Humanitext Reader

Lucian · Alexander the False Prophet §13-15

The Birth from an Egg and the Exhibition of the Serpent

Passage 4 of 14 · Greek

Summary

Alexander buries a goose egg containing a small snake in the temple foundations at night and unearths it the next day as a miracle, whipping the Paphlagonians into a frenzy. He then presents the Pellaean snake with a crafted linen head as the god Asclepius to the gathered crowds.

§13ἤδη δὲ ἄρχεσθαι δέον, μηχανᾶται τοιόνδε τι· νύκτωρ γὰρ ἐλθὼν ἐπὶ τοὺς θεμελίους τοῦ νεὼ τοὺς ἄρτι ὀρυττομένους — συνειστήκει δὲ ἐν αὐτοῖς ὕδωρ ἢ αὐτόθεν ποθὲν συλλειβόμενον ἢ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ πεσόν — ἐνταῦθα κατατίθεται χήνειον ᾠὸν προκεκενωμένον, ἔνδον φυλάττον ἑρπετόν τι ἀρτιγέννητον, καὶ βυθίσας τοῦτο ἐν μυχῷ τοῦ πηλοῦ ὀπίσω αὖθις ἀπηλλάττετο.
And when it was time to begin, he devised something like this: having gone by night to the foundations of the temple which were just being dug—and in them had accumulated water, either oozing from the spot itself or fallen from heaven—there he deposited a goose egg, previously emptied, keeping inside a newborn reptile; and having submerged this in the depths of the mud, he departed back again.
ἕωθεν δὲ γυμνὸς εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν προπηδήσας, διάζωμα περὶ τὸ αἰδοῖον ἔχων, κατάχρυσον καὶ τοῦτο, καὶ τὴν ἅρπην ἐκείνην φέρων, σείων ἅμα τὴν κόμην ἄνετον ὥσπερ οἱ τῇ μητρὶ ἀγείροντές τε καὶ ἐνθεαζόμενοι, ἐδημηγόρει ἐπὶ βωμόν τινα ὑψηλὸν ἀναβὰς καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐμακάριζεν αὐτίκα μάλα δεξομένην ἐναργῆ τὸν θεόν.
And at dawn, having leaped out naked into the marketplace, wearing only a loincloth about his private parts, and this one gilded too, and carrying that famous sickle, shaking at the same time his loose hair like those who collect alms and grow frantic for the Mother, he made a public speech, having mounted upon a certain high altar, and blessed the city, which was very shortly to receive the god in visible form.
οἱ παρόντες δέ — συνδεδραμήκει γὰρ σχεδὸν ἅπασα ἡ πόλις ἅμα γυναιξὶ καὶ γέρουσι καὶ παιδίοις — ἐτεθήπεσαν καὶ εὔχοντο καὶ προσεκύνουν.
And those present—for almost the whole city had run together, along with women, old men, and children—were astonished, and prayed, and worshipped.
ὁ δὲ φωνάς τινας ἀσήμους φθεγγόμενος, οἷαι γένοιντο ἂν Ἑβραίων ἢ Φοινίκων, ἐξέπληττε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους οὐκ εἰδότας ὅ τι καὶ λέγοι, πλὴν τοῦτο μόνον, ὅτι πᾶσιν ἐγκατεμίγνυ τὸν Ἀπόλλω καὶ τὸν Ἀσκληπιόν.
And he, uttering certain unintelligible words, such as those of Hebrews or Phoenicians might be, astonished the people who did not know what he was saying, except for this alone, that into all his words he intermingled Apollo and Asclepius.
§14εἶτʼ ἔθει δρόμῳ ἐπὶ τὸν ἐσόμενον νεών· καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρυγμα ἐλθὼν καὶ τὴν προῳκονομημένην τοῦ χρηστηρίου πηγήν, ἐμβὰς εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ ὕμνους τε ᾖδεν Ἀσκληπιοῦ καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῇ καὶ ἐκάλει τὸν θεὸν ἥκειν τύχῃ τῇ ἀγαθῇ εἰς τὴν πόλιν.
Then he ran at full speed to the future temple; and having come to the excavation and the pre-arranged spring of the oracle, stepping into the water, he sang hymns of Asclepius and Apollo with a loud voice and called upon the god to come with good fortune to the city.
εἶτα φιάλην αἰτήσας, ἀναδόντος τινός, ῥᾳδίως ὑποβαλὼν ἀνιμᾶται μετὰ τοῦ ὕδατος καὶ τοῦ πηλοῦ τὸ ᾠὸν ἐκεῖνο ἐν ᾧ ὁ θεὸς αὐτῷ κατεκέκλειστο, κηρῷ λευκῷ καὶ ψιμυθίῳ τὴν ἁρμογὴν τοῦ πώματος συγκεκολλημένον·
Then having asked for a saucer, when someone handed one up, easily putting it underneath, he scooped up with the water and the mud that egg in which the god had been enclosed by him, the joint of the lid being cemented with white wax and white lead.
καὶ λαβὼν αὐτὸ εἰς τὰς χεῖρας ἔχειν ἔφασκεν ἤδη τὸν Ἀσκληπιόν.
And taking it into his hands, he declared that he already held Asclepius.
οἱ δὲ ἀπενὲς ἀπέβλεπον ὅ τι καὶ γίγνοιτο, πολὺ πρότερον θαυμάσαντες τὸ ᾠὸν ἐν τῷ ὕδατι εὑρημένον.
And they stared intently to see what would happen, having much sooner wondered at the egg found in the water.
ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ κατάξας αὐτὸ εἰς κοίλην τὴν χεῖρα ὑπεδέξατο τὸ τοῦ ἑρπετοῦ ἐκείνου ἔμβρυον καὶ οἱ παρόντες εἶδον κινούμενον καὶ περὶ τοῖς δακτύλοις εἰλούμενον, ἀνέκραγον εὐθὺς καὶ ἠσπάζοντο τὸν θεὸν καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐμακάριζον καὶ χανδὸν ἕκαστος ἐνεπίμπλατο τῶν εὐχῶν, θησαυροὺς καὶ πλούτους καὶ ὑγιείας καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ἀγαθὰ αἰτῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ.
And when he broke it and received in his hollow hand the embryo of that reptile, and those present saw it moving and winding around his fingers, they immediately cried out and welcomed the god, and blessed the city, and each one filled himself to the brim with prayers, asking for treasures, wealth, health, and all other blessings from him.
ὁ δὲ δρομαῖος αὖθις ἐπὶ τὴν οἰκίαν ἵετο φέρων ἅμα καὶ τὸν ἀρτιγέννητον Ἀσκληπιόν, δὶς τεχθέντα, ὅτε ἄλλοι ἅπαξ τίκτοντʼ ἄνθρωποι, οὐκ ἐκ Κορωνίδος μὰ Δίʼ οὐδέ γε κορώνης, ἀλλʼ ἐκ χηνὸς γεγεννημένον.
And he rushed back running to his house, carrying with him the newborn Asclepius, born twice, when other men are born but once, not, by Zeus, from Coronis nor indeed from a crow, but born of a goose.
ὁ δὲ λεὼς ἅπας ἠκολούθει, πάντες ἔνθεοι καὶ μεμηνότες ὑπὸ τῶν ἐλπίδων.
And all the people followed, all inspired and driven mad by their hopes.
§15ἡμέρας μὲν οὖν τινας οἴκοι ἔμεινεν ἐλπίζων ὅπερ ἦν, ὑπὸ τῆς φήμης αὐτίκα μάλα παμπόλλους τῶν Παφλαγόνων συνδραμεῖσθαι.
For some days, then, he remained at home, expecting what indeed happened, that because of the rumor very many of the Paphlagonians would quickly run together.
ἐπεὶ δὲ ὑπερεπέπληστο ἀνθρώπων ἡ πόλις, ἁπάντων τοὺς ἐγκεφάλους καὶ τὰς καρδίας προεξῃρημένων οὐδὲν ἐοικότων σιτοφάγοις ἀνδράσιν, ἀλλὰ μόνῃ τῇ μορφῇ μὴ οὐχὶ πρόβατα εἶναι διαφερόντων, ἐν οἰκίσκῳ τινὶ ἐπὶ κλίνης καθεζόμενος μάλα θεοπρεπῶς ἐσταλμένος ἐλάμβανεν εἰς τὸν κόλπον τὸν Πελλαῖον ἐκεῖνον Ἀσκληπιόν, μέγιστόν τε καὶ κάλλιστον, ὡς ἔφην, ὄντα, καὶ ὅλον τῷ αὑτοῦ τραχήλῳ περιειλήσας καὶ τὴν οὐρὰν ἔξω ἀφείς — πολὺς δὲ ἦν — ἐν τῷ προκολπίῳ προκεχύσθαι αὐτοῦ καὶ χαμαὶ τὸ μέρος ἐπισύρεσθαι, μόνην τὴν κεφαλὴν ὑπὸ μάλης ἔχων καὶ ἀποκρύπτων, ἀνεχομένου πάντα ἐκείνου, προὔφαινεν τὴν ὀθονίνην κεφαλὴν κατὰ θάτερον τοῦ πώγωνος, ὡς δῆθεν ἐκείνου τοῦ φαινομένου πάντως οὖσαν.
And when the city was overflowing with people, all of them having had their brains and hearts pre-extracted, resembling in no way bread-eating men, but differing only in shape from not being sheep, sitting in a small room on a couch, dressed in a highly god-befitting manner, he took into his bosom that Pellaean Asclepius, who was, as I said, very large and beautiful, and having wound it entirely around his own neck and letting the tail hang out—and there was a lot of it—poured out in his lap and partly trailing on the ground, keeping and hiding only the head under his armpit, since that creature submitted to everything, he showed the linen head on one side of his beard, as if indeed that which was seen belonged entirely to it.

Notes

  1. §13ἄρχεσθαι δέον — The neuter present participle δέον of the impersonal verb δεῖ functions as an impersonal accusative absolute, meaning "it being necessary to begin" or "when it was time to begin."
  2. §14οὐκ ἐκ Κορωνίδος μὰ Δίʼ οὐδέ γε κορώνης — A humorous wordplay based on the homonymy between "Coronis" (Κορωνίς), the mythological mother of Asclepius, and "corone" (κορώνη), the Greek word for a crow.
  3. §15μὴ οὐχὶ πρόβατα εἶναι — The construction μὴ οὐχὶ with the infinitive εἶναι follows the participle of difference διαφερόντων, serving to reinforce the negative idea after a comparative/negative-leaning verb, meaning "differing only in shape from not being sheep" (i.e., they were practically sheep).
  4. §15ὡς δῆθεν ἐκείνου τοῦ φαινομένου πάντως οὖσαν — The accusative participle οὖσαν agrees with the direct object τὴν ὀθονίνην κεφαλήν (the linen head) and is introduced by the particle of subjective appearance ὡς δῆθεν ("as if indeed"), expressing the deceit: "presenting the linen head as if it were indeed the head of that visible serpent."

Cite this passage

Lucian, Alexander the False Prophet §13-15. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg038.humanitext-grc2:13-15

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