Humanitext Reader

Pseudo-Lucian · Ocypus §0-80

Podagra's Revenge and the Suffering Ocypus

Passage 1 of 2 · Greek

Summary

The goddess Podagra recounts how she punished the arrogant Ocypus who mocked her, followed by a dialogue between the suffering Ocypus, his tutor, and a physician who arrives to treat him.

§0Ὠκύπους Ποδαλειρίου καὶ Ἀστασίας υἱὸς ἐγένετο, κάλλει καὶ δυνάμει διαφέρων, γυμνασίων τε καὶ κυνηγεσίων μὴ ἀμελῶν.
Ocypus was born the son of Podalirius and Astasia, excelling in beauty and strength, not neglecting gymnastics and hunting.
πολλάκις δὲ θεωρῶν τοὺς ἐχομένους ὑπὸ τῆς ἀτέγκτου Ποδάγρας κατεγέλα φάσκων μηδὲν ὅλως εἶναι τὸ πάθος.
Often beholding those seized by the relentless Podagra, he mocked them, claiming that the suffering was absolutely nothing.
ἡ θεὸς τοίνυν ἀγανακτεῖ καὶ διὰ ποδῶν εἰστρέχει.
Therefore, the goddess grew angry and ran in through his feet.
τοῦ δ’ εὐτόνως φέροντος καὶ ἀρνουμένου, ὕπτιον ὅλως τίθησιν ἡ θεός.
While he bore it resolutely and denied it, the goddess laid him completely flat on his back.
ἡ μὲν σκηνὴ τοῦ δράματος ὑπόκειται ἐν Θήβαις· ὁ δὲ χορὸς συνέστηκεν ἐξ ἐπιχωρίων ποδαγρῶν.
The scene of the drama is set in Thebes; and the chorus consists of local gout patients.
συνελεγχόντων τὸν Ὠκύπουν.
They refute Ocypus.
τὸ δὲ δρᾶμα τῶν πάνυ ἀστείων.
The drama is of the very witty kind.
τὰ τοῦ δράματος πρόσωπα Ποδάγρα. Ὠκύπους, Τροφεύς, Ἰατρός, Πόνος, Ἄγγελος.
The characters of the drama are: Podagra, Ocypus, Tropheus, Iatros, Ponos, Angelos.
προλογίζει δὲ ἡ Ποδάγρα.
Podagra speaks the prologue.
§1Δεινὴ μὲν ἐν βροτοῖσι καὶ δυσώνυμος §2Ποδάγρα κέκλημαι, δεινὸν ἀνθρώποις πάθος, §3δεσμῶ δὲ νευρίνοισι τοὺς πόδας βρόχοις, §4ἄρθροισιν εἰσδραμοῦσα μὴ νοουμένη.
Terrible indeed among mortals and of ill name, I am called Podagra, a dreadful suffering for men, and I bind their feet with loops of sinew, running into the joints without being noticed.
§5γελῶ δὲ τοὺς πληγέντας ὑπ’ ἐμοῦ * * §6καὶ μὴ λέγοντας ἀτρεκῆ τῆς συμφορᾶς, §7ἀλλ’ εἰς ματαίαν πρόφασιν ἐξησκημένους.
And I laugh at those struck by me * * and who do not speak the truth of their misfortune, but are well-practiced in vain excuses.
§8ἅπας γὰρ αὑτὸν βουκολεῖ ψευδοστομῶν, §9ὡς ἐνσεσεικὼς ἢ προκόψας ποι βάσιν §10λέγει φίλοισι, μὴ φράσας τὴν αἰτίαν·
For everyone deceives himself with false speech, saying to his friends that he has somehow wrenched his foot or stumbled, not telling the true cause.
§11ὃ μὴ λέγει γάρ, ὡς δοκῶν λαθεῖν τινας, §12χρόνος δέ γ’ ἕρπων μηνύει, κἂν μὴ θέλῃ.
For what he does not say, thinking to escape notice, creeping time reveals, even if he does not wish it.
§13καὶ τότε δαμασθείς, ὀνομάσας μου τοὔνομα, §14πᾶσιν θρίαμβος ἐμβεβάστακται φίλοις.
And then, subdued, having named my name, he is carried high as a laughingstock for all his friends.
§15Πόνος δὲ μοι συνεργός ἐστι τῶν κακῶν· §16ἐγὼ γὰρ οὐδέν εἰμι τούτου δίχα μόνη.
And Ponos is my co-worker in evils; for I am nothing alone without him.
§17τοῦτ’ οὖν δάκνει μὲ καὶ φρενῶν καθάπτεται, §18ὅτι τὸν ἅπασιν αἴτιον Πόνον κακῶν §19οὐδεὶς κακούργοις λοιδορεῖ βλασφημίαις, §20ἀλλὰ κατ’ ἐμοῦ πέμπουσι δυσφήμους ἀρὰς §21ὡς δεσμὸν ἐλπίζοντες ἐκφυγεῖν ἐμόν.
This, then, bites me and touches my heart, that Ponos, who is the cause of evils to all, no one abuses with wicked insults, but against me they send ill-omened curses, hoping thus to escape my bond.
§22τί ταῦτα φλυαρῶ κοὺ λέγω τίνος χάριν §23πάρειμι μὴ φέρουσα τὴν ἐμὴν χολήν;
Why do I babble these things and not say for what sake I am present, unable to bear my anger?
§24ὁ γὰρ δόλον γενναῖος, ὁ θρασὺς Ὠκύπους §25φρονεῖ καθ’ ἡμῶν μηδὲν εἶναί μέ τι λέγων.
For the noble in guile, the bold Ocypus, is arrogant against us, saying that I am nothing.
§26ἐγὼ δ’ ὑπ’ ὀργῆς ὡς γυνὴ δεδηγμένη §27ἀντέδακα τοῦτον ἀθεράπευτον εὐστόχως, §28ὡς ἦν ἔθος μοι κονδύλου ποδὸς τυχεῖν.
But I, bitten by anger like a woman, bit him back incurably and with good aim, as it was my habit to hit the ankle of the foot.
§29ἤδη δ’ ὁ δεινὸς Πόνος ἔχει λεπτὸν τόπον §30καὶ τὴν βάσιν νυγμοῖσι τρυπᾷ τὴν κάτω.
And now terrible Ponos occupies the tender place and pierces the lower sole with stabs.
§31ὁ δ’ ὡς δρόμοισιν ἢ πάλῃ πλήξας ἴχνος §32πλανᾷ γέροντα παιδαγωγὸν ἄθλιον.
But he, as if having hurt his foot in running or wrestling, deceives his wretched old tutor.
§33καὶ κλεψίχωλον πόδα τιθεὶς ἰχνευμένον §34δύστηνος αὐτὸς ἐκ δόμων προσέρχεται.
And setting down a stealthily limping, searching foot, the miserable youth himself comes forth from the house.
§35Πόθεν δ’ ὁ δεινὸς κατὰ ποδῶν οὗτος παρῆν §36ἀτραυμάτιστος, ἄβατος, ἄστατος πόνος;
Whence has this terrible pain of the feet arrived, uninjured, impassable, unstable?
§37τείνει δὲ νεῦρον οἷα τοξότης ἀνὴρ §38βέλος προπέμπων καὶ στένειν βιάζεται· §39τὸ τῶν πονούντων ἔσχατον στοιχεῖ χρόνῳ.
It stretches the tendon like an archer sending forth an arrow, and forces him to groan; this extreme of those in pain follows in time.
§40Ἔπαιρε σαυτόν, ὦ τέκνον, καὶ κούφισον.
Raise yourself, my child, and lighten your weight.
§41μή πῶς με πίπτων καταβάλῃς σὺ χωλὸς ὦν.
Lest somehow falling, you throw me down, since you are lame.
§42Ἰδού, κρατῶ σε δίχα βάρους καὶ πείθομαι §43καὶ τὸν πονοῦντα πόδα τιθῶ καὶ καρτερῶ· §44νεωτέρῳ γὰρ αἶσχος ἐν παισὶν ἀεὶ §45ὑπηρέτης ἀδύνατος γογγύζων γέρων.
Behold, I hold you without weight and I obey, and I place my painful foot and endure; for it is always a shame for a younger man among boys to have an old, powerless, grumbling servant.
§46Μὴ μὴ σὺ ταῦτα, μωρέ, μή με κερτομει, §47μή μ’ ὡς νέος κόμπαξε, τοῦτ’ εἰδὼς ὅτι §48ἐν ταῖς ἀνάγκαις πᾶς γέρων ἐστὶν νέος.
No, do not say such things, foolish boy, do not mock me, do not boast as a youth, knowing this: in times of necessity, every old man is young.
§49πείθου λέγοντι· τὸ πέρας ἂν ὑποσπάσω, §50ἔστην ὁ πρέσβυς, σὺ δ’ ὁ νέος πίπτεις χαμαί.
Obey me as I speak: if I withdraw the ultimate support, I, the old man, stand, but you, the youth, fall to the ground.
§51Σὺ δ’ ἂν σφαλῇς, πέπτωκας ἄπονος ὢν γέρων.
But if you stumble, you fall, being an old man without pain.
§52προθυμία γὰρ ἐν γέρουσι παρέπεται, §53πρᾶξις δὲ τούτοις οὐκέτ’ ἐστὶν εὔτονος.
For eagerness indeed accompanies old men, but action is no longer vigorous in them.
§54Τί μοι σοφίζῃ. κοὺ λέγεις οἵῳ τρόπῳ §55πόνος προσῆλθε σοῦ ποδὸς κοίλην βασιν;
Why do you play the philosopher with me, and do not say in what way pain has come to the hollow sole of your foot?
§56Δρόμοισιν ἀσκῶν, κοῦφον ὡς τιθῶ πόδα, §57τρέχων ἔτεινα. καὶ συνεμμίχθην πόνῳ.
Practising in running, so as to make my foot light, I ran and stretched it; and I was joined with pain.
§58Πάλιν τρέχ᾿, ὡς τις εἶπεν, ὃς καθήμενος §59πώγωνα τίλλει χουριῶν ὑπ’ ὠλέναις.
Run again, as someone said who, sitting down, plucks his beard under his armpits.
§60Οὐκοῦν παλαίων ὡς θέλων παρεμβολὴν §61βαλεῖν ἐπλήγην.
Well then, while wrestling, wishing to throw a hold, I was struck.
τοῦτο δὴ πίστευέ μοι.
Believe this indeed of me.
§62Ποῖος στρατιώτης γέγονας, ἵνα παρεμβολὴν §63βαλὼν σὺ πληγῇς;
What kind of soldier have you become, that wishing to throw a hold you should be struck?
περικυκλεῖς ψευδῆ λόγον.
You spin a false tale.
§64τὸν αὐτὸν ἡμεῖς εἴχομεν λόγον ποτὲ §65μηδενὶ λέγοντες τὴν ἀλήθειαν φίλων.
We too once held the same story, telling the truth to none of our friends.
§66νῦν δ’ εἰσορᾷς ἅπαντας ἐξ. . . . .
But now you see all from...
§67ὁ πόνος δ’ ἑλίξας ἐμμελῶς διαστρέφει.
and pain, winding harmoniously, twists you.
§68Ποῖ ποῖ καθεύρω κλεινὸν Ὠκύπουν, φίλοι, §69τὸν πόδα πονοῦντα καὶ βάσιν παρειμένον;
Whither, whither shall I find the famous Ocypus, friends, with his foot in pain and his step paralyzed?
§70ἰατρὸς ὢν γὰρ ἔκλυον ὑπὸ φίλου τινὸς §71πάσχοντα δεινὰ τοῦτον ἀστάτῳ πάθει.
For, being a physician, I heard from a certain friend that he was suffering terribly from an unstable affliction.
§72ἀλλ’ αὐτὸς οὗτος ἐγγὺς ὀμμάτων ἐμῶν §73κεῖται κατ’ εὐνῆς ὕπτιος βεβλημένος.
But here he is, close to my eyes, lying flat on his back upon his bed.
§74ἀσπάζομαί σε πρὸς θεῶν, καὶ σὸν πάθος §75τί τοῦτο;
I greet you by the gods, and what is this suffering of yours?
λέξον, Ὠκύπου, τάχ’, ὡς μάθω
Speak, Ocypus, quickly, so that I may learn.
§76εἰ γὰρ μάθοιμι, τυχὸν ἴσως ἰάσομαι §77τὸ δεινὸν ἄλγος, τοῦ πάθους τὴν συμφορᾶν.
For if I should learn, perhaps indeed I shall heal the terrible pain, the misfortune of your affliction.
§78Ὁρᾷς με, Σωτὴρ καὶ πάλιν Σωτήριχε, §79σάλπιγγος αὐτῆς ὄνομ’ ἔχων Σωτήριχε, §80δεινὸς πόνος μὲ τοῦ ποδὸς δάκνει κακῶς,
You see me, Soter, and again Soterichos, Soterichos, having the name of the trumpet itself, terrible pain bites my foot grievously.

Notes

  1. §0τοῦ δ’ εὐτόνως φέροντος — A genitive absolute construction where "τοῦ δ’" refers to the preceding "Ὠκύπους". Along with the following participle "ἀρνουμένου", it denotes an agent different from the subject of the main clause, "ἡ θεός".
  2. §11ὡς δοκῶν — The nominative participle "δοκῶν" agrees not with the grammatical subject of the main clause "χρόνος" (line 12), but with the implied subject of the relative clause verb "λέγει" (the patient). This is a typical instance of nominative anacoluthon.
  3. §49τὸ πέρας ἂν ὑποσπάσω — A conditional protasis with "ἄν" and the subjunctive (or future indicative), whose apodosis leads to the past indicative "ἔστην" and present "πίπτεις" in line 50. This construction visualizes a hypothetical scenario while emphasizing the inevitable result in reality.
  4. §78Σωτὴρ καὶ πάλιν Σωτήριχε — A humorous wordplay play upon the etymology of the proper name "Σωτήριχος" (related to "σωτήρ", meaning "savior"). Its association with the "trumpet" (σάλπιγξ) in line 79 likely stems from a metaphor of a military call/rescue signal or a proverbial expression of the time.

Cite this passage

Pseudo-Lucian, Ocypus §0-80. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0061.tlg005.humanitext-grc1:0-80

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