§1Πολύστρατος
ἐγώ σοι, ὦ Αὐκῖνε,
φησὶν ἡ γυνή,
τὰ μὲν ἄλλα πολλὴν ἐνεῖδον τὴν εὔνοιαν πρὸς ἐμὲ καὶ τιμὴν ἐκ τοῦ συγγράμματος· οὐ γὰρ ἂν οὕτως ὑπερεπῄνει τις, εἰ μὴ καὶ μετʼ εὐνοίας συνέγραφε.
Polystratus “To you, Auxinus,” says the woman, “I perceived in other respects much goodwill and honor toward me from the writing; for one would not have praised so excessively, unless he had also written with goodwill.
τὸ δὲ ἐμὸν ὡς ἂν εἰδῇς, τοιόνδε ἐστίν.
But my view, so that you may know it, is as follows.
οὐδὲ ἄλλως μὲν χαίρω τοῖς κολακικοῖς τὸν τρόπον, ἀλλά μοι δοκοῦσιν οἱ τοιοῦτοι γόητες εἶναι καὶ ἥκιστα ἐλεύθεροι τὴν φύσιν· ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἐπαίνοις μάλιστα, ὅταν τις ἐπαινῇ με φορτικὰς καὶ ὑπερμέτρους ποιούμενος τὰς ὑπερβολάς, ἐρυθριῶ τε καὶ ὀλίγου δεῖν ἐπιφράττομαι τὰ ὦτα καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα χλεύῃ μᾶλλον ἢ ἐπαίνῳ ἐοικέναι μοι δοκεῖ. §2Πολύστρατος
μέχρι γὰρ τοῦδε οἱ ἔπαινοι ἀνεκτοί εἰσιν εἰς ὅσον ἂν ὁ ἐπαινούμενος γνωρίζῃ ἕκαστον τῶν λεγομένων προσὸν ἑαυτῷ· τὸ δὲ ὑπὲρ τοῦτο ἀλλότριον ἤδη καὶ κολακεία σαφής.
For I do not otherwise by nature rejoice in flattering ways, but such people seem to me to be cheats and least of all free in their nature; and especially in praises, whenever someone praises me by making vulgar and immoderate exaggerations, I both blush and almost plug my ears, and the matter seems to me to resemble mockery rather than praise.” Polystratus “For praises are tolerable up to this point, so far as the praised person recognizes each of the things said as belonging to himself; but what is beyond this is already foreign and clear flattery.
καίτοι πολλούς,
ἔφη,
οἶδα χαίροντας, εἴ τις αὐτοὺς ἐπαινῶν καὶ ἃ μὴ ἔχουσιν προσάπτοι τῷ λόγῳ, οἷον εἰ γέροντας ὄντας εὐδαιμονίζοι τῆς ἀκμῆς ἢ ἀμόρφοις οὖσι τὸ Νιρέως κάλλος ἢ τὸ Φάωνος περιθείη· οἴονται γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπαίνων ἀλλαγήσεσθαι σφίσι καὶ τὰς μορφὰς καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀνηβήσειν αὖθις, ὥσπερ ὁ Πελίας ᾤετο. §3Πολύστρατος
τὸ δὲ οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει· πολλοῦ γὰρ ἂν ὁ ἔπαινος ἦν τίμιος, εἴ τι καὶ ἔργον αὐτοῦ ἀπολαῦσαι δυνατὸν ἦν ἐκ τῆς τοιαύτης ὑπερβολῆς.
And yet, she said, I know many who rejoice if someone, in praising them, should also attach to the speech things they do not possess, as if, though they are old, one should congratulate them on their youth, or should wrap the beauty of Nireus or Phaon around those who are deformed; for they think that by the praises even their forms will be changed and that they themselves will grow young again, just as Pelias thought.” Polystratus “But the matter is not so; for praise would be of great value if it were possible to enjoy some actual benefit from such exaggeration.
νῦν δὲ ὅμοιόν μοι δοκοῦσιν,
ἔφη,
πάσχειν, ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τινι ἀμόρφῳ προσωπεῖον εὔμορφον ἐπιθείη τις φέρων, ὁ δὲ μέγα ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει φρονοίη, καὶ ταῦτα περιαιρετῷ ὄντι καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ τυχόντος συντριβῆναι δυναμένῳ, ὅτε καὶ γελοιότερος ἂν γένοιτο αὐτοπρόσωπος φανείς, οἷος ὢν ὑφʼ οἵῳ κέκρυπτο· ἢ καὶ νὴ Δίʼ εἴ τις ὑποδησάμενος κοθόρνους μικρὸς αὐτὸς ὢν ἐρίζοι περὶ μεγέθους τοῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰσοπέδου ὅλῳ πήχει ὑπερέχουσιν. §4Πολύστρατος
ἐμέμνητο γὰρ καὶ τοιούτου τινός.
But as it is, they seem to me, she said, to experience something similar, as if someone should bring and place a beautiful mask upon a deformed person, and the latter should be highly conceited about its beauty, and that too when it is removable and capable of being shattered by any chance person, at which time he would become even more ridiculous when he appears in his own person, showing what sort of man he was under what sort of cover he was hidden; or indeed, by Zeus, as if someone who is short should put on buskins and contend about height with those who surpass him by a whole cubit from flat ground.” Polystratus For she also remembered something of this sort.
ἔφη γυναῖκά τινα τῶν ἐπιφανῶν τὰ μὲν ἄλλα καλὴν καὶ κόσμιον, μικρὰν δὲ καὶ πολὺ τοῦ συμμέτρου ἀποδέουσαν, ἐπαινεῖσθαι πρός τινος ποιητοῦ ἐν ᾄσματι τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ὅτι καλή τε καὶ μεγάλη ἦν· αἰγείρῳ δʼ αὐτῆς εἴκαζεν ἐκεῖνος τὸ εὔμηκές τε καὶ ὄρθιον.
She said that a certain notable woman, beautiful and well-ordered in other respects, but short and falling far short of the symmetrical, was praised by a certain poet in a song, among other things, because she was beautiful and tall; and he compared her tall and straight figure to a poplar.
τὴν μὲν δὴ γάνυσθαι τῷ ἐπαίνῳ καθάπερ αὐξανομένην πρὸς τὸ μέλος καὶ τὴν χεῖρα ἐπισείειν, τὸν ποιητὴν δὲ πολλάκις τὸ αὐτὸ ᾄδειν ὁρῶντα ὡς ἥδοιτο ἐπαινουμένη, ἄχρι δὴ τῶν παρόντων τινὰ προσκύψαντα πρὸς τὸ οὖς εἰπεῖν αὐτῷ,
πέπαυσο, ὦ οὗτος, μὴ καὶ ἀναστῆναι ποιήσῃς τὴν γυναῖκα. §5Πολύστρατος
παραπλήσιον δὲ καὶ μακρῷ τούτου γελοιότερον Στρατονίκην ποιῆσαι τὴν Σελεύκου γυναῖκα.
And she indeed exulted in the praise as if growing to the melody, and waved her hand, while the poet sang the same thing many times, seeing how she was pleased by being praised, until indeed one of those present, leaning over to his ear, said to him, “Stop, you there, lest you make the woman stand up.” Polystratus And Stratonice, the wife of Seleucus, did something similar and far more ridiculous than this.
τοῖς γὰρ ποιηταῖς ἀγῶνα προθεῖναι αὐτὴν περὶ ταλάντου, ὅστις ἂν ἄμεινον ἐπαινέσαι αὐτῆς τὴν κόμην, καίτοι φαλακρὰ ἐτύγχανεν οὖσα καὶ οὐδὲ ὅσας ὀλίγας τὰς ἑαυτῆς τρίχας ἔχουσα.
For she proposed a contest for the poets for a talent, to whoever should best praise her hair, although she happened to be bald and did not possess even a few of her own hairs.
καὶ ὅμως οὕτω διακειμένη τὴν κεφαλήν, ἁπάντων εἰδότων ὅτι ἐκ νόσου μακρᾶς τὸ τοιοῦτον ἐπεπόνθει, ἤκουε τῶν καταράτων ποιητῶν ὑακινθίνας τὰς τρίχας αὐτῆς λεγόντων καὶ οὔλους τινὰς πλοκάμους ἀναπλεκόντων καὶ σελίνοις τοὺς μηδὲ ὅλως ὄντας εἰκαζόντων.
And nevertheless, though her head was in such a state, and all knew that she had suffered this from a long illness, she listened to the accursed poets calling her hair hyacinth-colored and weaving curly locks and comparing to celery leaves those which did not exist at all.
§6Πολύστρατος
ἁπάντων οὖν τῶν τοιούτων κατεγέλα τῶν παρεχόντων αὑτοὺς τοῖς κόλαξιν, καὶ προσετίθει δὲ ὅτι μὴ ἐν ἐπαίνοις μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν γραφαῖς τὰ ὅμοια πολλοὶ κολακεύεσθαί τε καὶ ἐξαπατᾶσθαι θέλουσι. χαίρουσι γοῦν,
ἔφη,
τῶν γραφέων ἐκείνοις μάλιστα, οἳ ἂν πρὸς τὸ εὐμορφότερον αὐτοὺς εἰκάσωσιν.
Polystratus She therefore laughed at all such people who offered themselves to flatterers, and she added that not only in praises, but also in paintings many wish to be flattered and deceived in similar ways. “At least they rejoice,” she said, “most in those of the painters who represent them as more beautiful.
εἶναι δέ τινας, οἳ καὶ προστάττουσιν τοῖς τεχνίταις ἢ ἀφελεῖν τι τῆς ῥινὸς ἢ μελάντερα γράψασθαι τὰ ὄμματα ἢ ὅ τι ἂν ἄλλο ἐπιθυμήσωσιν αὑτοῖς προσεῖναι, εἶτα λανθάνειν αὑτοὺς ἀλλοτρίας εἰκόνας στεφανοῦντας καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ἐοικυίας.
And that there are some who even command the craftsmen either to take away something from the nose or to paint the eyes darker or whatever else they might desire to be added to themselves, and then they are unaware that they are crowning foreign images and ones not at all resembling themselves.”