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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.25.1-15.25.4

Outbreak of the Boeotian War and the Theban Uprising

Passage 437 of 723 · Greek

Summary

During the archonship of Nausinicos in Athens, the Boeotian War breaks out. Exiled Thebans return by night, purge the pro-Spartan faction in the city, begin besieging the Cadmea, and request assistance from Athens.

§15.25.1ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησι Ναυσινίκου Ῥωμαῖοι χιλιάρχους τέσσαρας ἀντὶ τῶν ὑπάτων κατέστησαν, Μάρκον Κορνήλιον καὶ Κόιντον Σερουίλιον, Μάρκον Φούριον καὶ Λεύκιον Κοΐνκτιον.
When Nausinicos was archon at Athens, the Romans appointed four military tribunes instead of consuls: Marcus Cornelius, Quintus Servilius, Marcus Furius, and Lucius Quinctius.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων ὁ κληθεὶς Βοιωτικὸς πόλεμος ἐνέστη Λακεδαιμονίοις πρὸς Βοιωτοὺς διὰ τοιαύτας αἰτίας.
Under their term of office, the so-called Boeotian War broke out between the Lacedaemonians and the Boeotians for the following reasons.
τὴν Καδμείαν φρουρούντων Λακεδαιμονίων ἀδίκως καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν ἀξιολόγων ἀνδρῶν πεφυγαδευκότων, συνεστράφησαν οἱ φυγάδες, καὶ συνεπιλαβομένων Ἀθηναίων κατῆλθον εἰς τὴν πατρίδα νυκτός.
Since the Lacedaemonians were unjustly guarding the Cadmea and had exiled many of the noteworthy men, the exiles banded together, and with the assistance of the Athenians, returned to their homeland by night.
§15.25.2καὶ πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς τὰ Λακεδαιμονίων φρονοῦντας ἐν ταῖς ἰδίαις οἰκίαις ἐφόνευσαν, ἔτι κοιμωμένους καταλαβόντες· ἔπειτα τοὺς πολίτας ἐπὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν παρακαλέσαντες συνεργοὺς ἔσχον ἅπαντας τοὺς Θηβαίους.
And first, catching those who favored the Lacedaemonians while they were still asleep in their own houses, they slew them; then, by calling upon the citizens to defend their freedom, they secured all the Thebans as their allies.
ταχὺ δὲ τοῦ πλήθους συνδραμόντος μετὰ τῶν ὅπλων, ἅμʼ ἡμέρᾳ τὴν Καδμείαν πολιορκεῖν ἐπεχείρησαν.
Since the multitude quickly rushed together with arms, at daybreak they attempted to besiege the Cadmea.
§15.25.3οἱ δὲ φρουροῦντες τὴν ἄκραν Λακεδαιμόνιοι, μετὰ τῶν συμμάχων ὄντες οὐκ ἐλάττους τῶν χιλίων καὶ πεντακοσίων, εἰς μὲν τὴν Σπάρτην ἐξέπεμψαν τοὺς δηλώσοντας τὴν τῶν Θηβαίων ἐπανάστασιν καὶ βοηθεῖν τὴν ταχίστην παρακαλέσοντας, αὐτοὶ δʼ ἐκ τόπων ὑπερδεξίων ἀμυνόμενοι τοὺς πολιορκοῦντας πολλοὺς μὲν ἀνῄρουν, οὐκ ὀλίγους δὲ κατετραυμάτιζον.
Meanwhile, the Lacedaemonians who were guarding the citadel, being with their allies no fewer than fifteen hundred, sent messengers to Sparta to report the uprising of the Thebans and to urge them to send help as quickly as possible. They themselves, defending against the besiegers from higher ground, killed many and wounded not a few.
§15.25.4οἱ δὲ Θηβαῖοι μεγάλην δύναμιν προσδοκῶντες ἥξειν ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος Λακεδαιμονίοις, ἐξέπεμψαν πρεσβευτὰς εἰς τὰς Ἀθήνας, ὑπομιμνήσκοντες μὲν ὅτι καὶ αὐτοὶ συγκατήγαγον τὸν δῆμον τῶν Ἀθηναίων καθʼ ὃν καιρὸν ὑπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα τυράννων κατεδουλώθησαν, ἀξιοῦντες δὲ πανδημεὶ βοηθῆσαι καὶ πρὸ τῆς τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων παρουσίας συνεκπολεμῆσαι τὴν Καδμείαν.
But the Thebans, expecting that a large force would come from Greece to aid the Lacedaemonians, sent ambassadors to Athens, reminding them that they too had helped restore the Athenian democracy at the time when they had been enslaved by the Thirty Tyrants, and requesting them to send help with their full force and, before the arrival of the Lacedaemonians, to join in taking the Cadmea by war.

Notes

  1. 15.25.1τὴν Καδμείαν φρουρούντων Λακεδαιμονίων ἀδίκως καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν ἀξιολόγων ἀνδρῶν πεφυγαδευκότων — Two genitive absolutes connected by καί express the reason or background for the following συνεστράφησαν. This is immediately followed by another genitive absolute, καὶ συνεπιλαβομένων Ἀθηναίων, which modifies the main verb κατῆλθον along with the subject οἱ φυγάδες.
  2. 15.25.3τοὺς δηλώσοντας ... καὶ βοηθεῖν τὴν ταχίστην παρακαλέσοντας — Two future participles, δηλώσοντας and παρακαλέσοντας, modify the object article τοὺς of the verb ἐξέπεμψαν, expressing the purpose ('messengers to report... and to urge'). The infinitive βοηθεῖν is supplementary to παρακαλέσοντας.
  3. 15.25.4ἥξειν ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος Λακεδαιμονίοις — Λακεδαιμονίοις is a dative of advantage modifying the infinitive ἥξειν, indicating for whose benefit the large force (μεγάλην δύναμιν) is expected to arrive.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.25.1-15.25.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.25.1-15.25.4

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