§12.75.1ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησιν Ἀριστίωνος Ῥωμαῖοι κατέστησαν ὑπάτους Τίτον Κοΐντιον καὶ Αὖλον Κορνήλιον Κόσσον.
When Aristion was archon in Athens, the Romans elected Titus Quinctius and Aulus Cornelius Cossus as consuls.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων ἄρτι τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ Πελοποννησιακοῦ καταλελυμένου πάλιν ταραχαὶ καὶ κινήσεις πολεμικαὶ συνέβησαν κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα διὰ τοιαύτας τινὰς αἰτίας.
During their term of office, although the Peloponnesian War had only recently been concluded, disturbances and warlike movements broke out again throughout Greece due to the following causes.
§12.75.2Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι κοινῇ μετὰ τῶν συμμάχων πεποιημένοι σπονδὰς καὶ διαλύσεις, χωρὶς τῶν συμμαχίδων πόλεων συνέθεντο συμμαχίαν.
The Athenians and Lacedaemonians, although they had made peace and reconciliation in common with their allies, entered into a private alliance without the allied cities.
τοῦτο δὲ πράξαντες εἰς ὑπόνοιαν ἦλθον ὡς ἐπὶ καταδουλώσει τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλλήνων ἰδίᾳ πεποιημένοι συμμαχίαν.
By doing this, they fell under suspicion of having made a private alliance for the purpose of enslaving the rest of the Greeks.
§12.75.3διόπερ αἱ μέγισται τῶν πόλεων διεπρεσβεύοντο πρὸς ἀλλήλας καὶ συνδιελέγοντο περὶ ὁμονοίας καὶ συμμαχίας κατὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων.
Therefore, the greatest of the cities sent embassies to one another and conferred about harmony and an alliance against the Athenians and Lacedaemonians.
ἦσαν δὲ προεστῶσαι πόλεις ταύτης αἱ δυνατώταται τέτταρες, Ἄργος, Θῆβαι, Κόρινθος, Ἦλις.
The cities leading this movement were the four most powerful ones: Argos, Thebes, Corinth, and Elis.
§12.75.4εὐλόγως δʼ ὑπωπτεύθησαν αἱ πόλεις συμφρονεῖν κατὰ τῆς Ἑλλάδος διὰ τὸ προσγεγράφθαι ταῖς κοιναῖς συνθήκαις· ἐξεῖναι Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις, ὅπερ ἂν δοκῇ ταύταις ταῖς πόλεσι, προσγράφειν ταῖς συνθήκαις καὶ ἀφαιρεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν συνθηκῶν.
These two cities were reasonably suspected of conspiring against Greece because of a clause added to the common treaty: namely, that it should be permitted for the Athenians and Lacedaemonians to add to the treaty and to remove from the treaty whatever seemed best to these cities.
χωρὶς δὲ τούτων Ἀθηναῖοι μὲν διὰ ψηφίσματος ἔδωκαν δέκα ἀνδράσιν ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν βουλεύεσθαι περὶ τῶν τῇ πόλει συμφερόντων· τὸ παραπλήσιον δὲ καὶ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων πεποιηκότων φανερὰν συνέβη γενέσθαι τῶν δύο πόλεων τὴν πλεονεξίαν.
Apart from this, the Athenians by a decree gave authority to ten men to deliberate on what was advantageous for the city, and since the Lacedaemonians did the equivalent, the greed of the two cities became obvious.
§12.75.5πολλῶν δὲ πόλεων ὑπακουουσῶν πρὸς τὴν κοινὴν ἐλευθερίαν, καὶ τῶν μὲν Ἀθηναίων καταφρονουμένων διὰ τὴν περὶ τὸ Δήλιον συμφοράν, τῶν δὲ Λακεδαιμονίων τεταπεινωμένων τῇ δόξῃ διὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν τῶν ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ νήσῳ, πολλαὶ πόλεις συνίσταντο, καὶ προῆγον τὴν τῶν Ἀργείων πόλιν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν.
While many cities were responding to the call for common freedom, and since the Athenians were held in low esteem because of the disaster at Delium, and the Lacedaemonians had been humbled in their reputation because of the capture of their men on the island of Sphacteria, many cities began to unite and advanced the city of the Argives to the leadership.
§12.75.6εἴ͂χε γὰρ ἡ πόλις αὕτη μέγα ἀξίωμα διὰ τὰς παλαιὰς πράξεις· πρὸ γὰρ τῆς Ἡρακλειδῶν κατηλύσεως ἐκ τῆς Ἀργείας ὑπῆρξαν σχεδὸν ἅπαντες οἱ μέγιστοι τῶν βασιλέων·
For this city possessed great prestige because of its ancient deeds; before the return of the Heracleidae, almost all the greatest of the kings had come from the Argolid.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις πολὺν χρόνον εἰρήνην ἔχουσα προσόδους μεγίστας ἐλάμβανε, καὶ πλῆθος οὐ μόνον χρημάτων εἶχεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνδρῶν.
In addition, since the city had enjoyed peace for a long time, it received very large revenues, and possessed not only a great amount of money but also a large population.
§12.75.7οἱ δʼ Ἀργεῖοι νομίζοντες αὑτοῖς συγχωρηθήσεσθαι τὴν ὅλην ἡγεμονίαν, ἐπέλεξαν τῶν πολιτῶν χιλίους τοὺς νεωτέρους καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς τε σώμασιν ἰσχύοντας καὶ ταῖς οὐσίαις·
The Argives, believing that the entire leadership would be conceded to them, selected from the citizens one thousand of the younger men who were most robust in body and wealthiest in estate.
ἀπολύσαντες δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ τῆς ἄλλης λειτουργίας καὶ τροφὰς δημοσίας χορηγοῦντες προσέταξαν γυμνάζεσθαι συνεχεῖς μελέτας.
Having exempted them from all other public duties and providing them with maintenance at public expense, they ordered them to practice continuous training.
οὗτοι μὲν οὖν διὰ τὴν χορηγίαν καὶ τὴν συνεχῆ μελέτην ταχὺ τῶν πολεμικῶν ἔργων ἀθληταὶ κατεστάθησαν.
These men, thanks to this maintenance and constant practice, quickly became masters of warlike deeds.