§1.28.1οἱ δʼ οὖν Αἰγύπτιοί φασι καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἀποικίας πλείστας ἐξ Αἰγύπτου κατὰ πᾶσαν διασπαρῆναι τὴν οἰκουμένην.
The Egyptians, at any rate, say that even after these things many colonies were scattered from Egypt throughout the entire inhabited world.
εἰς Βαβυλῶνα μὲν γὰρ ἀγαγεῖν ἀποίκους Βῆλον τὸν νομιζόμενον Ποσειδῶνος εἶναι καὶ Λιβύης· ὃν παρὰ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν καθιδρυθέντα τούς τε ἱερεῖς καταστήσασθαι παραπλησίως τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον ἀτελεῖς καὶ πάσης λειτουργίας ἀπολελυμένους, οὓς Βαβυλώνιοι καλοῦσι Χαλδαίους, τάς τε παρατηρήσεις τῶν ἄστρων τούτους ποιεῖσθαι, μιμουμένους τοὺς παρʼ Αἰγυπτίοις ἱερεῖς καὶ φυσικούς, ἔτι δὲ ἀστρολόγους. §1.28.2λέγουσι δὲ καὶ τοὺς περὶ τὸν Δαναὸν ὁρμηθέντας ὁμοίως ἐκεῖθεν συνοικίσαι τὴν ἀρχαιοτάτην σχεδὸν τῶν παρʼ Ἕλλησι πόλεων Ἄργος, τό τε τῶν Κόλχων ἔθνος ἐν τῷ Πόντῳ καὶ τὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀνὰ μέσον Ἀραβίας καὶ Συρίας οἰκίσαι τινὰς ὁρμηθέντας παρʼ ἑαυτῶν· §1.28.3διὸ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς γένεσι τούτοις ἐκ παλαιοῦ παραδεδόσθαι τὸ περιτέμνειν τοὺς γεννωμένους παῖδας, ἐξ Αἰγύπτου μετενηνεγμένου τοῦ νομίμου. §1.28.4καὶ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους δέ φασιν ἀποίκους εἶναι Σαϊτῶν τῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, καὶ πειρῶνται τῆς οἰκειότητος ταύτης φέρειν ἀποδείξεις· παρὰ μόνοις γὰρ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὴν πόλιν ἄστυ καλεῖσθαι, μετενηνεγμένης τῆς προσηγορίας ἀπὸ τοῦ παρʼ αὐτοῖς Ἄστεος.
For they say that Belus, who is considered to be the son of Poseidon and Libya, led colonists to Babylon; and that, having established himself by the Euphrates River, he appointed the priests, exempt from taxes and freed from all public service, in a manner similar to those in Egypt, whom the Babylonians call Chaldaeans, and that these performed the observations of the stars, imitating the priests, natural philosophers, and also astrologers among the Egyptians. And they say also that those with Danaus, setting out likewise from there, founded together Argos, which is almost the oldest of the cities among the Greeks, and that some who set out from their own country established both the nation of the Colchians in Pontus and that of the Jews between Arabia and Syria; for which reason also the custom of circumcising newborn children has been handed down from of old among these nations, the law having been imported from Egypt. And they say that the Athenians too are colonists of the Saitae from Egypt, and they attempt to bring proofs of this relationship; for among the Greeks, they say, only they call their city asty, the name having been transferred from the Asty that is among themselves.
ἔτι δὲ τὴν πολιτείαν τὴν αὐτὴν ἐσχηκέναι τάξιν καὶ διαίρεσιν τῇ παρʼ Αἰγυπτίοις, εἰς τρία μέρη διανεμηθείσῃ· §1.28.5καὶ πρώτην μὲν ὑπάρξαι μερίδα τοὺς εὐπατρίδας καλουμένους, οἵτινες ὑπῆρχον ἐν παιδείᾳ μάλιστα διατετριφότες καὶ τῆς μεγίστης ἠξιωμένοι τιμῆς παραπλησίως τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον ἱερεῦσι· δευτέραν δὲ τάξιν γενέσθαι τὴν τῶν γεωμόρων τῶν ὀφειλόντων ὅπλα κεκτῆσθαι καὶ πολεμεῖν ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως ὁμοίως τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον ὀνομαζομένοις γεωργοῖς καὶ τοὺς μαχίμους παρεχομένοις· τελευταίαν δὲ μερίδα καταριθμηθῆναι τὴν τῶν δημιουργῶν τῶν τὰς βαναύσους τέχνας μεταχειριζομένων καὶ λειτουργίας τελούντων τὰς ἀναγκαιοτάτας, τὸ παραπλήσιον ποιούσης τῆς τάξεως ταύτης παρʼ Αἰγυπτίους. §1.28.6γεγονέναι δὲ καὶ τῶν ἡγεμόνων τινὰς Αἰγυπτίους παρὰ τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις· τὸν γὰρ Πέτην τὸν πατέρα Μενεσθέως τοῦ στρατεύσαντος εἰς Τροίαν φανερῶς Αἰγύπτιον ὑπάρξαντα τυχεῖν ὕστερον Ἀθήνησι πολιτείας τε καὶ βασιλείας. §1.28.7διφυοῦς δʼ αὐτοῦ γεγονότος, τοὺς μὲν Ἀθηναίους μὴ δύνασθαι κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν ἀποδοῦναι περὶ τῆς φύσεως ταύτης τὰς ἀληθεῖς αἰτίας, ἐν μέσῳ κειμένου πᾶσιν ὅτι δυοῖν πολιτειῶν μετασχών, Ἑλληνικῆς καὶ βαρβάρου, διφυὴς ἐνομίσθη, τὸ μὲν ἔχων μέρος θηρίου, τὸ δὲ ἀνθρώπου.
And furthermore, they say that their constitution had the same order and division as that among the Egyptians, which was divided into three parts; and that the first part consisted of those called Eupatridae, who had spent their time especially in education and were deemed worthy of the greatest honor, similarly to the priests in Egypt; and that the second class was that of the geomoroi, who were obliged to possess arms and fight on behalf of the city, similarly to those in Egypt who are called husbandmen and who provide the warriors; and that the last part counted was that of the demiurgoi, who practiced the manual arts and performed the most necessary public services, this class doing much the same as that among the Egyptians. And they say that some of the rulers among the Athenians were also Egyptians; for Peteus, the father of Menestheus who campaigned against Troy, having been clearly an Egyptian, later obtained citizenship and kingship at Athens. And since he was of double nature, the Athenians were unable to give the true reasons for this nature according to their own assumption, it being clear to all that because he participated in two citizenships, Greek and barbarian, he was thought to be of double nature, having one part of a beast and the other of a man.