί μιν ἀνὴρ ξεινοδόκος ἀγνοέοντα· ῥητοὶ γὰρ δὴ ὦν ἑκάστης πόλιος αὐτόθι ξεινοδόκοι εἰσίν, καὶ τόδε πατρόθεν οἴκοι δέκονται.
And in the sacred city, a host receives him who is ignorant; for indeed, there are appointed hosts there for each city, and they receive this office in their families from their fathers.
καλέονται δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀσσυρίων οἵδε διδάσκαλοι, ὅτι σφίσι πάντα ὑπηγέονται.
And these are called "teachers" by the Assyrians, because they guide them in everything.
§57θύουσι δὲ οὐκ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ ἱρῷ, ἀλλʼ ἐπεὰν παραστήσῃ τῷ βωμῷ τὸ ἱρήιον, ἐπισπείσας αὖτις ἄγει ζῳὸν ἐς τὰ οἰκεῖα, ἐλθὼν δὲ κατʼ ἑωυτὸν θύει τε καὶ εὔχεται.
And they do not sacrifice in the temple itself, but when he has presented the victim at the altar, and having poured a libation, he leads it away alive back to his own lodging, and having gone by himself, he sacrifices it and prays.
§58ἔστιν δὲ καὶ ἄλλης θυσίης τρόπος τοιόσδε. στέψαντες τὰ ἱρήια, ζῳὰ ἐκ τῶν προπυλαίων ἀπιᾶσιν, τὰ δὲ κατενεχθέντα θνήσκουσιν.
And there is also another kind of sacrifice, which is as follows: having crowned the victims, they cast them down alive from the gateway, and those that are cast down die.
ἔνιοι δὲ καὶ παῖδας ἑωυτῶν ἐντεῦθεν ἀπιᾶσιν, οὐκ ὁμοίως τοῖς κτήνεσιν, ἀλλʼ ἐς πήρην ἐνθέμενοι χειρὶ κατάγουσιν, ἅμα δὲ αὐτέοισιν ἐπικερτομέοντες λέγουσιν ὅτι οὐ παῖδες, ἀλλὰ βόες εἰσίν.
And some also cast down their own children from there, not in the same way as the beasts, but having put them into a sack, they let them down by hand, and at the same time, mocking them, they say that they are not children, but oxen.
§59στίζονται δὲ πάντες, οἱ μὲν ἐς καρπούς, οἱ δὲ ἐς αὐχένας· καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦδε ἅπαντες Ἀσσύριοι στιγματηφορέουσιν.
And they are all tattooed, some on their wrists, others on their necks; and from this, all Assyrians bear tattoos.
§60ποιέουσι δὲ καὶ ἄλλο μούνοισι Ἑλλήνων Τροιζηνίοισι ὁμολογέοντες.
And they also do another thing, agreeing with the Troezenians alone of the Greeks.
λέξω δὲ καὶ τὰ ἐκεῖνοι ποιέουσιν.
And I will also relate what those people do.
Τροιζήνιοι τῇσι παρθένοισι καὶ τοῖσιν ἠιθέοισι νόμον ἐποιήσαντο μή μιν ἄλλως γάμον ἰέναι, πρὶν Ἱππολύτῳ κόμας κείρασθαι· καὶ ὧδε ποιέουσιν.
The Troezenians made a law for their maidens and youths that they should not otherwise enter into marriage before they have shorn their hair for Hippolytus; and thus they do.
τοῦτο καὶ ἐν τῇ ἱρῇ πόλει γίγνεται.
This happens also in the sacred city.
οἱ μὲν νεηνίαι τῶν γενείων ἀπάρχονται, τοῖς δὲ νέοισι πλοκάμους ἱροὺς ἐκ γενετῆς ἀπιᾶσιν, τοὺς ἐπεὰν ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ γένωνται, τάμνουσίν τε καὶ ἐς ἄγγεα καταθέντες οἱ μὲν ἀργύρεα, πολλοὶ δὲ χρύσεα ἐν τῷ νηῷ προσηλώσαντες ἀπίασιν ἐπιγράψαντες ἕκαστοι τὰ οὐνόματα.
The young men offer the first-fruits of their beards, and for the children, they let sacred locks of hair grow from birth, which, when they are in the temple, they cut, and having placed them in vessels, some of silver, and many of gold, and having nailed them up in the temple, they depart, each having inscribed their names.
τοῦτο καὶ ἐγὼ νέος ἔτι ὢν ἐπετέλεσα, καὶ ἔτι μευ ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ καὶ ὁ πλόκαμος καὶ τὸ οὔνομα.
This I myself also performed when I was still a youth, and still to this day, my lock of hair and my name are in the temple.