Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §11.86.1-11.86.5

Truce in Greece and the Syracuse Exile Law

Passage 87 of 723 · Greek

Summary

While Athens and the Peloponnesians agree to a truce and a dispute over land arises in Sicily, the execution of Tyndarides, who attempted to establish a tyranny in Syracuse, leads the citizens to institute a law modeled on Athenian ostracism.

§11.86.1ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησιν Ἀρίστωνος Ῥωμαῖοι μὲν κατέστησαν ὑπάτους Κόιντον Φάβιον Οὐιβουλανὸν καὶ Λεύκιον Κορνήλιον Κουριτῖνον.
When Ariston was archon in Athens, the Romans appointed Quintus Fabius Vibulanus and Lucius Cornelius Curitinus as consuls.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Πελοποννησίοις πενταετεῖς ἐγένοντο σπονδαί, Κίμωνος τοῦ Ἀθηναίου συνθεμένου ταύτας.
Under these consuls, a five-year truce was concluded between the Athenians and the Peloponnesians, Cimon the Athenian having negotiated it.
§11.86.2κατὰ δὲ τὴν Σικελίαν Ἐγεσταίοις καὶ Λιλυβαίταις ἐνέστη πόλεμος περὶ χώρας τῆς πρὸς τῷ Μαζάρῳ ποταμῷ· γενομένης δὲ μάχης ἰσχυρᾶς συνέβη πολλοὺς παρʼ ἀμφοτέροις ἀναιρεθῆναι καὶ τῆς φιλοτιμίας μὴ λῆξαι τὰς πόλεις.
In Sicily, a war broke out between the Egestaeans and the Lilybaeans over the land near the Mazarus River; and a fierce battle having taken place, it happened that many on both sides were slain and that the cities did not cease from their rivalry.
§11.86.3μετὰ δὲ τὴν πολιτογραφίαν τὴν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι γενομένην καὶ τὸν ἀναδασμὸν τῆς χώρας, πολλῶν εἰκῇ καὶ ὡς ἔτυχε πεπολιτογραφημένων, ἐνόσουν αἱ πόλεις καὶ πάλιν εἰς πολιτικὰς στάσεις καὶ ταραχὰς ἐνέπιπτον· μάλιστα δὲ τὸ κακὸν ἐπεπόλασεν ἐν ταῖς Συρακούσαις.
After the enrollment of citizens that took place in the cities and the redistribution of the land, since many had been enrolled as citizens at random and by chance, the cities were sick and fell again into civil strife and confusion; and this evil prevailed especially in Syracuse.
§11.86.4Τυνδαρίδης γάρ τις τοὔνομα, θράσους καὶ τόλμης γέμων ἄνθρωπος, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον πολλοὺς τῶν πενήτων ἀνελάμβανε, καὶ σωματοποιῶν τούτους ἑαυτῷ πρὸς τυραννίδα ἑτοίμους ἐποίει δορυφόρους.
For a certain man named Tyndarides, a fellow full of effrontery and boldness, at first won over many of the poor, and by organizing them into a body made them ready bodyguards for himself for a tyranny.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἤδη φανερὸς ὢν ὅτι δυναστείας ὀρέγεται, θανάτου κρίσιν ὑποσχὼν κατεδικάσθη.
After this, when it was already obvious that he was grasping at supreme power, he was brought to trial on a capital charge and condemned to death.
§11.86.5ἀπαγομένου δὲ εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον οἱ πολυωρηθέντες ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ συνεστράφησαν καὶ τοῖς ἀπάγουσι τὰς χεῖρας ἐπέφερον.
As he was being led away to the prison, those who had been favored by him banded together and laid hands on those who were leading him away.
ταραχῆς δὲ γενομένης κατὰ τὴν πόλιν, συνεστράφησαν οἱ χαριέστατοι τῶν πολιτῶν, καὶ τοὺς νεωτερίσαντας συναρπάσαντες ἅμα τῷ Τυνδαρίδῃ ἀνεῖλον.
When a tumult arose in the city, the most respectable of the citizens banded together, and seizing those who had attempted a revolution, they put them to death along with Tyndarides.
πλεονάκις δὲ τούτου γινομένου, καὶ τῶν ἀνδρῶν τυραννίδος ἐπιθυμούντων, ὁ δῆμος ἐπηνέχθη μιμήσασθαι τοὺς Ἀθηναίους, καὶ νόμον θεῖναι παραπλήσιον τῷ παρʼ ἐκείνοις γεγραμμένῳ περὶ ὀστρακισμοῦ.
Since this happened quite often and men were desiring tyranny, the people were led to imitate the Athenians and to establish a law similar to the one written among them concerning ostracism.

Notes

  1. 11.86.1Κίμωνος τοῦ Ἀθηναίου συνθεμένου ταύτας — A genitive absolute expressing attendant circumstance or cause for the preceding main clause, meaning 'Cimon the Athenian having negotiated these (truces)'.
  2. 11.86.2συνέβη πολλοὺς παρʼ ἀμφοτέροις ἀναιρεθῆναι καὶ τῆς φιλοτιμίας μὴ λῆξαι τὰς πόλεις — Two accusative-and-infinitive clauses (πολλοὺς ... ἀναιρεθῆναι and τὰς πόλεις ... μὴ λῆξαι) are coordinated by καί as the subject of the impersonal verb συνέβη. In the latter clause, τὰς πόλεις is the subject accusative of the infinitive λῆξαι, and τῆς φιλοτιμίας is the genitive governed by λήγω ('to cease from').
  3. 11.86.4θανάτου κρίσιν ὑποσχὼν κατεδικάσθη — The word ὑποσχών is the aorist active participle of ὑπέχω, used here in a legal sense meaning 'to submit to trial' or 'to undergo prosecution'. Combined with θανάτου κρίσιν ('a capital trial'), it means 'having undergone trial on a capital charge, he was condemned'.
  4. 11.86.5ἐπηνέχθη — The third person singular aorist passive indicative of ἐπιφέρω, here carrying a passive or middle nuance meaning 'was induced', 'felt inclined', or 'was led to', followed by the infinitive μιμήσασθαι.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §11.86.1-11.86.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:11.86.1-11.86.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.