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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §11.68.1-11.68.8

Exile of Thrasybulus and Syracuse's Democracy

Passage 69 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Syracusans, by forming alliances with other Sicilian cities, defeated Thrasybulus's mercenary forces on both land and sea, forcing him into exile and successfully restoring democracy. The passage also mentions the first appointment of tribunes of the plebs in Rome.

§11.68.1οἱ δὲ Συρακόσιοι τὸ μὲν πρῶτον μέρος τῆς πόλεως κατελάβοντο τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Τύχην, ἐκ ταύτης δὲ ὁρμώμενοι πρεσβευτὰς ἀπέστειλαν εἰς Γέλαν καὶ Ἀκράγαντα καὶ Σελινοῦντα, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις εἰς Ἱμέραν καὶ πρὸς τὰς τῶν Σικελῶν πόλεις τὰς ἐν τῇ μεσογείῳ κειμένας, ἀξιοῦντες κατὰ τάχος συνελθεῖν καὶ συνελευθερῶσαι τὰς Συρακούσας.
The Syracusans, for their part, first occupied that part of the city called Tyche, and making this their base of operations, they sent envoys to Gela, Acragas, and Selinus, and in addition to these, to Himera and to the cities of the Sicels situated in the interior, requesting them to come together quickly and help to liberate Syracuse.
§11.68.2πάντων δὲ προθύμως ὑπακουόντων, καὶ συντόμως ἀποστειλάντων τῶν μὲν πεζοὺς καὶ ἱππεῖς στρατιώτας, τῶν δὲ ναῦς μακρὰς κεκοσμημένας εἰς ναυμαχίαν, ταχὺ συνήχθη δύναμις ἀξιόχρεως τοῖς Συρακοσίοις.
And since all readily complied and promptly dispatched, some of them infantry and cavalry, and others long ships equipped for battle at sea, a force sufficient to command respect was quickly assembled for the Syracusans.
διὸ καὶ τὰς ναῦς καταρτίσαντες οἱ Συρακόσιοι καὶ τὴν πεζὴν δύναμιν ἐκτάξαντες, ἑτοίμους ἑαυτοὺς ἀπέδειξαν καὶ πεζῇ καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν διαγωνίζεσθαι.
Therefore the Syracusans, having fitted out their ships and drawn up their land force, showed themselves ready to fight it out both by land and by sea.
§11.68.3ὁ δὲ Θρασύβουλος ἐγκαταλειπόμενος ὑπὸ τῶν συμμάχων καὶ τὰς ἐλπίδας ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔχων τοῖς μισθοφόροις, τῆς μὲν Ἀχραδινῆς καὶ τῆς Νήσου κύριος ἦν, τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν μέρος τῆς πόλεως κατεῖχον οἱ Συρακόσιοι.
Thrasybulus, being abandoned by his allies and having his hopes in the mercenaries alone, was master of Achradina and the Island, while the Syracusans held the rest of the city.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ὁ μὲν Θρασύβουλος ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐπιπλεύσας ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, καὶ λειφθεὶς τῇ ναυμαχίᾳ, συχνὰς μὲν τριήρεις ἀπέβαλε, ταῖς δʼ ἄλλαις κατέφυγεν εἰς τὴν Νῆσον.
After this, Thrasybulus sailed out with his ships against the enemy, but being defeated in the sea-battle, he lost many triremes and fled with the rest to the Island.
§11.68.4ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὴν πεζὴν δύναμιν προαγαγὼν ἐκ τῆς Ἀχραδινῆς καὶ παραταξάμενος ἐν τοῖς προαστείοις ἡττήθη, καὶ πολλοὺς ἀποβαλὼν ἠναγκάσθη πάλιν εἰς τὴν Ἀχραδινὴν ἀποχωρῆσαι.
In like manner, he also led out his land force from Achradina and, drawing them up in the suburbs, was defeated; and having lost many men, he was forced to retreat again into Achradina.
τέλος δὲ ἀπογνοὺς τὴν τυραννίδα διεπρεσβεύσατο πρὸς τοὺς Συρακοσίους, καὶ συνθέμενος τὰ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὑπόσπονδος ἀπῆλθεν εἰς Λοκρούς.
Finally, despairing of his tyranny, he sent envoys to the Syracusans, and having come to an agreement with them, he departed under a truce to Locri.
§11.68.5οἱ δὲ Συρακόσιοι τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ἐλευθερώσαντες τὴν πατρίδα τοῖς μὲν μισθοφόροις συνεχώρησαν ἀπελθεῖν ἐκ τῶν Συρακουσῶν, τὰς δὲ ἄλλας πόλεις τὰς τυραννουμένας ἢ φρουρὰς ἐχούσας ἐλευθερώσαντες ἀποκατέστησαν ταῖς πόλεσι τὰς δημοκρατίας.
The Syracusans, having in this manner liberated their fatherland, permitted the mercenaries to depart from Syracuse, and having liberated the other cities that were under tyrants or held by garrisons, they restored the democracies to those cities.
§11.68.6ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων τῶν χρόνων εἰρήνην ἔχουσα πολλὴν ἐπίδοσιν ἔλαβε πρὸς εὐδαιμονίαν, καὶ διεφύλαξε τὴν δημοκρατίαν ἔτη σχεδὸν ἑξήκοντα μέχρι τῆς Διονυσίου τυραννίδος.
From this time on, enjoying peace, the city made great progress toward prosperity and preserved its democracy for about sixty years until the tyranny of Dionysius.
§11.68.7Θρασύβουλος δὲ καλῶς θεμελιωθεῖσαν βασιλείαν παραλαβών, διὰ τὴν ἰδίαν κακίαν αἰσχρῶς ἀπέβαλε τὴν ἀρχήν, καὶ φυγὼν εἰς Λοκροὺς ἐνταῦθα τὸν λοιπὸν χρόνον ἰδιωτεύων κατεβίωσεν.
But Thrasybulus, having inherited a kingship that was well established, shamefully lost his rule through his own wickedness, and fleeing to Locri, he spent the rest of his life there living as a private citizen.
§11.68.8ἅμα δὲ τούτοις πραττομένοις ἐν τῇ Ῥώμῃ τότε πρώτως κατεστάθησαν δήμαρχοι τέτταρες, Γάιος Σικίνιος καὶ Λεύκιος Νεμετώριος, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις Μάρκος Δουίλλιος καὶ Σπόριος Ἀκίλιος.
At the same time that these things were being done, in Rome then for the first time four tribunes of the plebs were appointed, Gaius Sicinius and Lucius Nemetorius, and in addition to these, Marcus Duillius and Spurius Acilius.

Notes

  1. §11.68.1τὸ μὲν πρῶτον μέρος τῆς πόλεως κατελάβοντο τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Τύχην — The phrase "τὸ μὲν πρῶτον" is used adverbially to mean "firstly" or "at first," contrasting with the subsequent "ἐκ ταύτης δὲ." The phrase "μέρος τῆς πόλεως... τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Τύχην" means "that part of the city called Tyche," where "τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Τύχην" (feminine, agreeing with "Τύχη" or "πόλις") stands in apposition to or restricts the neuter noun "μέρος."
  2. §11.68.2τῶν μὲν πεζοὺς καὶ ἱππεῖς στρατιώτας, τῶν δὲ ναῦς — Inside the genitive absolute construction "πάντων δὲ... ὑπακουόντων, καὶ... ἀποστειλάντων," the partitive genitive phrases "τῶν μὲν... τῶν δὲ..." function as the semantic subjects of the participle "ἀποστειλάντων," dividing the general subject "πάντων" (all) into sub-groups (some... others...).
  3. §11.68.4ὑπόσπονδος — An adjective functioning adverbially, meaning "under a truce" or "solemnly protected by a treaty." It indicates that Thrasybulus departed with his personal safety guaranteed under the terms of the agreement made with the Syracusans.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §11.68.1-11.68.8. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:11.68.1-11.68.8

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