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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §19.14.1-19.14.8

Expulsion of Peithon and the Eastern Satraps' Coalition

Passage 91 of 301 · Greek

Summary

The background of Peithon's aggression in Parthia and the resulting coalition of other satraps is explained, followed by a detailed list of the Eastern satraps and their respective forces assembled to assist Eumenes.

§19.14.1Πίθων σατράπης μὲν ἀπεδέδεικτο Μηδίας, στρατηγὸς δὲ τῶν ἄνω σατραπειῶν ἁπασῶν γενόμενος Φιλώταν μὲν τὸν προϋπάρχοντα Παρθυαίας στρατηγὸν ἀπέκτεινε, τὸν δὲ αὑτοῦ ἀδελφὸν Εὔδαμον ἀντὶ τούτου κατέστησεν.
Peithon had been appointed satrap of Media, but when he became general of all the upper satrapies, he killed Philotas, the existing general of Parthia, and established his own brother Eudamus in his place.
§19.14.2οὗ γενομένου συνέδραμον οἱ λοιποὶ σατράπαι πάντες, φοβηθέντες μὴ τὸ παραπλήσιον πάθωσιν, ὄντος τοῦ Πίθωνος κινητικοῦ καὶ μεγάλα ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς περιβαλομένου.
When this happened, all the other satraps rushed together, fearing lest they should suffer a similar fate, since Peithon was turbulent and aimed at great things in his designs.
περιγενόμενοι δʼ αὐτοῦ μάχῃ καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν συναγωνισαμένων ἀνελόντες ἐξήλασαν ἐκ τῆς Παρθυαίας.
Having overcome him in battle and slain many of his fellow-combatants, they drove him out of Parthia.
§19.14.3κἀκεῖνος τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς Μηδίαν, μετʼ ὀλίγον δʼ εἰς τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παραγενόμενος παρεκάλει τὸν Σέλευκον βοηθεῖν αὐτῷ καὶ κοινωνεῖν τῶν αὐτῶν ἐλπίδων.
He at first withdrew to Media, but shortly afterwards, having arrived in Babylon, he urged Seleucus to help him and to share in the same hopes.
§19.14.4διὰ δὴ ταύτας τὰς αἰτίας τῶν ἄνω σατραπῶν συνηθροικότων εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ τὰ στρατόπεδα παρῆσαν οἱ παρʼ Εὐμενοῦς βυβλιαφόροι πρὸς ἑτοίμας τὰς δυνάμεις.
For these very reasons, as the upper satraps had assembled their armies in the same place, the messengers with letters from Eumenes arrived before forces that were already prepared.
ἦν δὲ τῶν ἡγεμόνων ἐπιφανέστατος μὲν καὶ κοινῷ δόγματι πάντων τὴν στρατηγίαν παραλαβὼν Πευκέστης, γεγενημένος Ἀλεξάνδρου σωματοφύλαξ καὶ προηγμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως δι’ ἀνδρείαν.
The most illustrious of the commanders, and the one who by the common decree of all had received the generalship, was Peucestas, who had been Alexander's bodyguard and had been promoted by the king because of his bravery.
§19.14.5σατραπείαν δʼ εἶχεν ἔτη πλείονα τῆς Περσίδος καὶ μεγάλης ἀποδοχῆς ἐτύγχανε παρὰ τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις.
He had held the satrapy of Persis for many years and enjoyed great favor among the local inhabitants.
διʼ ἃς αἰτίας φασὶ καὶ τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον αὐτῷ μόνῳ Μακεδόνων συγχωρῆσαι Περσικὴν φορεῖν στολήν, χαρίζεσθαι βουλόμενον τοῖς Πέρσαις καὶ διὰ τούτου νομίζοντα κατὰ πάνθʼ ἕξειν τὸ ἔθνος ὑπήκοον.
For these reasons they say that Alexander also permitted him alone of the Macedonians to wear Persian dress, wishing to gratify the Persians and thinking that by this means he would keep the nation obedient in all things.
εἶχε δὲ τότε Πέρσας τοξότας μὲν καὶ σφενδονήτας μυρίους, τοὺς δὲ εἰς τὴν Μακεδονικὴν τάξιν καθωπλισμένους παντοδαποὺς τρισχιλίους, ἱππεῖς δʼ Ἕλληνας μὲν καὶ Θρᾷκας ἑξακοσίους, Πέρσας δὲ πλείους τῶν τετρακοσίων.
At that time he had ten thousand Persian archers and slingers, three thousand of all sorts armed in the Macedonian fashion, six hundred Greek and Thracian cavalry, and more than four hundred Persian cavalry.
§19.14.6πολέμων δʼ ὁ Μακεδών, Καρμανίας σατράπης ἀποδεδειγμένος, εἶχε πεζοὺς μὲν χιλίους πεντακοσίους, ἱππεῖς δʼ ἑπτακοσίους.
Polemon the Macedonian, having been appointed satrap of Carmania, had fifteen hundred infantry and seven hundred cavalry.
καὶ Σιβύρτιος μὲν τῆς Ἀραχωσίας ἡγούμενος παρείχετο πεζοὺς μὲν χιλίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ δέκα πρὸς τοῖς ἑξακοσίοις, Ἀνδρόβαζος δʼ ἐκ Παροπανισαδῶν, τοῦ Ὀξυάρτου κυριεύοντος τῆς σατραπείας, ἀπέσταλτο μετὰ πεζῶν μὲν χιλίων καὶ διακοσίων, ἱππέων δὲ τετρακοσίων.
And Sibyrtius, ruling Arachosia, provided one thousand infantry and six hundred and ten cavalry, while Androbazus from Paropanisadae, where Oxyartes was master of the satrapy, had been sent with twelve hundred infantry and four hundred cavalry.
§19.14.7Στάσανδρος δʼ ὁ τῆς Ἀρίας καὶ Δραγγινῆς σατράπης, προσειληφὼς καὶ τοὺς ἐκ τῆς Βακτριανῆς, εἶχε πεζοὺς μὲν χιλίους πεντακοσίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ χιλίους.
Stasander, the satrap of Aria and Drangiana, having also taken with him those from Bactria, had fifteen hundred infantry and one thousand cavalry.
§19.14.8ἐκ δὲ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς Εὔδαμος παρεγένετο μεθʼ ἱππέων μὲν πεντακοσίων, πεζῶν δὲ τριακοσίων, ἐλεφάντων δὲ ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι· τὰ δὲ θηρία ταῦτα παρέλαβε μετὰ τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρου τελευτὴν δολοφονήσας Πῶρον τὸν βασιλέα.
From India, Eudamus arrived with five hundred cavalry, three hundred infantry, and one hundred and twenty elephants; he had obtained these beasts after Alexander's death by treacherously murdering King Porus.
οἱ δὲ πάντες μετὰ τῶν σατραπῶν ἠθροίσθησαν πεζοὶ μὲν πλείους τῶν μυρίων ὀκτακισχιλίων ἑπτακοσίων, ἱππεῖς δὲ τετρακισχίλιοι ἑξακόσιοι.
All of them together with the satraps assembled to the number of more than eighteen thousand seven hundred infantry and four thousand six hundred cavalry.

Notes

  1. §19.14.2οὗ γενομένου — A genitive absolute construction where the neuter relative pronoun ὅς, functioning as a demonstrative referring to the events in the preceding section (the murder of Philotas and appointment of Eudamus), acts as the subject of the participle. In context, it represents time ('when this happened') or cause ('since this happened').
  2. §19.14.5διʼ ἃς αἰτίας φασὶ καὶ τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον αὐτῷ μόνῳ Μακεδόνων συγχωρῆσαι Περσικὴν φορεῖν στολήν — An accusative with infinitive (A.c.I.) construction introduced by the main verb φασί ('they say'). τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον is the subject accusative of the infinitive συγχωρῆσαι ('to permit'), which in turn takes the complementary infinitive φορεῖν ('to wear'). The relative adjective ἃς in the phrase διʼ ἃς αἰτίας acts as a relative connection linking the sentence to the preceding context.
  3. §19.14.6δέκα πρὸς τοῖς ἑξακοσίοις — A Greek numerical expression for '610', literally 'ten in addition to six hundred'. The construction 'A πρός B (in the dative case)' is an idiomatic way of expressing 'A in addition to B' or 'B plus A'.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §19.14.1-19.14.8. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:19.14.1-19.14.8

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