Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.18.1-15.18.4
The Founding of Leuke and Its Acquisition by Klazomenai
Summary
Following the assassination of Glos, his successor Tachos founds Leuke, but after his death, Klazomenai and Cyme dispute over its possession. The Klazomenians win the city through a clever stratagem that fulfills the Delphic oracle's condition, establishing a festival to commemorate the victory, after which the Asian rebellions dissolve.
§15.18.1κατὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀσίαν Γλῶς ὁ ναυαρχήσας τῶν Περσῶν ἐν τῷ Κυπριακῷ πολέμῳ, ἀποστάτης ὢν τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τούς τε Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ τὸν Αἰγυπτίων βασιλέα παρακεκληκὼς εἰς τὸν πρὸς Πέρσας πόλεμον, δολοφονηθεὶς ὑπό τινων οὐ συνετέλεσε τὴν προαίρεσιν.
In Asia, Glos, who had been admiral of the Persian fleet in the Cyprian War and had revolted from the King, having invited both the Lacedaemonians and the king of the Egyptians into the war against the Persians, was assassinated by certain persons and so did not complete his purpose.
μετὰ δὲ τὴν τούτου τελευτὴν Ταχὼς διαδεξάμενος τὰς τούτου πράξεις συνεστήσατο περὶ αὑτὸν δύναμιν, καὶ πόλιν ἔκτισε πλησίον τῆς θαλάσσης ἐπί τινος κρημνοῦ τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Λεύκην, ἔχουσαν ἱερὸν ἅγιον Ἀπόλλωνος.
After his death, Tachos, succeeding to his undertakings, gathered a force about himself and founded near the sea, upon a certain cliff, the city called Leuke, which had a holy temple of Apollo.
§15.18.2μετʼ ὀλίγον δὲ χρόνον αὐτοῦ τελευτήσαντος ἠμφισβήτησαν τῆς πόλεως ταύτης Κλαζομένιοι καὶ Κυμαῖοι.
A short time after, when he died, the Klazomenians and the Cymaeans disputed over this city.
τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον ἐπεχείρησαν αἱ πόλεις πολέμῳ διακρίνεσθαι, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα εἰπόντος τινὸς ἐρωτῆσαι τὸν θεόν, ποτέραν τῶν πόλεων κρίνει κυρίαν εἶναι δεῖν τῆς Λεύκης, ἔκρινεν ἡ Πυθία ταύτην ὑπάρχειν, ἥτις ἂν πρώτη θύσῃ ἐν τῇ Λεύκῃ· ὁρμηθῆναι δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἰδίας πόλεως ἅμʼ ἡλίῳ ἀνιόντι κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν, ἣν ἀμφότεροι συμφώνως ὑποστήσονται.
At first, indeed, the cities attempted to settle the dispute by war, but after this, when someone suggested to inquire of the god, which of the two cities he judged ought to be master of Leuke, the Pythia decided that it should belong to whichever should be the first to offer sacrifice in Leuke; and they must start from their own cities at sunrise on a day which both should agree upon.
§15.18.3ταχθείσης δὲ τῆς ἡμέρας, οἱ μὲν Κυμαῖοι ὑπελάμβανον ἑαυτοὺς πλεονεκτεῖν διὰ τὸ τὴν αὑτῶν πόλιν ἐγγυτέρω κεῖσθαι, οἱ δὲ Κλαζομένιοι, διάστημα πλέον ἀπέχοντες, τεχνάζονταί τι τοιοῦτο πρὸς τὴν νίκην· κληρώσαντες ἐξ ἑαυτῶν ἀποίκους ἔκτισαν πλησίον τῆς Λεύκης πόλιν, ἐξ ἧς ὁρμηθέντες ἅμʼ ἡλίῳ ἀνατέλλοντι ἔφθασαν τοὺς Κυμαίους τὴν θυσίαν ἐπιτελέσαντες.
When the day was appointed, the Cymaeans assumed that they had the advantage because their own city lay nearer, but the Klazomenians, though they were at a greater distance, devised a trick of this sort for the victory: having chosen colonists from among themselves by lot, they founded a city near Leuke, starting from which at sunrise they anticipated the Cymaeans in performing the sacrifice.
§15.18.4τούτῳ δὲ τῷ φιλοτεχνήματι γενόμενοι κύριοι τῆς Λεύκης, ἐπώνυμον ἑορτὴν ἄγειν κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἐνεστήσαντο, τὴν πανήγυριν ὀνομάσαντες προφθάσειαν.
Having become masters of Leuke by this artifice, they established an annual festival named after the event, calling the assembly "Prophthaseia".
τούτων δὲ πραχθέντων αἱ μὲν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ἐπαναστάσεις αὐτομάτως κατελύθησαν.
When these things had been done, the rebellions in Asia were ended of their own accord.
Notes
- 15.18.1ἀποστάτης ὢν τοῦ βασιλέως — The participle ὢν is an attributive (or circumstantial) participle agreeing with the nominative subject Γλῶς. τοῦ βασιλέως ("the King") refers in this context to the Persian King Artaxerxes II, serving as a genitive of separation.
- 15.18.2εἰπόντος τινὸς ἐρωτῆσαι τὸν θεόν — The phrase εἰπόντος τινός is a genitive absolute. The infinitive ἐρωτῆσαι depends on the participle εἰπόντος (from λέγω in the sense of 'propose' or 'suggest'), functioning as an indirect command.
- 15.18.2ὁρμηθῆναι δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἰδίας πόλεως — The infinitive ὁρμηθῆναι (passive form with active/intransitive meaning, 'to set out') is used in indirect discourse depending on ἔκρινεν, representing a condition imposed by the oracle. The subject of the infinitive, although omitted, refers to both competing parties.
- 15.18.3ἔφθασαν τοὺς Κυμαίους τὴν θυσίαν ἐπιτελέσαντες — A classic construction of φθάνω with an accusative object (τοὺς Κυμαίους) and a supplementary participle (ἐπιτελέσαντες), meaning 'to anticipate someone in doing something'. Here it denotes that the Klazomenians performed the sacrifice before the Cymaeans.
Cite this passage
Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.18.1-15.18.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.18.1-15.18.4
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