§12.20.1Ζάλευκος τοίνυν ἦν τὸ γένος ἐκ τῆς Ἰταλίας Λοκρός, ἀνὴρ εὐγενὴς καὶ κατὰ παιδείαν τεθαυμασμένος, μαθητὴς δὲ Πυθαγόρου τοῦ φιλοσόφου.
Zaleucus, then, was by birth a Locrian from Italy, a man of noble birth and admired for his education, and a disciple of the philosopher Pythagoras.
οὗτος πολλῆς ἀποδοχῆς τυγχάνων ἐν τῇ πατρίδι νομοθέτης ᾑρέθη, καὶ καταβαλόμενος ἐξ ἀρχῆς καινὴν νομοθεσίαν ἤρξατο πρῶτον περὶ τῶν ἐπουρανίων θεῶν.
Having obtained great acceptance in his native city, he was chosen as lawgiver, and establishing a new code of laws from the beginning, he started first with the heavenly gods.
§12.20.2εὐθὺς γὰρ ἐν τῷ προοιμίῳ τῆς ὅλης νομοθεσίας ἔφη δεῖν τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐν τῇ πόλει πάντων πρῶτον ὑπολαβεῖν καὶ πεπεῖσθαι θεοὺς εἶναι, καὶ ταῖς διανοίαις ἐπισκοποῦντας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν διακόσμησιν καὶ τάξιν κρίνειν οὐ τύχης οὐδʼ ἀνθρώπων εἶναι ταῦτα κατασκευάσματα, σέβεσθαί τε τοὺς θεούς, ὡς πάντων τῶν ἐν τῷ βίῳ καλῶν καὶ ἀγαθῶν αἰτίους ὄντας τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, ἔχειν δὲ καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν καθαρὰν πάσης κακίας, ὡς τῶν θεῶν οὐ χαιρόντων ταῖς τῶν πονηρῶν θυσίαις τε καὶ δαπάναις, ἀλλὰ ταῖς τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν δικαίαις τε καὶ καλαῖς ἐπιτηδεύσεσι.
For immediately in the preamble of his entire legislation, he stated that it was necessary for those dwelling in the city first of all to believe and be convinced that gods exist, and, contemplating with their minds the heaven and its ordering and beauty, to judge that these are not the creations of chance or of men; and also to revere the gods, since they are the causes of all beautiful and good things in life for men, and to keep their soul pure from all wickedness, since the gods do not rejoice in the sacrifices and expenditures of the wicked, but in the just and beautiful practices of good men.
§12.20.3διὰ δὲ τοῦ προοιμίου προκαλεσάμενος τοὺς πολίτας εἰς εὐσέβειαν καὶ δικαιοσύνην, ἐπέζευξε προστάττων μηδένα τῶν πολιτῶν ἐχθρὸν ἀκατάλλακτον ἔχειν, ἀλλʼ οὕτω τὴν ἔχθραν ἀναλαμβάνειν ὡς ἥξοντα πάλιν εἰς σύλλυσιν καὶ φιλίαν· τὸν δὲ παρὰ ταῦτα ποιοῦντα διαλαμβάνεσθαι παρὰ τοῖς πολίταις ἀνήμερον καὶ ἄγριον τὴν ψυχήν.
And having urged the citizens to piety and justice through the preamble, he added the command that none of the citizens should have an irreconcilable enemy, but should so harbor their enmity as though they would come back again to agreement and friendship; and that anyone who acted contrary to this should be regarded among the citizens as savage and wild in soul.
τοὺς δὲ ἄρχοντας παρεκελεύετο μὴ εἶναι αὐθάδεις μηδὲ ὑπερηφάνους, μηδὲ κρίνειν πρὸς ἔχθραν ἢ φιλίαν.
He also exhorted the rulers not to be self-willed or arrogant, and not to judge out of enmity or friendship.
ἐν δὲ τοῖς κατὰ μέρος νομοθετήμασι πολλὰ παρʼ ἑαυτοῦ προσεξεῦρε μάλα σοφῶς καὶ περιττῶς.
And in the specific laws, he devised and added many things from himself very wisely and extraordinarily.