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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §2.3.1-2.3.4

Foundation and Construction of the Great City of Ninus

Passage 103 of 406 · Greek

Summary

King Ninus founded the city of Ninus on the Euphrates with a massive, rectangular wall to match his achievements, establishing a scale that no future leader could easily surpass, and settled Assyrians and other volunteers there.

§2.3.1ἐπιφανεστάτας γὰρ πράξεις τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ κατειργασμένος ἔσπευδε τηλικαύτην κτίσαι τὸ μέγεθος πόλιν ὥστε μὴ μόνον αὐτὴν εἶναι μεγίστην τῶν τότε οὐσῶν κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην, ἀλλὰ μηδὲ τῶν μεταγενεστέρων ἕτερον ἐπιβαλόμενον ῥᾳδίως ἂν ὑπερθέσθαι.
For having achieved the most illustrious deeds of those before him, he was eager to found a city of such a size in magnitude that it should not only be the greatest of those then existing in all the inhabited world, but also that not even anyone of those coming after, having undertaken the task, would easily surpass it.
§2.3.2τὸν μὲν οὖν τῶν Ἀράβων βασιλέα τιμήσας δώροις καὶ λαφύροις μεγαλοπρεπέσιν ἀπέλυσε μετὰ τῆς ἰδίας στρατιᾶς εἰς τὴν οἰκείαν, αὐτὸς δὲ τὰς πανταχόθεν δυνάμεις καὶ παρασκευὰς πάντων τῶν ἐπιτηδείων ἀθροίσας παρὰ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἔκτισε πόλιν εὖ τετειχισμένην, ἑτερόμηκες αὐτῆς ὑποστησάμενος τὸ σχῆμα.
So, having honored the king of the Arabs with magnificent gifts and spoils, he dismissed him with his own army to his own country; but he himself, having assembled his forces from all sides and provisions of all things necessary, founded beside the Euphrates river a well-walled city, having designed its shape as rectangular.
εἶχε δὲ τῶν μὲν μακροτέρων πλευρῶν ἑκατέραν ἡ πόλις ἑκατὸν καὶ πεντήκοντα σταδίων, τῶν δὲ βραχυτέρων ἐνενήκοντα.
And the city had each of its longer sides measuring one hundred and fifty stades, and of the shorter, ninety.
§2.3.3διὸ καὶ τοῦ σύμπαντος περιβόλου συσταθέντος ἐκ σταδίων τετρακοσίων καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα τῆς ἐλπίδος οὐ διεψεύσθη· τηλικαύτην γὰρ πόλιν οὐδεὶς ὕστερον ἔκτισε κατά τε τὸ μέγεθος τοῦ περιβόλου καὶ τὴν περὶ τὸ τεῖχος μεγαλοπρέπειαν.
Therefore, since the entire circuit was composed of four hundred and eighty stades, he was not disappointed in his hope; for no one afterwards founded such a great city, both in the size of its circuit and the magnificence of its wall.
τὸ μὲν γὰρ ὕψος εἶχε τὸ τεῖχος ποδῶν ἑκατόν, τὸ δὲ πλάτος τρισὶν ἅρμασιν ἱππάσιμον ἦν· οἱ δὲ σύμπαντες πύργοι τὸν μὲν ἀριθμὸν ἦσαν χίλιοι καὶ πεντακόσιοι, τὸ δʼ ὕψος εἶχον ποδῶν διακοσίων.
For the wall had a height of one hundred feet, and its width was passable for three chariots driving abreast; and the towers in all were one thousand five hundred in number, and they had a height of two hundred feet.
§2.3.4κατῴκισε δʼ εἰς αὐτὴν τῶν μὲν Ἀσσυρίων τοὺς πλείστους καὶ δυνατωτάτους, ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν τοὺς βουλομένους.
And he settled into it the greatest number and the most powerful of the Assyrians, and of the other nations those who wished.
καὶ τὴν μὲν πόλιν ὠνόμασεν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ Νίνον, τοῖς δὲ κατοικισθεῖσι πολλὴν τῆς ὁμόρου χώρας προσώρισεν.
And he named the city Ninus after himself, and for those who had been settled he annexed much of the neighboring territory.

Notes

  1. 2.3.1τὸ μέγεθος — Accusative of respect (or specification) of the noun μέγεθος, used with the adjective τηλικαύτην to mean 'in size' or 'in magnitude.'
  2. 2.3.1ἂν ὑπερθέσθαι — The particle ἂν is used with the aorist middle infinitive ὑπερθέσθαι (from ὑπερτίθημι) within the ὥστε clause to express potentiality ('would surpass'). The subject accusative of the infinitive is ἕτερον.
  3. 2.3.2σταδίων — Genitive of measure. It expresses the dimension of ἑκατέραν ('each [of the sides]') and serves as a complement to εἶχε. A similar genitive of measure is found in the next section (2.3.3) with ποδῶν.
  4. 2.3.3τῆς ἐλπίδος — Genitive of separation or ablatival origin used as the complement of the passive/middle verb διαψεύδομαι ('to be disappointed in' or 'to fail of').

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §2.3.1-2.3.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:2.3.1-2.3.4

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