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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.25.1-16.25.3

Philomelus' Locrian Campaign and Extortion of the Oracle

Passage 533 of 723 · Greek

Summary

While the Boeotians mobilize to support the oracle, Philomelus strengthens his military forces, campaigns against the Locrians, and ultimately forces the Pythia to deliver an oracle regarding the war.

§16.25.1οἱ δὲ Βοιωτοὶ συνελθόντες εἰς ἐκκλησίαν ἐψηφίσαντο βοηθεῖν τῷ μαντείῳ καὶ παραχρῆμα στρατιώτας ἐξέπεμψαν.
The Boeotians, having assembled in their assembly, voted to aid the oracle and immediately dispatched soldiers.
τούτων δὲ πραττομένων ὁ Φιλόμηλος τεῖχός τε περιεβάλετο τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ μισθοφόρους ἤθροιζε πολλούς, ἀναβιβάσας τοὺς μισθοὺς καὶ ποιήσας ἡμιολίους, καὶ τῶν Φωκέων ἐπιλέγων τοὺς ἀρίστους κατέγραφε καὶ ταχὺ δύναμιν ἀξιόλογον ἤθροισεν·
While these things were being done, Philomelus threw a wall around the temple and assembled many mercenaries, raising their wages and making them one and a half times as much; and selecting the best of the Phocians, he enrolled them and quickly assembled a noteworthy force.
οὐκ ἐλάττους γὰρ τῶν πεντακισχιλίων στρατιωτῶν ἔχων προεκάθητο τῶν Δελφῶν, φοβερὸς ὢν ἤδη τοῖς πολεμεῖν πρὸς αὐτὸν βουλομένοις.
For having no fewer than five thousand soldiers, he lay encamped in front of Delphi, being already a terror to those who wished to make war against him.
§16.25.2μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα στρατεύσας εἰς τὴν τῶν Λοκρῶν χώραν καὶ πολλὴν τῆς πολεμίας γῆς δῃώσας κατεστρατοπεδεύσατο πλησίον ποταμοῦ τινος ῥέοντος παρὰ φρούριον ὀχυρόν.
After this, having marched into the territory of the Locrians and plundered much of the enemy country, he encamped near a certain river that flowed past a strong fortress.
τούτῳ δὲ προσβολὰς ποιησάμενος καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος ἑλεῖν τῆς μὲν πολιορκίας ἀπέστη, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς Λοκροὺς συνάψας μάχην ἀπέβαλε τῶν στρατιωτῶν εἴκοσι καὶ τῶν νεκρῶν οὐ δυνηθεὶς κρατῆσαι τὴν ἀναίρεσιν αὐτῶν διὰ κήρυκος ᾐτήσατο.
Having made assaults upon this and being unable to take it, he desisted from the siege, and having joined battle with the Locrians, he lost twenty of his soldiers; and being unable to gain possession of the dead, he requested their recovery through a herald.
οἱ δὲ Λοκροὶ τὴν ἀναίρεσιν οὐ συγχωροῦντες ἀπόκρισιν ἔδωκαν ὅτι παρὰ πᾶσι τοῖς Ἕλλησι κοινὸς νόμος ἐστὶν ἀτάφους ῥίπτεσθαι τοὺς ἱεροσύλους.
But the Locrians, not granting the recovery, gave answer that among all the Greeks it was a common law that temple-robbers should be cast out without burial.
§16.25.3ὁ δὲ Φιλόμηλος χαλεπῶς φέρων τὸ συμβεβηκὸς συνῆψε μάχην τοῖς Λοκροῖς καὶ πᾶσαν εἰσενεγκάμενος φιλοτιμίαν ἀνεῖλέ τινας τῶν πολεμίων καὶ τῶν σωμάτων κυριεύσας ἠνάγκασε τοὺς Λοκροὺς ἀλλαγὴν ποιήσασθαι τῶν νεκρῶν.
Philomelus, taking the occurrence hard, joined battle with the Locrians, and exerting every ambition, slew some of the enemy; and having gained possession of their bodies, he forced the Locrians to make an exchange of the dead.
κρατῶν δὲ τῶν ὑπαίθρων καὶ πολλὴν πορθήσας τῆς Λοκρίδος ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς Δελφοὺς ἐμπεπληκὼς ὠφελείας τοὺς στρατιώτας.
Dominating the open country and having plundered much of Locris, he returned to Delphi, having filled his soldiers with booty.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα περὶ τοῦ πολέμου βουλόμενος χρήσασθαι τῷ μαντείῳ τὴν Πυθίαν ἠνάγκασεν ἀναβᾶσαν ἐπὶ τὸν τρίποδα δοῦναι τὸν χρησμόν.
After this, wishing to consult the oracle concerning the war, he forced the Pythia to ascend the tripod and give the oracle.

Notes

  1. §16.25.1ποιήσας ἡμιολίους — The adjective ἡμιόλιος (one and a half times as much) is used predicatively, modifying the preceding τοὺς μισθούς (the wages) to mean 'making the wages one and a half times as much.'
  2. §16.25.2τῶν νεκρῶν οὐ δυνηθεὶς κρατῆσαι — The verb κρατέω (to master, gain possession of) governs the genitive case (τῶν νεκρῶν), indicating that he was unable to secure possession of the bodies of the dead.
  3. §16.25.2ἀτάφους ῥίπτεσθαι τοὺς ἱεροσύλους — Accusative with infinitive construction in the indirect statement introduced by ὅτι. τοὺς ἱεροσύλους (temple-robbers) is the subject of the passive infinitive ῥίπτεσθαι (to be cast out), with ἀτάφους (unburied) functioning as a predicative adjective.
  4. §16.25.3χρήσασθαι τῷ μαντείῳ — The verb χράομαι here governs the dative τῷ μαντείῳ, forming a standard idiom meaning 'to consult an oracle.'

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.25.1-16.25.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.25.1-16.25.3

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