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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.26.1-14.26.7

Tissaphernes' Treachery and Arrest of the Generals

Passage 320 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The recovering King pursues the Greeks and agrees to a three-day truce, but Tissaphernes, after being highly honored by the King, plots to destroy the Greeks by allying with Aridaeus and executing a treacherous plan to arrest and kill the Greek generals in his tent.

§14.26.1ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς βέλτιον ἔχων ἀπὸ τοῦ τραύματος, ὡς ἐπύθετο τὴν τῶν ἐναντίων ὑποχώρησιν, νομίσας αὐτοὺς φεύγειν, ὥρμησε μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως κατὰ σπουδήν.
And the King, feeling better from his wound, when he learned of the retreat of his opponents, thinking that they were fleeing, set out in haste with his force.
§14.26.2καταλαβὼν δʼ αὐτοὺς διὰ τὸ βραδέως ὁδοιπορεῖν, τότε μὲν ἤδη νυκτὸς οὔσης ἐγγὺς τὴν στρατοπεδείαν ἐποιήσατο, ἅμα δʼ ἡμέρᾳ διατασσόντων τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὸ στρατόπεδον εἰς μάχην, πέμψας τοὺς ἀγγέλους κατὰ μὲν τὸ παρὸν εἰς τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀνοχὰς ἐποιήσατο·
Having overtaken them because they marched slowly, he then, since it was already night, made his camp nearby; but at daybreak, while the Greeks were drawing up their army for battle, he sent envoys and made a truce for three days for the present.
§14.26.3ἐν δὲ ταύταις συνεφώνησαν, ὥστε αὐτὸν μὲν φιλίαν παρασχέσθαι τὴν χώραν καὶ τοὺς ἡγησομένους ἐπὶ θάλατταν δοῦναι καὶ τοῖς διεξιοῦσιν ἀγορὰν παρέχειν, τοὺς δὲ μετὰ Κλεάρχου μισθοφόρους καὶ τοὺς μετʼ Ἀριδαίου πάντας πορεύεσθαι διὰ τῆς χώρας μηδὲν ἀδίκημα ποιοῦντας.
And during these days they agreed that he should provide his territory as friendly, give guides to the sea, and provide a market for those passing through; and that the mercenaries under Clearchus and all those under Aridaeus should march through the country doing no injustice.
§14.26.4μετὰ δὲ ταῦθʼ οὗτοι μὲν περὶ τὰς ὁδοιπορίας ἐγίνοντο, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἀπήγαγεν εἰς Βαβυλῶνα.
After this, the Greeks occupied themselves with the march, and the King led his force back to Babylon.
ἐκεῖ δὲ τῶν κατὰ τὴν μάχην ἀνδραγαθησάντων κατʼ ἀξίαν ἕκαστον τιμήσας ἔκρινε πάντων ἄριστον γεγενῆσθαι Τισσαφέρνην.
There, having honored according to desert each of those who had behaved gallantly in the battle, he judged Tissaphernes to have been the best of all.
διὸ καὶ μεγάλαις αὐτὸν τιμήσας δωρεαῖς ἔδωκε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ θυγατέρα πρὸς συμβίωσιν, καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν διετέλει πιστότατον αὐτὸν ἔχων φίλον· ἔδωκε δʼ αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ὧν Κῦρος ἐπὶ θαλάττης ἦρχε σατραπειῶν.
Therefore, having honored him with great gifts, he gave him his own daughter in marriage, and for the future continued to have him as his most faithful friend; and he also gave him the command of the satrapies along the sea which Cyrus used to rule.
§14.26.5ὁ δὲ Τισσαφέρνης θεωρῶν τὸν βασιλέα διʼ ὀργῆς ἔχοντα τοὺς Ἕλληνας, ἐπηγγείλατʼ αὐτῷ ἅπαντας ἀνελεῖν, ἐὰν αὐτῷ μὲν δυνάμεις δῷ, πρὸς δὲ Ἀριδαῖον διαλλαγῇ· προδοθήσεσθαι γὰρ ὑπὸ τούτου τοὺς Ἕλληνας κατὰ τὴν ὁδοιπορίαν.
But Tissaphernes, seeing that the King was in anger toward the Greeks, promised him to destroy them all, if he would give him forces and be reconciled with Aridaeus; for he said that the Greeks would be betrayed by Aridaeus during the march.
ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἀσμένως τοὺς λόγους δεξάμενος τούτῳ μὲν ἔδωκεν ἐξ ἁπάσης τῆς δυνάμεως ἐπιλέξαι τοὺς κρατίστους ὅσους προαιροῖτο.
And the King gladly accepted these words and allowed him to choose from the entire force as many of the best men as he preferred.
§14.26.6ἄλλοις γε ἡγεμόσιν ἐλθεῖν καὶ κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀκοῦσαι τῶν λόγων.
... and that the other officers also should come and hear the words face to face.
διόπερ οἵ τε στρατηγοὶ σχεδὸν ἅπαντες μετὰ Κλεάρχου καὶ τῶν λοχαγῶν ὡς εἴκοσι πρὸς Τισσαφέρνην ἦλθον· καὶ στρατιωτῶν δὲ πρὸς ἀγορὰν ἐλθεῖν βουλομένων ἠκολούθησαν ὡς διακόσιοι.
Therefore almost all the generals with Clearchus and about twenty of the captains went to Tissaphernes; and about two hundred of the soldiers who wished to go to the market also followed.
§14.26.7Τισσαφέρνης δὲ τοὺς μὲν στρατηγοὺς εἰς τὴν σκηνὴν ἐκάλεσεν, οἱ δὲ λοχαγοὶ πρὸς ταῖς θύραις διέτριβον.
And Tissaphernes called the generals into his tent, while the captains remained at the entrance.
καὶ μετʼ ὀλίγον ἐκ τῆς Τισσαφέρνους σκηνῆς ἀρθείσης φοινικίδος ὁ μὲν τοὺς στρατηγοὺς ἔνδον συνέλαβε, τοὺς δὲ λοχαγοὺς οἷς ἦν συντεταγμένον ἐπελθόντες ἀνεῖλον, ἄλλοι δὲ τοὺς ἐπὶ τὴν ἀγορὰν ἥκοντας τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἀνῄρουν· ἐξ ὧν εἷς φυγὼν εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν παρεμβολὴν ἐδήλωσε τὴν συμφοράν.
And after a short time, when a red flag was raised from the tent of Tissaphernes, he arrested the generals inside, and others, falling upon the captains as had been ordered, slew them, while still others began to kill those of the soldiers who had come to the market; of whom one, having fled to his own camp, made known the disaster.

Notes

  1. 14.26.3φιλίαν παρασχέσθαι τὴν χώραν — φιλίαν is not the accusative of the noun φιλία (friendship), but the feminine singular accusative of the adjective φίλιος (friendly), serving as a predicative adjective to τὴν χώραν. It forms a double accusative construction expressing "to provide the territory as friendly."
  2. 14.26.6ἄλλοις γε ἡγεμόσιν — There is a presumed lacuna at the beginning of this sentence in the manuscripts, leaving this dative phrase isolated. Contextually, a transitive verb governing the dative, such as "urged" (παρεκελεύσατο) or "ordered," is missing or omitted in the preceding clause upon which this phrase depends.
  3. 14.26.7οἷς ἦν συντεταγμένον — οἷς ἦν συντεταγμένον is an impersonal passive construction meaning "those to whom it had been ordered (to do so)." The relative pronoun οἷς is a dative of agent or interest with the impersonal passive συντεταγμένον ἦν, and the antecedent demonstrative pronoun (the subject of the main verb ἀνεῖλον) is omitted.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.26.1-14.26.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.26.1-14.26.7

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