§18.35.1ὁ δὲ Περδίκκας κατανοήσας τὴν δυσκολίαν τοῦ ῥείθρου τοὺς μὲν ἐλέφαντας ἐκ τῶν εὐωνύμων ἐπέστησεν, ἐκδεχόμενος τὴν καταφορὰν τοῦ ποταμοῦ, καταπραϋνοῦντας τὸ ῥεῖθρον, τοὺς δʼ ἱππεῖς ἐκ τοῦ δεξιοῦ μέρους ἔταξε, διʼ ὧν ἐξεδέχετο τοὺς παραφερομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ καὶ διέσωζεν εἰς τὸ πέραν.
Perdiccas, having perceived the difficulty of the current, stationed the elephants on the left, receiving the force of the river in order to calm the current, and marshaled the cavalry on the right side, so that by means of them he might rescue and save to the other side those who were being carried away by the river.
§18.35.2ἴδιον δέ τι καὶ παράδοξον συνέβη γενέσθαι κατὰ τὴν διάβασιν τῆς δυνάμεως ταύτης.
A strange and unexpected thing happened during the crossing of this force.
τῶν πρώτων γὰρ ἀσφαλῶς διαβάντων οἱ μετὰ ταῦτα περαιούμενοι μεγάλοις περιέπιπτον κινδύνοις· ὁ γὰρ ποταμὸς οὐδεμιᾶς οὔσης αἰτίας φανερᾶς πολλῷ βαθύτερος ἐγίνετο καὶ τῶν σωμάτων ὅλων καταδυομένων ἅπαντες εἰς πολλὴν ἀμηχανίαν περιέπιπτον.
For while the first crossed safely, those who crossed after them fell into great dangers; for without any apparent cause, the river became much deeper, and as their whole bodies were submerged, everyone fell into great helplessness.
§18.35.3τῆς δὲ κατὰ τὴν πλήρωσιν αἰτίας ἐπιζητουμένης τὸ μὲν ἀληθὲς ἀσυλλόγιστον ἦν, ἔφασαν δʼ οἱ μὲν ἐν τοῖς ἄνω τόποις ἐγκεχωσμένην διώρυγα πάλιν ἐκφραχθῆναι καὶ συμμιχθεῖσαν τῷ ποταμῷ βαθύτερον πεποιηκέναι τὸν πόρον, οἱ δʼ ὄμβρους ἐν τοῖς ἄνω τόποις γενομένους αὐξῆσαι τὸ μέγεθος τοῦ Νείλου.
While the cause of the rise was being sought, the truth was difficult to conjecture, but some said that a canal which had been blocked up in the upper regions had been opened again and, mixing with the river, had made the passage deeper, while others said that rains occurring in the upper regions had increased the size of the Nile.
§18.35.4τούτων δʼ οὐδέτερον ἦν, ἀλλὰ τοῦ πόρου τὴν μὲν πρώτην διάβασιν ἀσφαλεστέραν συνέβαινε γεγονέναι ἀκεραίου τῆς κατὰ τὴν διάβασιν ἄμμου γεγενημένης, κατὰ δὲ τὰς ἄλλας ὑπὸ τῶν προδιαβεβηκότων ἵππων τε καὶ ἐλεφάντων, ἔτι δὲ πεζῶν τοῖς μὲν ποσὶ τὴν ἄμμον πατουμένην καὶ κινουμένην ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥείθρου κατενεχθῆναι καὶ διὰ τοῦτο κοιλωθέντος τοῦ πόρου βαθυτέραν γενέσθαι τὴν διάβασιν κατὰ μέσον τὸν ποταμόν.
But it was neither of these; rather, it happened that the first crossing of the passage was safer because the sand at the crossing-place was undisturbed, but in the other crossings, the sand, being trampled by the feet of the horses, elephants, and also the infantry who had crossed before, and being set in motion, was carried away by the current, and because the passage was hollowed out by this, the crossing became deeper in the middle of the river.
§18.35.5διὰ δὲ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν ἀδυνατούσης τῆς λοιπῆς δυνάμεως διαβῆναι τὸν ποταμὸν ὁ Περδίκκας εἰς πολλὴν ἀπορίαν ἐνέπιπτεν καὶ τῶν μὲν διαβεβηκότων οὐκ ἀξιομάχων ὄντων τοῖς πολεμίοις, τῶν δʼ ἐν τῷ πέραν μὴ δυναμένων βοηθεῖν τοῖς ἰδίοις προσέταξεν εἰς τοὐπίσω πάλιν ἀπιέναι πάντας.
Because of this cause, as the rest of the force was unable to cross the river, Perdiccas fell into great perplexity, and since those who had crossed were not a match for the enemy, and those on the other side were unable to help their own men, he ordered everyone to go back again.
§18.35.6διόπερ ἀναγκασθέντων ἁπάντων περαιοῦσθαι τὸ ῥεῖθρον οἱ μὲν ἐπιστάμενοι καλῶς νεῖν καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν ἰσχυρότατοι μετὰ πολλῆς κακοπαθίας διενήξαντο τὸν Νεῖλον, πολλὰ τῶν ὅπλων ἀποβαλόντες, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων διὰ τὴν ἀπειρίαν οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥείθρου κατεπόθηαν, οἱ δὲ πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους ἐξέπεσον, οἱ πλεῖστοι δὲ παρενεχθέντες ἐπὶ πολὺν τόπον ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ θηρίων κατεβρώθησαν.
Therefore, since all were forced to cross the current, those who knew well how to swim and were strongest in body swam across the Nile with great hardship, throwing away many of their weapons, but of the others, because of their inexperience, some were swallowed up by the current, others were cast up on the side of the enemy, and most, being carried down for a long distance, were devoured by the beasts in the river.