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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.108.1-14.108.6

Dionysius' Siege of Rhegium and the Resistance of Phyton

Passage 402 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Dionysius attempts a stratagem by requesting provisions from Rhegion, but the Rhegians discover his plan, refuse him, and face a siege. Led by Phyton, the Rhegians resist fiercely, and although Dionysius is seriously wounded, he continues the assault.

§14.108.1ἀγαγὼν οὖν πρὸς τὸν πορθμὸν τὰς δυνάμεις, τὰ πρὸς τὴν διάβασιν παρεσκευάζετο.
Therefore, having led his forces to the strait, he made preparations for the crossing.
καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ᾔτει τοὺς Ῥηγίνους ἀγοράς, ἐπαγγελλόμενος ταχέως τὰς δοθείσας ἀποστέλλειν ἐκ Συρακουσῶν.
And first, he demanded provisions from the Rhegians, promising to send back quickly from Syracuse what they would give.
τοῦτο δʼ ἔπραττεν, ὅπως μὴ διδόντων μὲν αὐτῶν δικαίως δόξῃ τὴν πόλιν ἑλεῖν, δόντων δʼ ἐνόμιζεν ἐξαναλώσειν αὐτῶν τὸν σῖτον καὶ προσκαθίσας τὴν πόλιν διὰ τὴν σπάνιν ταχὺ κυριεύσειν αὐτῆς.
This he did in order that, if they did not give, he might seem to have taken the city with justice, whereas, if they did give, he believed he would consume their grain and, by sitting down before the city, quickly make himself master of it because of the scarcity.
§14.108.2οἱ δὲ Ῥηγῖνοι τούτων μὲν οὐδὲν ὑπονοοῦντες τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἐφʼ ἡμέρας τινὰς ἐχορήγουν τὰς τροφὰς λαμπρῶς· ὡς δὲ πλείονα χρόνον ἐνδιέτριβε, ποτὲ μὲν ἀρρωστίαν, ποτὲ δὲ ἄλλας προφάσεις ποριζόμενος, ὑπονοήσαντες αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπιβολήν, οὐκέτι παρεῖχον τὰς τροφὰς τῷ στρατοπέδῳ.
But the Rhegians, suspecting nothing of this, at first supplied provisions abundantly for several days; but when he lingered for a longer time, alleging at one time illness and at another other pretexts, they suspected his design and no longer provided provisions for the army.
§14.108.3ὁ δὲ Διονύσιος ἐπὶ τούτῳ προσποιηθεὶς ἀγανακτεῖν, τοὺς μὲν ὁμήρους τοῖς Ῥηγίνοις ἀπέδωκε, τὴν δὲ πόλιν περιστρατοπεδεύσας καθʼ ἡμέραν προσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο.
Dionysius, pretending to be angry at this, returned the hostages to the Rhegians, and having encamped around the city, made daily assaults upon it.
κατεσκεύασε δὲ καὶ μηχανημάτων πολὺ πλῆθος ἀπίστων τοῖς μεγέθεσι, διʼ ὧν τὰ τείχη σαλεύων ἐφιλοτιμεῖτο κατὰ κράτος ἑλεῖν τὴν πόλιν.
He also constructed a great number of siege engines of incredible size, by which he shook the walls, being eager to take the city by storm.
§14.108.4οἱ δὲ Ῥηγῖνοι στρατηγὸν ἑλόμενοι Φύτωνα, καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἐν ἡλικίᾳ καθοπλίσαντες, ταῖς τε φυλακαῖς ἐπιμελῶς ἐχρῶντο καὶ κατὰ τὰς εὐκαιρίας ἐξιόντες ἐνεπύριζον τὰς τῶν πολεμίων μηχανάς.
The Rhegians, having chosen Phyton as general and armed all those of military age, kept watch diligently and, sallying out at favorable opportunities, set fire to the engines of the enemy.
§14.108.5οὗτοι μὲν οὖν πολλάκις ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζόμενοι πρὸ τῶν τειχῶν, τήν τε τῶν πολεμίων ὀργὴν ἐξέκαυσαν καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ἑαυτῶν ἀπέβαλον, οὐκ ὀλίγους δὲ καὶ τῶν Σικελιωτῶν ἀνεῖλον.
These men, therefore, fighting splendidly many times in front of the walls for their fatherland, inflamed the anger of the enemy; and while they lost many of their own men, they also slew not a few of the Siceliots.
§14.108.6καὶ αὐτὸν δὲ τὸν Διονύσιον συνέβη λόγχῃ πληγέντα παρὰ τὸν βουβῶνα παρʼ ὀλίγον μὲν τελευτῆσαι, μόγις δὲ αὑτὸν ἀναλαβεῖν ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος.
And it happened that Dionysius himself, being struck with a lance near the groin, narrowly escaped death, and recovered from his wound with difficulty.
χρονιζούσης δὲ τῆς πολιορκίας διὰ τὸ τοὺς Ῥηγίνους ἀνυπέρβλητον εἰσφέρεσθαι σπουδὴν ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐλευθερίας, Διονύσιος τὰς μὲν δυνάμεις συνεῖχεν ἐν ταῖς καθʼ ἡμέραν προσβολαῖς καὶ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πρόθεσιν οὐκ ἐγκατέλειπεν.
Though the siege was prolonged because the Rhegians displayed unsurpassable zeal for their freedom, Dionysius kept his forces engaged in daily attacks and did not abandon his original purpose.

Notes

  1. §14.108.1ὅπως μὴ διδόντων μὲν αὐτῶν δικαίως δόξῃ τὴν πόλιν ἑλεῖν, δόντων δʼ ἐνόμιζεν ἐξαναλώσειν αὐτῶν τὸν σῖτον... — The conjunction ὅπως introduces a purpose clause with the subjunctive δόξῃ. However, in the contrasting second clause starting with δόντων δʼ, the structure shifts out of the ὅπως clause; it is governed by ἐνόμιζεν (imperfect indicative), which takes the accusative and infinitive construction (ἐξαναλώσειν and κυριεύσειν). Both μὴ διδόντων ... αὐτῶν and δόντων are genitive absolutes.
  2. §14.108.6συνέβη λόγχῃ πληγέντα... παρʼ ὀλίγον μὲν τελευτῆσαι, μόγις δὲ αὑτὸν ἀναλαβεῖν... — The impersonal verb συνέβη takes the infinitives τελευτῆσαι and ἀναλαβεῖν as its subject (or complement). The participle πληγέντα is in the accusative case, agreeing with Dionysius, who is the accusative subject of the infinitives. The prepositional phrase παρʼ ὀλίγον is an idiomatic expression meaning 'narrowly escaped' or 'almost'.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.108.1-14.108.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.108.1-14.108.6

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