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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.68.1-16.68.11

Timoleon's Landing in Sicily and the Battle of Adranum

Passage 576 of 723 · Greek

Summary

While Hicetas temporarily besieges and captures Syracuse, Timoleon tricks the Carthaginians at Rhegium to escape, enters Tauromenium, launches a surprise attack on Hicetas at Adranum, and rapidly advances on Syracuse.

§16.68.1τοῦ δὲ Διονυσίου κυριεύοντος τῶν Συρακουσσῶν Ἱκέτας ἔχων περὶ ἑαυτὸν ἀξιόλογον δύναμιν ἐστράτευσεν ἐπὶ τὰς Συρακούσσας καὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον χάρακα βαλόμενος περὶ τὸ Ὀλυμπιεῖον διεπολέμει τῷ κρατοῦντι τῆς πόλεως τυράννῳ,
While Dionysius was ruling Syracuse, Hicetas, having a considerable force about him, marched against Syracuse, and at first, having thrown up a stockade around the Olympieum, he carried on war against the tyrant who was ruling the city.
§16.68.2χρονιζούσης δὲ τῆς πολιορκίας καὶ τῶν ἐπιτηδείων ἐκλιπόντων ὁ μὲν Ἱκέτας ἀνέζευξεν εἰς Λεοντίνους (ἐκ ταύτης γὰρ ὡρμᾶτο τῆς πόλεως)· ὁ δὲ Διονύσιος ἐπακολουθήσας αὐτοῖς καὶ καταλαβὼν τὴν οὐραγίαν συνεστήσατο μάχην.
Since the siege dragged on and provisions failed, Hicetas withdrew to Leontini (for it was from this city that he had set out); but Dionysius, having followed them and caught up with their rearguard, joined battle with them.
§16.68.3ὁ δʼ Ἱκέτας ἐπιστρέψας ἐπὶ τὸν Διονύσιον συνῆψε μάχην καὶ πλείους τῶν τρισχιλίων μισθοφόρων ἀνελὼν τοὺς λοιποὺς φυγεῖν ἠνάγκασεν.
But Hicetas, having turned back against Dionysius, joined battle, and having slain more than three thousand of the mercenaries, forced the rest to flee.
ὀξεῖ δὲ τῷ διωγμῷ χρησάμενος καὶ συνεισπεσὼν τοῖς φεύγουσιν εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἐκράτησε τῶν Συρακουσσῶν πλὴν τῆς Νήσου.
And having pressed a sharp pursuit and rushed into the city along with the fugitives, he gained control of Syracuse except for the Island.
καὶ τὰ μὲν περὶ τὸν Ἱκέταν καὶ Διονύσιον ἐν τούτοις ἦν.
And such was the state of affairs concerning Hicetas and Dionysius.
§16.68.4Τιμολέων δὲ μετὰ τὴν κατάληψιν τῶν Συρακουσσῶν τρισὶν ἡμέραις ὕστερον κατέπλευσεν εἰς τὸ Ῥήγιον καὶ καθωρμίσθη πλησίον τῆς πόλεως.
Meanwhile, Timoleon, three days after the capture of Syracuse, sailed into Rhegium and anchored near the city.
§16.68.5ἐπικαταπλευσάντων δὲ καὶ τῶν Καρχηδονίων εἴκοσι τριήρεσι καὶ τῶν Ῥηγίνων συνεργούντων τῷ Τιμολέοντι καὶ κοινὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐν τῇ πόλει συναγαγόντων καὶ περὶ συλλύσεως δημηγορούντων οἱ μὲν Καρχηδόνιοι διαλαβόντες τὸν Τιμολέοντα πεισθήσεσθαι τὸν εἰς Κόρινθον ἀπόπλουν ποιήσασθαι ῥᾳθύμως εἶχον τὰ κατὰ τὰς φυλακάς, ὁ δὲ Τιμολέων οὐδεμίαν ἔμφασιν διδοὺς τοῦ δρασμοῦ αὐτὸς μὲν πλησίον τοῦ βήματος ἔμεινε, λάθρᾳ δὲ παρήγγειλε τὰς ἐννέα ναῦς ἀποπλεῦσαι τὴν ταχίστην.
When the Carthaginians also sailed in with twenty triremes, and the Rhegians, cooperating with Timoleon, called a public assembly in the city and made speeches concerning a settlement, the Carthaginians, assuming that Timoleon would be persuaded to make his return voyage to Corinth, were careless about their guard. But Timoleon, giving no indication of flight, remained himself near the speaker's platform, but secretly ordered the nine ships to sail away as quickly as possible.
§16.68.6περισπωμένων δὲ τῶν Καρχηδονίων ταῖς ψυχαῖς περὶ τοὺς ἐγκαθέτως δημηγοροῦντας μακρῶς τῶν Ῥηγίνων ἔλαθεν ὁ Τιμολέων διαδρὰς ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπολελειμμένην ναῦν καὶ ταχέως ἐξέπλευσεν.
While the attention of the Carthaginians was distracted by the Rhegians who were speaking at length by prearrangement, Timoleon escaped unnoticed to the ship that had been left behind and quickly sailed out.
οἱ δὲ Καρχηδόνιοι καταστρατηγηθέντες ἐπεβάλοντο διώκειν τοὺς περὶ τὸν Τιμολέοντα.
The Carthaginians, having been outgeneraled, set about pursuing Timoleon's party.
§16.68.7ἐκείνων δὲ προειληφότων ἱκανὸν διάστημα καὶ τῆς νυκτὸς ἐπιλαβούσης ἔφθασαν οἱ περὶ τὸν Τιμολέοντα ἀποπλεύσαντες εἰς τὸ Ταυρομένιον.
Since they had gained a sufficient head start and night came on, Timoleon's party succeeded in sailing into Tauromenium.
§16.68.8ὁ δὲ τῆς πόλεως ταύτης ἡγούμενος, διὰ παντὸς πεφρονηκὼς τὰ τῶν Συρακοσίων, Ἀνδρόμαχος, φιλοφρόνως ὑπεδέξατο τοὺς διωκομένους καὶ πολλὰ συνεβάλετο πρὸς τὴν σωτηρίαν αὐτῶν.
And Andromachus, the ruler of this city, who had always favored the cause of the Syracusans, welcomed the pursued cordially and contributed much toward their safety.
§16.68.9μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ὁ μὲν Ἱκέτας ἀναλαβὼν τῶν στρατιωτῶν τοὺς ἀρίστους πεντακισχιλίους ἐστράτευσεν ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀδρανίτας ἀντιπράττοντας αὐτῷ καὶ πλησίον τῆς πόλεως κατεστρατοπέδευσεν· ὁ δὲ Τιμολέων προσλαβόμενος παρὰ τῶν Ταυρομενίων στρατιώτας ἀνέζευξεν ἐκ τοῦ Ταυρομενίου, τοὺς ἅπαντας ἔχων οὐ πλείους τῶν χιλίων.
After this, Hicetas, having selected five thousand of the best of his soldiers, marched against the Adranitae who were opposing him, and encamped near the city; but Timoleon, having recruited soldiers from the Tauromenians, set out from Tauromenium, having in all not more than one thousand men.
§16.68.10ἀρχομένης δὲ τῆς νυκτὸς ἀφορμήσας καὶ διανύσας ἐπὶ τὸ Ἄδρανον δευτεραῖος ἀνελπίστως ἐπέθετο τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἱκέταν δειπνοποιουμένοις· παρεισπεσὼν δʼ εἰς τὴν παρεμβολὴν καὶ φονεύσας πλείους τῶν τριακοσίων, ζωγρήσας δὲ περὶ ἑξακοσίους τῆς παρεμβολῆς ἐκράτησε.
Having set out at the beginning of the night and arrived at Adranum on the second day, he unexpectedly attacked Hicetas's men while they were having dinner; and having burst into the camp, he killed more than three hundred, took about six hundred prisoners, and gained control of the camp.
§16.68.11τούτῳ δὲ τῷ στρατηγήματι ἕτερον ἐπεισάγων παραχρῆμα ἐπὶ τὰς Συρακούσσας ἀφώρμησε καὶ δρομαῖος τὴν ὁδὸν διανύσας ἀπροσδοκήτως προσέπεσε ταῖς Συρακούσσαις, καταταχήσας τοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς τροπῆς φεύγοντας.
Following up this strategic success immediately with another, he set out at once for Syracuse and, covering the road at a run, fell upon Syracuse unexpectedly, having outstripped those who were fleeing from the rout.
ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἐπράχθη κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν ἐνιαυτόν.
These, then, were the events that took place during this year.

Notes

  1. 16.68.5διαλαβόντες τὸν Τιμολέοντα πεισθήσεσθαι τὸν εἰς Κόρινθον ἀπόπλουν ποιήσασθαι — The verb διαλαμβάνω (to assume, suppose) takes an accusative and infinitive construction (τὸν [Τιμολέοντα] πεισθήσεσθαι), where the future passive infinitive πεισθήσεσθαι (would be persuaded) in turn governs another infinitive phrase (τὸν ... ἀπόπλουν ποιήσασθαι, to make his return voyage) as its complement.
  2. 16.68.6ἔλαθεν ὁ Τιμολέων διαδρὰς — The combination of the verb λανθάνω with the nominative participle (διαδρὰς) is an idiomatic construction expressing that the subject performs the action of the participle secretly or unnoticed by others ("Timoleon escaped unnoticed").
  3. 16.68.10δευτεραῖος — The adjective δευτεραῖος (on the second day), agreeing with the subject in gender, number, and case, is used adverbially to mean "on the second day [he arrived at Adranum]".

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.68.1-16.68.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.68.1-16.68.11

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