Humanitext Reader

Lucian · Timon or The Misanthrope §51-54

Demeas's False Decree and the Philosopher Thrasycles

Passage 11 of 12 · Greek

Summary

Demeas reads out a decree praising Timon with absurdly fabricated achievements, only to be beaten by Timon and then resort to groundless accusations of arson and temple-robbing. Afterwards, Thrasycles the philosopher approaches, who preaches virtue in the morning but behaves greedily at feasts.

§51Τίμων πῶς;
Timon How?
διὰ γὰρ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ὅπλα οὐδὲ προὐγράφην ἐν τῷ καταλόγῳ.
For since I did not have arms, I was not even registered on the muster-roll.
Δημέας μέτρια τὰ περὶ σαυτοῦ λέγεις, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀχάριστοι ἂν εἴημεν ἀμνημονοῦντες.
Demeas You speak modestly of yourself, but we should be ungrateful if we were forgetful.
ἔτι δὲ καὶ ψηφίσματα γράφων καὶ συμβουλεύων καὶ στρατηγῶν οὐ μικρὰ ὠφέλησε τὴν πόλιν·
And further, by drafting decrees, advising, and serving as general, he has benefited the city in no small way.
ἐπὶ τούτοις ἅπασι δεδόχθω τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ καὶ τῇ Ἡλιαίᾳ καὶ ταῖς φυλαῖς καὶ τοῖς δήμοις ἰδίᾳ καὶ κοινῇ πᾶσι χρυσοῦν ἀναστῆσαι τὸν Τίμωνα παρὰ τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν ἐν τῇ ἀκροπόλει κεραυνὸν ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ ἔχοντα καὶ ἀκτῖνας ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ στεφανῶσαι αὐτὸν χρυσοῖς στεφάνοις ἑπτὰ καὶ ἀνακηρυχθῆναι τοὺς στεφάνους τήμερον Διονυσίοις τραγῳδοῖς καινοῖς — ἀχθῆναι γὰρ διʼ αὐτὸν δεῖ τήμερον τὰ Διονύσια.
In view of all these things, be it resolved by the Council, and the People, and the Heliaea, and the tribes, and the demes individually and collectively for all, to set up a golden statue of Timon on the Acropolis next to Athena, holding a thunderbolt in his right hand and rays upon his head, and to crown him with seven golden crowns, and that these crowns be proclaimed today at the Dionysia during the new tragedies—for on his account the Dionysia must be celebrated today.
εἶπε τὴν γνώμην Δημέας ὁ ῥήτωρ, συγγενὴς αὐτοῦ ἀγχιστεὺς καὶ μαθητὴς ὤν· καὶ γὰρ ῥήτωρ ἄριστος ὁ Τίμων καὶ τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ὁπόσα ἂν ἐθέλῃ.
The motion was proposed by Demeas the orator, being his close kinsman and pupil; for Timon is also an excellent orator, and all other things whatsoever he wishes to be.
§52Δημέας τουτὶ μὲν οὖν σοι τὸ ψήφισμα.
Demeas So this is the decree for you.
ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἐβουλόμην ἀγαγεῖν παρὰ σέ, ὃν ἐπὶ τῷ σῷ ὀνόματι Τίμωνα ὠνόμακα.
And I wished also to bring my son to you, whom I have named Timon after your name.
Τίμων πῶς, ὦ Δημέα, ὃς οὐδὲ γεγάμηκας, ὅσα γε καὶ ἡμᾶς εἰδέναι;
Timon How, Demeas, since you have not even married, as far as we know?
Δημέας ἀλλὰ γαμῶ, ἢν διδῷ θεός, ἐς νέωτα καὶ παιδοποιήσομαι καὶ τὸ γεννηθησόμενον — ἄρρεν γὰρ ἔσται — Τίμωνα ἤδη καλῶ.
Demeas But I shall marry next year, if god grants, and have children; and the one to be born—for it will be male—I already call Timon.
Τίμων οὐκ οἶδα εἰ γαμησείεις ἔτι, ὦ οὗτος, τηλικαύτην παρʼ ἐμοῦ πληγὴν λαμβάνων.
Timon I do not know if you will still desire to marry, my friend, when you receive such a blow from me.
Δημέας οἴμοι·
Demeas Alas!
τί τοῦτο;
What is this?
τυραννίδι Τίμων ἐπιχειρεῖς καὶ τύπτεις τοὺς ἐλευθέρους οὐ καθαρῶς ἐλεύθερος οὐδʼ αὐτὸς ὤν;
Are you aiming at tyranny, Timon, and striking free men when you yourself are not even purely free?
ἀλλὰ δώσεις ἐν τάχει τὴν δίκην τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ὅτι τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἐνέπρησας.
But you shall soon pay the penalty, among other things, for having set fire to the Acropolis.
§53Τίμων ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐμπέπρησται, ὦ μιαρέ, ἡ ἀκρόπολις·
Timon But the Acropolis has not been set on fire, you wretch!
ὥστε δῆλος εἶ συκοφαντῶν.
So you are clearly a false accuser.
Δημέας ἀλλὰ καὶ πλουτεῖς τὸν ὀπισθόδομον διορύξας.
Demeas But you are also rich because you broke into the opisthodomos.
Τίμων οὐ διώρυκται οὐδὲ οὗτος, ὥστε ἀπίθανά σου καὶ ταῦτα.
Timon Neither has that been broken into, so this story of yours is also incredible.
Δημέας διορυχθήσεται μὲν ὕστερον· ἤδη δὲ σὺ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτῷ ἔχεις.
Demeas It will indeed be broken into later; but you already have all that was in it.
Τίμων οὐκοῦν καὶ ἄλλην λάμβανε.
Timon Then take another blow.
Δημέας οἴμοι τὸ μετάφρενον.
Demeas Alas, my back!
Τίμων μὴ κέκραχθι· κατοίσω γάρ σοι καὶ τρίτην·
Timon Do not shout; for I shall bring down a third one upon you.
ἐπεὶ καὶ γελοῖα πάμπαν ἂν πάθοιμι δύο μὲν Λακεδαιμονίων μόρας κατακόψας ἄνοπλος, ἓν δὲ μιαρὸν ἀνθρώπιον μὴ ἐπιτρίψας· μάτην γὰρ ἂν εἴην καὶ νενικηκὼς Ὀλύμπια πὺξ καὶ πάλην.
For indeed I should suffer a utterly ridiculous fate if, after cutting to pieces two divisions of Lacedaemonians unarmed, I did not crush one filthy little man; for then in vain would I have won the boxing and wrestling at Olympia.
§54Τίμων ἀλλὰ τί τοῦτο;
Timon But what is this?
οὐ Θρασυκλῆς ὁ φιλόσοφος οὗτός ἐστιν;
Is this not Thrasycles the philosopher?
οὐ μὲν οὖν ἄλλος·
Indeed, it is no other.
ἐκπετάσας γοῦν τὸν πώγωνα καὶ τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνατείνας καὶ βρενθυόμενός τι πρὸς αὑτὸν ἔρχεται, τιτανῶδες βλέπων, ἀνασεσοβημένος τὴν ἐπὶ τῷ μετώπῳ κόμην, Αὐτοβορέας τις ἢ Τρίτων, οἵους ὁ Ζεῦξις ἔγραψεν.
At any rate, spreading out his beard and raising his eyebrows, and muttering some boast to himself, he comes, looking titan-like, with his hair above his forehead tossed back, like some Boreas or Triton, such as Zeuxis painted.
οὗτος ὁ τὸ σχῆμα εὐσταλὴς καὶ κόσμιος τὸ βάδισμα καὶ σωφρονικὸς τὴν ἀναβολὴν ἕωθεν μυρία ὅσα περὶ ἀρετῆς διεξιὼν καὶ τῶν ἡδονῇ χαιρόντων κατηγορῶν καὶ τὸ ὀλιγαρκὲς ἐπαινῶν, ἐπειδὴ λουσάμενος ἀφίκοιτο ἐπὶ τὸ δεῖπνον καὶ ὁ παῖς μεγάλην τὴν κύλικα ὀρέξειεν αὐτῷ — τῷ ζωροτέρῳ δὲ χαίρει μάλιστα — καθάπερ τὸ Λήθης ὕδωρ ἐκπιὼν ἐναντιώτατα ἐπιδείκνυται τοῖς ἑωθινοῖς ἐκείνοις λόγοις, προαρπάζων ὥσπερ ἴκτινος τὰ ὄψα καὶ τὸν πλησίον παραγκωνιζόμενος, καρύκης τὸ γένειον ἀνάπλεως, κυνηδὸν ἐμφορούμενος, ἐπικεκυφὼς καθάπερ ἐν ταῖς λοπάσι τὴν ἀρετὴν εὑρήσειν προσδοκῶν, ἀκριβῶς τὰ τρύβλια τῷ λιχανῷ ἀποσμήχων ὡς μηδὲ ὀλίγον τοῦ μυττωτοῦ καταλίποι,
This man, so decent in appearance, orderly in his gait, and sober in his attire, who in the morning discourses infinitely about virtue, and accuses those who rejoice in pleasure, and praises frugality, when, after bathing, he arrives at the dinner, and the slave offers him a large cup—and he especially delights in unmixed wine—just as if he had drunk the water of Lethe, he displays behavior entirely contrary to those morning discourses, snatching up the delicacies like a kite, elbowing his neighbor, his beard smeared with sauce, stuffing himself like a dog, bending down as if expecting to find virtue in the dishes, carefully wiping the bowls clean with his forefinger so as not to leave even a little of the garlic-sauce,

Notes

  1. 51ἂν εἴημεν ἀμνημονοῦντες — A periphrastic potential optative construction with ἄν, where the participle ἀμνημονοῦντες functions as a conditional clause (= εἰ ἀμνημονοῖμεν) expressing a potential condition.
  2. p.v.2.p.384δεδόχθω — The third-person singular perfect passive imperative of δοκέω, used in official decree formulas ("be it resolved"). The grammatical subject is the series of subsequent infinitive clauses (ἀναστῆσαι, στεφανῶσαι, and ἀνακηρυχθῆναι).
  3. 52ὅσα γε καὶ ἡμᾶς εἰδέναι — A restrictive absolute infinitive construction meaning "as far as we know." The accusative ἡμᾶς functions as the subject of the infinitive εἰδέναι.
  4. 52γαμησείεις — The second-person singular present active indicative of the desiderative verb γαμησείω ("wish to marry"), derived from γαμέω. The suffix -σείω expresses desire or intent to perform the action.
  5. 53δύο μὲν Λακεδαιμονίων μόρας κατακόψας ἄνοπλος ... μὴ ἐπιτρίψας — Syntactic structure within the causal clause introduced by ἐπεί. The participle κατακόψας carries a concessive force ("although I cut to pieces"), whereas the conditional participle μὴ ἐπιτρίψας (negated by μή) serves as the protasis ("if I should not crush") for the potential optative ἂν πάθοιμι.
  6. 54μυρία ὅσα — An idiomatic combination of a neuter plural adjective and a relative pronoun, functioning as an adjectival phrase meaning "countless" or "infinitely many."
  7. p.v.2.p.388ὡς μηδὲ ὀλίγον τοῦ μυττωτοῦ καταλίποι — A subordinate clause introduced by ὡς (expressing result or purpose). The optative καταλίποι is employed in accordance with the sequence of moods, triggered by the historical presents and habitual pasts in the main clause.

Cite this passage

Lucian, Timon or The Misanthrope §51-54. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg022.humanitext-grc2:51-54

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