§1.69.1ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰς τῶν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ βασιλέων πράξεις ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχαιοτάτων χρόνων διεληλύθαμεν ἀρκοῦντως μέχρι τῆς Ἀμάσιδος τελευτῆς, τὰς λοιπὰς ἀναγράψομεν ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοις χρόνοις· §1.69.2περὶ δὲ τῶν νομίμων τῶν κατʼ Αἴγυπτον νῦν διέξιμεν ἐν κεφαλαίοις τά τε παραδοξότατα καὶ τὰ μάλιστα ὠφελῆσαι δυνάμενα τοὺς ἀναγινώσκοντας.
Since we have sufficiently traversed the deeds of the kings in Egypt from the most ancient times down to the death of Amasis, we shall record the remainder in their proper times; but concerning the customs in Egypt we shall now set forth in summary those which are most extraordinary and best able to benefit the readers.
πολλὰ γὰρ τῶν παλαιῶν ἐθῶν τῶν γενομένων παρʼ Αἰγυπτίοις οὐ μόνον παρὰ τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις ἀποδοχῆς ἔτυχεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν οὐ μετρίως ἐθαυμάσθη· §1.69.3διόπερ οἱ μέγιστοι τῶν ἐν παιδείᾳ δοξασθέντων ἐφιλοτιμήθησαν εἰς Αἴγυπτον παραβαλεῖν, ἵνα μετάσχωσι τῶν τε νόμων καὶ τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων ὡς ἀξιολόγων ὄντων.
For many of the ancient customs that arose among the Egyptians were not only approved of by the inhabitants, but were also admired in no small measure by the Greeks; for which reason those who had won the greatest reputation for culture were eager to visit Egypt, in order that they might share in both the laws and the institutions as being worthy of note.
§1.69.4καίπερ γὰρ τῆς χώρας τὸ παλαιὸν δυσεπιβάτου τοῖς ξένοις οὔσης διὰ τὰς προειρημένας αἰτίας, ὅμως ἔσπευσαν εἰς αὐτὴν παραβαλεῖν τῶν μὲν ἀρχαιοτάτων Ὀρφεὺς καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς Ὅμηρος, τῶν δὲ μεταγενεστέρων ἄλλοι τε πλείους καὶ Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος, ἔτι δὲ Σόλων ὁ νομοθέτης.
For although the country was in ancient times difficult of access to strangers for the reasons already mentioned, nevertheless there was an eagerness to visit it on the part of Orpheus and the poet Homer among the most ancient, and among those of later times, many others and Pythagoras of Samos, and furthermore Solon the lawgiver.
§1.69.5λέγουσι τοίνυν Αἰγύπτιοι παρʼ αὑτοῖς τήν τε τῶν γραμμάτων εὕρεσιν γενέσθαι καὶ τὴν τῶν ἄστρων παρατήρησιν, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τά τε κατὰ τὴν γεωμετρίαν θεωρήματα καὶ τῶν τεχνῶν τὰς πλείστας εὑρεθῆναι, νόμους τε τοὺς ἀρίστους τεθῆναι.
Now the Egyptians say that among them took place both the invention of writing and the observation of the stars, and furthermore that the theorems of geometry and most of the arts were discovered, and the best laws were established.
§1.69.6καὶ τούτων μεγίστην ἀπόδειξίν φασιν εἶναι τὸ τῆς Αἰγύπτου πλείω τῶν ἑπτακοσίων καὶ τετρακισχιλίων ἐτῶν βασιλεῦσαι τοὺς πλείους ἐγγενεῖς καὶ τὴν χώραν εὐδαιμονεστάτην ὑπάρξαι τῆς ἁπάσης οἰκουμένης· ταῦτα γὰρ οὐκ ἄν ποτε γενέσθαι μὴ οὐ τῶν ἀνθρώπων χρωμένων κρατίστοις ἔθεσι καὶ νόμοις καὶ τοῖς κατὰ πᾶσαν παιδείαν ἐπιτηδεύμασιν.
And of these things they say the greatest proof is that the native kings, for the most part, ruled Egypt for more than four thousand seven hundred years, and that the country was the most prosperous of the whole inhabited world; for these things would never have happened if the people had not made use of the best customs and laws and institutions in every branch of education.
§1.69.7ὅσα μὲν οὖν Ἡρόδοτος καί τινες τῶν τὰς Αἰγυπτίων πράξεις συνταξαμένων ἐσχεδιάκασιν, ἑκουσίως προκρίναντες τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ παραδοξολογεῖν καὶ μύθους πλάττειν ψυχαγωγίας ἕνεκα, παρήσομεν, αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ παρὰ τοῖς ἱερεῦσι τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον ἐν ταῖς ἀναγραφαῖς γεγραμμένα φιλοτίμως ἐξητακότες ἐκθησόμεθα.
Now as for all the things that Herodotus and certain of those who composed histories of Egypt have written offhand, having deliberately preferred to truth the telling of marvelous tales and the inventing of myths for the sake of entertainment, we shall pass them by, but we shall set forth the facts themselves which have been written down in the records among the priests in Egypt, having investigated them with diligence.