Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.82.1-16.82.7

Settlement of Colonists and Reconstruction of Syracuse

Passage 590 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Timoleon returns to Syracuse, where he expels the treacherous mercenaries and executes various tyrants while making a peace treaty with the Carthaginians. He also welcomes numerous Greek settlers and revises the laws of Syracuse to reconstruct the city.

§16.82.1τοῦ δʼ ἔτους τούτου διελθόντος Ἀθήνησι μὲν ἦρχε Λυσιμαχίδης, ἐν Ῥώμῃ δʼ ὕπατοι καθειστήκεισαν Κόιντος Σερουίλιος καὶ Μάρκος Ῥουτίλιος.
When this year had passed, Lysimachides was archon in Athens, and in Rome Quintus Servilius and Marcus Rutilius were established as consuls.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων Τιμολέων ἐπανελθὼν εἰς Συρακούσσας πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς ἐγκαταλιπόντας αὐτὸν μισθοφόρους τοὺς μετὰ Θρασίου πάντας ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὡς προδότας ὄντας ἐξέβαλεν.
During their term of office, Timoleon, having returned to Syracuse, first of all expelled from the city all the mercenaries who had abandoned him, those under Thrasius, as being traitors.
§16.82.2οὗτοι δʼ εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν διαβάντες καὶ χωρίον τι παραθαλάττιον ἐν τῇ Βρεττίᾳ καταλαβόμενοι διήρπασαν.
These men, having crossed over to Italy and occupied a certain coastal site in Bruttium, plundered it.
οἱ δὲ Βρέττιοι παροξυνθέντες εὐθὺς μετὰ δυνάμεως πολλῆς ἐστράτευσαν ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὸ χωρίον ἐκπολιορκήσαντες ἅπαντας κατηκόντισαν.
But the Bruttians, being provoked, straightway campaigned against them with a large force, and having taken the place by siege, killed them all with javelins.
οἱ μὲν οὖν καταλιπόντες τὸν Τιμολέοντα μισθοφόροι τῆς ἰδίας παρανομίας ἐπάθλου τοιαύτης συμφορᾶς ἔτυχον·
Thus the mercenaries who had abandoned Timoleon met with such a disaster as the prize for their own lawlessness.
§16.82.3ὁ δὲ Τιμολέων Ποστόμιον τὸν Τυρρηνὸν δώδεκα λῃστρίσι τοὺς πλέοντας ληιζόμενον καὶ καταπλεύσαντα εἰς Συρακούσσας ὡς φίλον συλλαβὼν ἐθανάτωσεν.
Timoleon captured and executed Postumius the Tyrrhenian, who was plundering those at sea with twelve pirate ships and had sailed into Syracuse as a friend.
ὑπεδέξατο δὲ καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ Κορινθίωνἐκπεμφθέντας οἰκήτορας φιλοφρόνως, ὄντας τὸν ἀριθμὸν πεντακισχιλίους.
He also welcomed kindly the settlers sent out by the Corinthians, who were five thousand in number.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τῶν Καρχηδονίων διαπρεσβευσαμένων καὶ πολλὰ δεηθέντων συνεχώρησεν αὐτοῖς τὴν εἰρήνην ὥστε τὰς μὲν Ἑλληνίδας πόλεις ἁπάσας ἐλευθέρας εἶναι, τὸν δὲ Λύκον καλούμενον ποταμὸν ὅριον εἶναι τῆς ἑκατέρων ἐπικρατείας· μὴ ἐξεῖναι δὲ Καρχηδονίοις βοηθῆσαι τοῖς τυράννοις τοῖς πολεμοῦσι πρὸς Συρακοσίους.
After this, when the Carthaginians sent embassies and made many entreaties, he agreed to peace with them on the conditions that all the Greek cities should be free, that the river called Lycus should be the boundary of their respective territories, and that it should not be permitted for the Carthaginians to aid the tyrants who were making war against the Syracusans.
§16.82.4μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τὸν μὲν Ἱκέταν καταπολεμήσας ἐθανάτωσε, τοὺς δʼ ἐν Αἴτνῃ Καμπανοὺς ἐκπολιορκήσας διέφθειρε.
After this, having defeated Hicetas in war, he executed him, and having taken the Campanians in Aetna by siege, he destroyed them.
καὶ Νικόδημον μὲν τὸν Κεντοριπίνων τύραννον καταπληξάμενος ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, Ἀπολλωνιάδην δὲ τὸν Ἀγυριναίων δυνάστην παύσας τῆς τυραννίδος τοὺς ἐλευθερωθέντας Συρακοσίους ἐποίησε.
And having terrified Nicodemus, the tyrant of Centuripa, he expelled him from the city, and having removed Apolloniades, the ruler of Agyrium, from his tyranny, he made those who had been liberated Syracusans.
καθόλου δὲ πάντας τοὺς κατὰ τὴν νῆσον τυράννους ῥιζοτομήσας καὶ τὰς πόλεις ἐλευθερώσας εἰς τὴν συμμαχίαν προσεδέξατο.
In general, having rooted out all the tyrants throughout the island and liberated the cities, he received them into his alliance.
§16.82.5κηρύξαντος δʼ αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα διότι Συρακόσιοι διδόασι χώραν καὶ οἰκίας τοῖς βουλομένοις μετέχειν τῆς ἐν Συρακούσσαις πολιτείας πολλοὶ πρὸς τὴν κληρουχίαν Ἕλληνες ἀπήντησαν· τέλος δὲ οἰκήτορες ἀπεδείχθησαν εἰς μὲν τὴν Συρακοσίαν τὴν ἀδιαίρετον τετρακισμύριοι, εἰς δὲ τὴν Ἀγυριναίαν μύριοι διὰ τὸ μέγεθος καὶ κάλλος τῆς χώρας.
When he made a proclamation throughout Greece that the Syracusans were giving land and houses to those who wished to share in the citizenship in Syracuse, many Greeks gathered for the distribution of land; and finally settlers were assigned, forty thousand to the undivided territory of Syracuse, and ten thousand to that of Agyrium because of the size and beauty of the land.
§16.82.6εὐθὺ δὲ καὶ τοὺς προϋπάρχοντας νόμους ἐν ταῖς Συρακούσσαις, οὓς συνέγραψε Διοκλῆς, διώρθωσε.
Straightway he also revised the pre-existing laws in Syracuse, which Diocles had compiled.
καὶ τοὺς μὲν περὶ τῶν ἰδιωτικῶν συμβολαίων ἢ κληρονομιῶν εἴασεν ἀμεταθέτους, τοὺς δὲ περὶ τῶν δημοσίων νενομοθετημένους πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν ὥς ποτʼ ἐδόκει συμφέρειν διώρθωσεν.
Those concerning private contracts or inheritances he left unchanged, but those legislated concerning public matters he revised to suit the particular constitution, as it seemed to be advantageous.
§16.82.7ἐπιστάτης δʼ ἦν καὶ διορθωτὴς τῆς νομοθεσίας Κέφαλος ὁ Κορίνθιος, ἀνὴρ ἐν παιδείᾳ καὶ συνέσει δεδοξασμένος.
Cephalus the Corinthian, a man famous for his education and intelligence, was the director and reviser of the legislation.
ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων γενόμενος τοὺς μὲν Λεοντίνους εἰς Συρακούσσας μετῴκισεν, εἰς δὲ τὴν Καμαριναίαν οἰκήτορας προσθεὶς ἐπηύξησε τὴν πόλιν.
Having finished these matters, Timoleon moved the Leontines to Syracuse, and by adding settlers to Camarina, he increased the city.

Notes

  1. §16.82.2τῆς ἰδίας παρανομίας ἐπάθλου — The noun ἐπάθλου (genitive singular of ἔπαθλον, 'prize, reward') functions in apposition to τοιαύτης συμφορᾶς ('such a disaster'), or acts predicatively to mean 'as a prize or reward for their own lawlessness.' The genitive ἰδίας παρανομίας depends on ἐπάθλου.
  2. §16.82.3ὥστε τὰς μὲν Ἑλληνίδας πόλεις ἁπάσας ἐλευθέρας εἶναι — The conjunction ὥστε followed by infinitive clauses introduces the terms or conditions ('on condition that...') under which the peace treaty was concluded, rather than a simple result.
  3. §16.82.4τοὺς ἐλευθερωθέντας Συρακοσίους ἐποίησε — The verb ἐποίησε (from ποιέω, 'to make') takes a double accusative (or an object and a predicate accusative), meaning 'he made those who had been liberated (τοὺς ἐλευθερωθέντας) Syracusans (Συρακοσίους).'
  4. §16.82.7ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων γενόμενος — An idiomatic expression consisting of the preposition ἀπό and the participle of γίγνομαι, meaning 'having retired from these activities' or 'having finished these matters.'

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.82.1-16.82.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.82.1-16.82.7

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.