§17.24.1ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς Ἀλέξανδρος τὰ μὲν πολιορκητικὰ τῶν ὀργάνων καὶ σῖτον κατὰ θάλατταν ἐκόμισεν ἐπὶ τὴν Ἁλικαρνασσόν, αὐτὸς δὲ μετὰ πάσης τῆς δυνάμεως προῆγεν ἐπὶ Καρίας καὶ τὰς ἐν τῇ παρόδῳ πόλεις προσήγετο ταῖς φιλανθρωπίαις· μάλιστα δʼ εὐεργέτει τὰς Ἑλληνίδας πόλεις, ποιῶν αὐτὰς αὐτονόμους καὶ ἀφορολογήτους, προσεπιλέγων ὅτι τῆς τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐλευθερώσεως ἕνεκα τὸν πρὸς Πέρσας πόλεμον ἐπανῄρηται.
King Alexander transported the siege engines and grain by sea to Halicarnassus, while he himself advanced towards Caria with his entire army, and won over the cities on his way by acts of kindness; he especially benefited the Greek cities, making them autonomous and exempt from taxation, adding that he had undertaken the war against the Persians for the sake of the liberation of the Greeks.
§17.24.2ὄντι δʼ αὐτῷ κατὰ τὴν ὁδοιπορίαν ἀπήντησέν τι γύναιον, ὄνομα μὲν Ἄδα, γένει δὲ προσήκουσα τῇ Καρῶν ἀρχῇ.
While he was on his journey, a certain woman met him, Ada by name, who by birth belonged to the ruling house of the Carians.
ἐντυχούσης δʼ αὐτῆς περὶ τῆς προγονικῆς δυναστείας καὶ δεηθείσης βοηθῆσαι ταύτην μὲν ἐκέλευσε παραλαβεῖν τὴν τῆς Καρίας ἀρχήν, τοὺς δὲ Κᾶρας ἰδίους ἐποιήσατο ταῖς εὐνοίαις διὰ τὴν τῆς γυναικὸς ταύτης εὐεργεσίαν·
When she petitioned him concerning her ancestral dominion and begged him to help, he commanded her to take over the rule of Caria, and made the Carians his own in goodwill through his beneficence to this woman.
§17.24.3εὐθὺς γὰρ αἱ πόλεις ἅπασαι πρεσβείας ἀποστέλλουσαι χρυσοῖς στεφάνοις ἐτίμησαν τὸν βασιλέα καὶ πάντα συμπράττειν ἐπηγγείλαντο.
For straightway all the cities sent embassies and honored the king with golden crowns, promising to cooperate in everything.
ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος πλησίον τῆς πόλεως στρατοπεδεύσας συνεστήσατο πολιορκίαν ἐνεργὸν καὶ καταπληκτικήν.
And Alexander, having encamped near the city, organized an active and formidable siege.
§17.24.4τὸ μὲν γὰρ πρῶτον τοῖς τείχεσι προσβολὰς συνεχεῖς ἐκ διαδοχῆς ἐποιεῖτο καὶ διημέρευεν ἐν τοῖς κινδύνοις· μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα παντοδαπὰς μηχανὰς ἐπιστήσας καὶ τὰς πρὸ τῆς πόλεως τάφρους χωστρίσι χελώναις ἀναπληρώσας διὰ τῶν κριῶν ἐσάλευε τοὺς πύργους καὶ τὰ μεταξὺ μεσοπύργια.
At first, indeed, he made continuous attacks upon the walls in succession and spent the whole day in the midst of dangers; but after this, having set up all kinds of engines and having filled up the ditches in front of the city with filling-tortoises, he shook the towers and the intervening curtain-walls by means of battering rams.
καταβαλὼν δὲ μέρος τι τοῦ τείχους τὸ λοιπὸν ἤδη διὰ τῆς ἐκ χειρὸς μάχης ἐβιάζετο διὰ τοῦ πτώματος εἰς τὴν πόλιν εἰσπεσεῖν.
Having thrown down a part of the wall, he then strove by hand-to-hand fighting to force his way into the city through the breach.
§17.24.5Μέμνων δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον τοὺς προσβάλλοντας τοῖς τείχεσι Μακεδόνας ῥᾳδίως ἠμύνετο, πολλῶν ὄντων ἐν τῇ πόλει στρατιωτῶν· κατὰ δὲ τὰς τῶν ὀργάνων προσβολὰς μετὰ πολλῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐκχεόμενος ἐκ τῆς πόλεως νυκτὸς πῦρ ἐνέβαλλε ταῖς μηχαναῖς.
Memnon at first easily repulsed the Macedonians who were attacking the walls, since there were many soldiers in the city; but during the attacks of the engines, sallying out of the city by night with many soldiers, he threw fire upon the engines.
§17.24.6μεγάλων δʼ ἀγώνων πρὸ τῆς πόλεως συνισταμένων οἱ μὲν Μακεδόνες ταῖς ἀρεταῖς πολὺ προεῖχον, οἱ δὲ Πέρσαι τῷ πλήθει καὶ ταῖς παρασκευαῖς ἐπλεονέκτουν· συνήργουν γὰρ αὐτοῖς οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν τειχῶν συναγωνιζόμενοι καὶ τοῖς ὀξυβελέσι καταπέλταις οὓς μὲν ἀπέκτεινον τῶν πολεμίων, οὓς δὲ κατετίτρωσκον.
While great struggles were taking place before the city, the Macedonians were far superior in valor, but the Persians had the advantage in numbers and preparations; for those fighting along with them from the walls assisted them, and by means of dart-shooting catapults they killed some of the enemy and wounded others.