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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §5.50.1-5.50.7

Thracian Settlement of Naxos and the Fate of Butes

Passage 372 of 406 · Greek

Summary

Describes the origin of Naxos (formerly Strongyle) and how its first settler, the Thracian Butes, died of madness sent by Dionysus after abducting his nurse Coronis. It also details how the remaining Thracians abducted Iphimedeia and Pancratis and set up Agassamenus as their king.

§5.50.1ἐπεὶ δὲ περὶ τῆς Σαμοθρᾴκης διήλθομεν, ἀκολούθως καὶ περὶ τῆς Νάξου διέξιμεν.
Now that we have discussed Samothrace, we shall next, in due order, write about Naxos.
αὕτη γὰρ ἡ νῆσος τὸ μὲν πρῶτον προσηγορεύετο Στρογγύλη, ᾤκησαν δʼ αὐτὴν πρῶτοι Θρᾷκες διά τινας τοιαύτας αἰτίας.
For this island was at first called Strongyle, and the first to inhabit it were Thracians for some such reasons as follow.
§5.50.2μυθολογοῦνται Βορέου γενέσθαι παῖδες Βούτης καὶ Λυκοῦργος οὐχ ὁμομήτριοι· τὸν δὲ Βούτην ὄντα νεώτερον ἐπιβουλεῦσαι τἀδελφῷ, καὶ καταφανῆ γενόμενον ἕτερον μὲν μηδὲν παθεῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ Λυκούργου, πρόσταγμα δὲ λαβεῖν ὅπως μετὰ τῶν συνεπιβουλευσάντων λαβὼν πλοῖα ζητῇ χώραν ἑτέραν εἰς κατοίκησιν.
The myths relate that Butes and Lycurgus, who were not by the same mother, were born as sons of Boreas; and Butes, being the younger, plotted against his brother, and when his plot was discovered, he suffered no other punishment from Lycurgus, but received a command to take ships together with his fellow conspirators and seek another land for settlement.
§5.50.3διόπερ τὸν Βούτην μετὰ τῶν συνεγκαλουμένων Θρᾳκῶν ἐκπλεύσαντα καὶ διὰ τῶν Κυκλάδων νήσων κομιζόμενον κατασχεῖν τὴν Στρογγύλην νῆσον, καὶ ἐν ταύτῃ κατοικοῦντα λῄζεσθαι πολλοὺς τῶν παραπλεόντων.
Therefore Butes, having sailed out with the Thracians who shared the accusation and journeying through the Cyclades islands, seized the island of Strongyle, and settling in it, plundered many of those who sailed past.
σπανίζοντας δὲ γυναικῶν περιπλέοντας ἁρπάζειν ἀπὸ τῆς χώρας γυναῖκας.
And since they were in want of women, they sailed about and carried off women from the country.
§5.50.4τῶν μὲν οὖν Κυκλάδων νήσων αἱ μὲν ὁλοσχερῶς ἔρημοι ὑπῆρχον, αἱ δʼ ὀλίγοις οἰκούμεναι· διόπερ πορρωτέρω πλευσάντων αὐτῶν, καὶ ἀπὸ μὲν τῆς Εὐβοίας ἀποκρουσθέντων, τῇ δὲ Θετταλίᾳ προσενεχθέντων, οἱ περὶ τὸν Βούτην ἀποβάντες ἐπὶ τὴν χώραν περιέτυχον ταῖς Διονύσου τροφοῖς περὶ τὸ καλούμενον Δρίος τῷ θεῷ ὀργιαζούσαις ἐν τῇ Φθιώτιδι Ἀχαΐᾳ.
Now of the Cyclades islands, some were entirely desert, while others were inhabited by few; therefore, when they had sailed further and had been repulsed from Euboea but were carried to Thessaly, Butes and his men, landing upon the country, came upon the nurses of Dionysus who were celebrating the orgies of the god near the place called Drios in Phthiotis Achaea.
§5.50.5ὁρμησάντων δὲ τῶν περὶ τὸν Βούτην, αἱ μὲν ἄλλαι ῥίψασαι τὰ ἱερὰ εἰς θάλατταν ἔφυγον, αἱ δʼ εἰς ὄρος τὸ καλούμενον Δρίος· κορωνίδα δʼ ἁρπαγεῖσαν συναναγκασθῆναι τῷ Βούτῃ συνοικῆσαι.
But when Butes and his men rushed upon them, some of the women threw their sacred objects into the sea and fled, while others fled to the mountain called Drios; but Coronis was carried off and was forced to cohabit with Butes.
ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ ἁρπαγῇ καὶ τῇ ὕβρει χαλεπῶς φέρουσαν ἐπικαλέσασθαι τὸν Διόνυσον βοηθῆσαι αὐτῇ.
Grieved at the abduction and the outrage, she called upon Dionysus to help her.
τὸν δὲ μανίαν ἐμβαλεῖν τῷ Βούτῃ, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο παρακόψαντα ῥῖψαι ἑαυτὸν εἴς τι φρέαρ καὶ τελευτῆσαι.
And the god cast madness upon Butes, and because of this, having lost his mind, he threw himself into a well and died.
§5.50.6οἱ δʼ ἄλλοι Θρᾷκες ἑτέρας τινὰς γυναῖκας ἥρπασαν, ἐπιφανεστάτας δὲ τήν τε Ἀλωέως γυναῖκα Ἰφιμέδειαν καὶ τὴν θυγατέρα αὐτῆς Παγκράτιν· λαβόντες δʼ αὐτὰς ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς τὴν Στρογγύλην.
The other Thracians carried off certain other women, the most distinguished of whom were Iphimedeia, the wife of Aloeus, and her daughter Pancratis; and taking them, they sailed back to Strongyle.
οἱ δὲ Θρᾷκες ἀντὶ τοῦ Βούτου κατέστησαν βασιλέα τῆς νήσου Ἀγασσαμενόν, καὶ τὴν Ἀλωέως θυγατέρα Παγκράτιν κάλλει διαφέρουσαν συνῴκισαν αὐτῷ·
And the Thracians, in place of Butes, set up Agassamenus as king of the island, and they united with him in marriage the daughter of Aloeus, Pancratis, who was of outstanding beauty.
§5.50.7πρὸ γὰρ τῆς τούτου αἱρέσεως οἱ ἐπιφανέστατοι τῶν ἡγεμόνων Σικελὸς καὶ Ἑκήτορος ὑπὲρ τῆς Παγκράτιδος ἐρίσαντες ἀλλήλους ἀνεῖλον.
For before his election, the most distinguished of the leaders, Sicelus and Hecetorus, having quarreled over Pancratis, slew one another.
ὁ δὲ Ἀγασσαμενὸς ὕπαρχον ἕνα τῶν φίλων καταστήσας συνῴκισεν αὐτῷ τὴν Ἰφιμέδειαν.
And Agassamenus, having appointed one of his friends as his lieutenant, united Iphimedeia in marriage with him.

Notes

  1. §5.50.2τὸν δὲ Βούτην — This accusative and the following infinitives (`ἐπιβουλεῦσαι`, `παθεῖν`, `λαβεῖν`) represent the continuation of the indirect discourse (accusative with infinitive construction) dependent on the verb `μυθολογοῦνται` (it is mythologically related that...) at the beginning of the section.
  2. §5.50.4πλευσάντων αὐτῶν — The three participles `πλευσάντων` (with `αὐτῶν`), `ἀποκρουσθέντων`, and `προσενεχθέντων` form a sequence of genitives absolute sharing the logical subject `αὐτῶν`, describing the circumstances prior to the action of the main clause whose subject is `οἱ περὶ τὸν Βούτην`.
  3. §5.50.5τὸν δὲ — The article in the accusative with `δέ` (`τὸν δὲ`) indicates a change of subject, referring to Dionysus (who was just invoked). It functions as the subject accusative of the infinitive `ἐμβαλεῖν` in the ongoing indirect discourse.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §5.50.1-5.50.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:5.50.1-5.50.7

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