§17.68.1ἐντεῦθεν δʼ ἀναζεύξας προῆγεν ἐπὶ τὴν Περσίδα καὶ πεμπταῖος ἧκεν ἐπὶ τὰς Σουσιάδας καλουμένας πέτρας.
Setting out from there, he advanced toward Persis and on the fifth day arrived at the so-called Susian Rocks.
ταύτας δὲ προκατειληφὼς ἦν ὁ Ἀριοβαρζάνης μετὰ στρατιωτῶν πεζῶν μὲν δισμυρίων καὶ πεντακισχιλίων, ἱππέων δὲ τριακοσίων.
Ariobarzanes had already occupied these with twenty-five thousand infantry and three hundred cavalry.
§17.68.2ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς δόξας τῇ βίᾳ κρατήσειν τῆς πύλης προῆγε διὰ τόπων στενῶν καὶ τραχέων οὐδενὸς παρενοχλοῦντος.
The king, thinking he could master the pass by force, advanced through narrow and rugged places without anyone harassing him.
οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι μέχρι μέν τινος εἴων αὐτὸν διαπορεύεσθαι τὰς παρόδους, ἐπεὶ δὲ εἰς μέσας τὰς δυσχωρίας ἧκον, ἄφνω τὴν ἐπίθεσιν ἐποιοῦντο καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ἁμαξιαίους λίθους ἐπεκύλιον, οἳ προσπίπτοντες ἄφνω τοῖς Μακεδόσιν ἀθρόοις πολλοὺς διέφθειρον, οὐκ ὀλίγοι δʼ ἀπὸ τῶν κρημνῶν ἀκοντίζοντες εἰς πεπυκνωμένους οὐκ ἀπετύγχανον τῶν σκοπῶν· ἄλλοι δʼ ἐκ χειρὸς τοῖς λίθοις βάλλοντες τοὺς βιαζομένους τῶν Μακεδόνων ἀνέστελλον.
The barbarians for a time allowed him to proceed through the passes, but when they came into the middle of the difficult terrain, they suddenly made their attack and rolled down many stones as large as wagons, which, falling suddenly upon the massed Macedonians, destroyed many, while not a few, hurling javelins from the cliffs into the densely packed ranks, did not miss their targets; others, throwing stones by hand, held back those of the Macedonians who were forcing their way.
πολλὰ δʼ αὐτοῖς τῆς δυσχωρίας συνεργούσης ἐπλεονέκτουν καὶ συχνοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτεννον, οὐκ ὀλίγους δὲ κατετίτρωσκον.
Since the difficult terrain co-operated with them in many ways, they had the advantage, killing many and wounding not a few.
§17.68.3ὁ δʼ Ἀλέξανδρος τῇ δεινότητι τοῦ πάθους ἀδυνατῶν βοηθεῖν καὶ θεωρῶν μηδένα τῶν πολεμίων μήτε τεθνηκότα μήτε ὅλως τετρωμένον, τῶν δὲ ἰδίων ἀπολωλότας μὲν πολλούς, κατατετρωμένους δὲ σχεδὸν ἅπαντας τοὺς προσβάλλοντας ἀνεκαλέσατο τῇ σάλπιγγι τοὺς στρατιώτας ἀπὸ τῆς μάχης.
Alexander, unable to help in this terrible disaster and seeing that none of the enemy was either dead or even wounded at all, whereas of his own men many had perished and almost all who made the assault were badly wounded, recalled his soldiers from the battle by trumpet.
§17.68.4ἀναχωρήσας δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν παρόδων σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε καὶ παρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων ἐπυνθάνετο μή τις ἑτέρα ἐστὶ διεκβολή.
Having retreated three hundred stades from the passes, he encamped and inquired of the natives whether there was any other way through.
πάντων δʼ ἀποφαινομένων δίοδον μὲν μηδεμίαν ἄλλην ὑπάρχειν, περίοδον δὲ εἶναι πολλῶν ἡμερῶν αἰσχρὸν εἶναι νομίσας ἀτάφους ἀπολιπεῖν τοὺς τετελευτηκότας καὶ τὴν αἴτησιν τῶν νεκρῶν οὖσαν ὁρῶν ἀσχήμονα καὶ περιέχουσαν ἥττης ὁμολόγησιν προσέταξεν ἀναγαγεῖν ἅπαντας τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους.
When they all declared that there was no other passage, but that there was a detour of many days, he, thinking it shameful to leave the dead unburied, and seeing that the request for the return of the dead was disgraceful and implied an acknowledgment of defeat, ordered all the captives to be brought before him.
§17.68.5ἐν δὲ τούτοις ἧκεν ὑπαγόμενος ἀνὴρ δίγλωττος, εἰδὼς τὴν Περσικὴν διάλεκτον·
Among these, there was brought forward a bilingual man who knew the Persian language.
οὗτος δὲ ἑαυτὸν ἀπεφαίνετο Λύκιον μὲν εἶναι τὸ γένος, αἰχμάλωτον δὲ γενόμενον ποιμαίνειν κατὰ τὴν ὑποκειμένην ὀρεινὴν ἔτη πλείω· διʼ ἣν αἰτίαν ἔμπειρον γενέσθαι τῆς χώρας καὶ δύνασθαι τὴν δύναμιν ἀγαγεῖν διὰ τῆς καταδένδρου καὶ κατόπιν ποιῆσαι τῶν τηρούντων τὰς παρόδους.
This man declared that he was a Lycian by birth, and having been made a captive, had shepherded in the mountain region before them for several years; for which reason he had become familiar with the country and was able to lead the army through the wooded area and bring them behind those guarding the passes.
§17.68.6ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς μεγάλαις δωρεαῖς τιμήσειν ἐπαγγειλάμενος τὸν ἄνδρα τούτου καθηγουμένου διῆλθεν ἐπιπόνως τὴν ὀρεινὴν νυκτὸς πολλὴν μὲν πατήσας χιόνα, πᾶσαν δὲ κρημνώδη χώραν περάσας, χαράδραις βαθείαις καὶ πολλαῖς φάραγξι διειλημμένην.
The king, having promised to honor the man with great gifts, under his guidance made his way with difficulty through the mountain region by night, treading through much snow and traversing an entirely precipitous country, divided by deep ravines and many chasms.
§17.68.7ἐπιφανεὶς δὲ ταῖς προφυλακαῖς τῶν πολεμίων τοὺς μὲν πρώτους κατέκοψε, τοὺς δʼ ἐπὶ τῆς δευτέρας φυλακῆς τεταγμένους ἐζώγρησε, τοὺς δὲ τρίτους τρεψάμενος ἐκράτησε τῶν παρόδων καὶ τοὺς πλείστους τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἀριοβαρζάνην ἀπέκτεινε.
Appearing suddenly before the enemy's outposts, he cut down the first guard, captured alive those stationed at the second guard, and having routed the third, made himself master of the passes and killed most of Ariobarzanes's men.