§17.33.1τῶν δὲ κατασκόπων ἀπαγγειλάντων αὐτῷ τριάκοντα σταδίους ἀπέχειν τὸν Δαρεῖον καὶ συντεταγμένῃ τῇ δυνάμει προσιέναι καταπληκτικῶς, ὑπολαβὼν παρὰ τῶν θεῶν αὐτῷ δεδόσθαι τὸν καιρὸν ὥστε μιᾷ παρατάξει νικήσαντα καταλῦσαι τὴν Περσῶν ἡγεμονίαν τοὺς μὲν στρατιώτας τοῖς οἰκείοις λόγοις παρεκάλεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν περὶ τῶν ὅλων ἀγῶνα, τὰ δὲ τάγματα τῶν στρατιωτῶν καὶ τὰς τῶν ἱππέων εἴλας οἰκείως τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις τόποις διατάξας τοὺς μὲν ἱππεῖς ἐπέστησε πρὸ πάσης τῆς στρατιᾶς, τὴν δὲ τῶν πεζῶν φάλαγγα κατόπιν ἐφεδρεύειν προσέταξεν.
When the scouts reported to him that Darius was thirty stades away and was approaching in an intimidating manner with his army drawn up in order, Alexander, conceiving that the opportunity had been given to him by the gods to destroy the Persian empire by defeating them in a single pitched battle, encouraged his soldiers with fitting words for the decisive struggle. Having arranged the brigades of infantry and the squadrons of cavalry in a manner suited to the underlying terrain, he stationed the cavalry in front of the entire army and ordered the phalanx of infantry to wait in reserve behind them.
§17.33.2αὐτὸς δὲ προηγούμενος τοῦ δεξιοῦ μέρους ἀπήντα τοῖς πολεμίοις, ἔχων μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ τοὺς κρατίστους τῶν ἱππέων· τὸ δʼ εὐώνυμον μέρος ἐπεῖχον οἱ τῶν Θετταλῶν ἱππεῖς, πολὺ τῶν ἄλλων διαφέροντες ταῖς τε ἀνδραγαθίαις καὶ ταῖς ἐμπειρίαις.
He himself, leading the right wing, went to meet the enemy, having with him the strongest of the cavalry; while the left wing was held by the Thessalian cavalry, who were far superior to the others in both valor and experience.
§17.33.3ὡς δʼ αἱ δυνάμεις ἐντὸς βέλους ἐγίνοντο, τοῖς μὲν περὶ τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον ἐπέρριψαν οἱ βάρβαροι τοσοῦτον πλῆθος βελῶν ὥστε διὰ τὴν πυκνότητα τῶν βαλλομένων ἀλλήλοις συγκρουόντων ἀσθενεστέρας γίνεσθαι τὰς πληγάς.
As the forces came within missile range, the barbarians showered upon Alexander and his men such a great multitude of missiles that, owing to the density of the objects thrown clashing against one another, their impacts became weaker.
§17.33.4τῶν δὲ σαλπικτῶν παρʼ ἀμφοτέροις τὸ πολεμικὸν σημαινόντων οἱ Μακεδόνες πρῶτοι συναλαλάξαντες βοὴν ἐξαίσιον ἐποίησαν, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τῶν βαρβάρων ἀντιφθεγξαμένων συνήχησε μὲν ἡ σύνεγγυς ὀρεινὴ πᾶσα, τὸ δὲ μέγεθος τῆς βοῆς ὑπερῆρε τὴν προγεγενημένην κραυγήν, ὡς ἂν πεντήκοντα μυριάδων μιᾷ φωνῇ συνηχουσῶν.
When the trumpeters on both sides sounded the charge, the Macedonians were the first to raise a battle cry together, making a tremendous shout; and after this, when the barbarians shouted in response, the entire nearby mountainous region resounded, and the volume of the noise surpassed the preceding shout, as if fifty tens of thousands were sounding together with one voice.
§17.33.5ὁ δʼ Ἀλέξανδρος πάντῃ τὴν ὄψιν βάλλων καὶ σπεύδων κατιδεῖν τὸν Δαρεῖον ἅμα τῷ κατανοῆσαι παραχρῆμα μετὰ τῶν περὶ αὐτὸν ἱππέων ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἐφέρετο τὸν βασιλέα, σπεύδων οὐχ οὕτω καταπροτερῆσαι τῶν Περσῶν ὡς τὸ διʼ αὑτοῦ περιποιήσασθαι τὴν νίκην.
Alexander, casting his gaze in every direction and eager to catch sight of Darius, as soon as he spotted him, immediately rushed against the king himself with the cavalry around him, being eager not so much to overcome the Persians as to secure the victory through his own efforts.
§17.33.6ἅμα δὲ τούτῳ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων ἱππέων συμπεσόντων ἀλλήλοις καὶ πολλοῦ φόνου γινομένου ἡ μὲν μάχη διὰ τὰς τῶν ἀγωνιζομένων ἀρετὰς ἀμφίδοξον εἶχε τὴν τῶν ὅλων κρίσιν· ἐταλαντεύετο γὰρ δεῦρο κἀκεῖσε, τῆς τροπῆς ἐναλλὰξ γινομένης.
At the same time, as all the other cavalry fell upon one another and much slaughter ensued, the battle, owing to the valor of the combatants, held the overall decision in doubt; for it wavered this way and that, as rout and turnabout occurred alternately.
§17.33.7οὔτε γὰρ ἀκοντίσας οὔτε πατάξας οὐδεὶς ἄπρακτον ἔσχε τὴν πληγήν, ὡς ἂν διὰ τὸ πλῆθος ἑτοίμου τοῦ σκοποῦ κειμένου.
For no one who threw a javelin or struck a blow found his stroke ineffective, as the target lay ready before him because of the vast numbers.
διὸ καὶ πολλοὶ τραύμασιν ἐναντίοις περιτυγχάνοντες ἔπιπτον καὶ μέχρι τῆς ἐσχάτης ἀναπνοῆς θυμομαχοῦντες τὸ ζῆν πρότερον ἢ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἐξέλειπον.
For this reason, many fell receiving wounds in the front, and fighting with fierce spirit until their last breath, they left life behind before they would fail in their valor.