§79ΤΙ. ὁπόταν γὰρ εἴσω καὶ ἔξω τῆς ἀναπνοῆς ἰούσης τὸ πῦρ ἐντὸς συνημμένον ἕπηται, διαιωρούμενον δὲ ἀεὶ διὰ τῆς κοιλίας εἰσελθὸν τὰ σιτία καὶ ποτὰ λάβῃ, τήκει δή, καὶ κατὰ σμικρὰ διαιροῦν, διὰ τῶν ἐξόδων ᾗπερ πορεύεται διάγον, οἷον ἐκ κρήνης ἐπʼ ὀχετοὺς ἐπὶ τὰς φλέβας ἀντλοῦν αὐτά, ῥεῖν ὥσπερ αὐλῶνος διὰ τοῦ σώματος τὰ τῶν φλεβῶν ποιεῖ ῥεύματα.
TI. For whenever, as the breath goes in and out, the fire within, being bound to it, follows, and swinging always through the belly, enters and takes the food and drink, it melts them indeed, and dividing them into small parts, leads them through the outlets by which it passes, drawing them as if from a spring into the conduits, that is, the veins, and makes the streams of the veins flow through the body as if through a channel.
πάλιν δὲ τὸ τῆς ἀναπνοῆς ἴδωμεν πάθος, αἷς χρώμενον αἰτίαις τοιοῦτον γέγονεν οἷόνπερ τὰ νῦν ἐστιν. ὧδʼ οὖν.
Let us again look at the affection of breathing, by using what causes it has become such as it now is.
ἐπειδὴ κενὸν οὐδέν ἐστιν εἰς ὃ τῶν φερομένων δύναιτʼ ἂν εἰσελθεῖν τι, τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα φέρεται παρʼ ἡμῶν ἔξω, τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο ἤδη παντὶ δῆλον ὡς οὐκ εἰς κενόν, ἀλλὰ τὸ πλησίον ἐκ τῆς ἕδρας ὠθεῖ· τὸ δʼ ὠθούμενον ἐξελαύνει τὸ πλησίον ἀεί, καὶ κατὰ ταύτην τὴν ἀνάγκην πᾶν περιελαυνόμενον εἰς τὴν ἕδραν ὅθεν ἐξῆλθεν τὸ πνεῦμα, εἰσιὸν ἐκεῖσε καὶ ἀναπληροῦν αὐτὴν συνέπεται τῷ πνεύματι, καὶ τοῦτο ἅμα πᾶν οἷον τροχοῦ περιαγομένου γίγνεται διὰ τὸ κενὸν μηδὲν εἶναι.
Thus, then: since there is no void into which any of the things in motion could enter, and the breath is carried outward from us, what follows this is already clear to everyone, namely, that it does not go into a void, but pushes the neighboring air from its seat; and that which is pushed always drives out its neighbor, and by this necessity the whole, being driven around into the seat from which the breath went out, entering there and refilling it, follows the breath, and all this occurs at the same time like a rotating wheel, because there is no void.
διὸ δὴ τὸ τῶν στηθῶν καὶ τὸ τοῦ πλεύμονος ἔξω μεθιὲν τὸ πνεῦμα πάλιν ὑπὸ τοῦ περὶ τὸ σῶμα ἀέρος, εἴσω διὰ μανῶν τῶν σαρκῶν δυομένου καὶ περιελαυνομένου, γίγνεται πλῆρες· αὖθις δὲ ἀποτρεπόμενος ὁ ἀὴρ καὶ διὰ τοῦ σώματος ἔξω ἰὼν εἴσω τὴν ἀναπνοὴν περιωθεῖ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ στόματος καὶ τὴν τῶν μυκτήρων δίοδον.
For this reason indeed, when the region of the breast and the lungs lets out the breath, it is filled again by the air around the body, which sinks inward through the porous flesh and is driven around; and on the other hand, when the air turns back and goes out through the body, it pushes the breath inward along the passage of the mouth and the nostrils.
τὴν δʼ αἰτίαν τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτῶν θετέον τήνδε.
And the cause of their beginning must be established as follows.
πᾶν ζῷον αὑτοῦ τἀντὸς περὶ τὸ αἷμα καὶ τὰς φλέβας θερμότατα ἔχει, οἷον ἐν ἑαυτῷ πηγήν τινα ἐνοῦσαν πυρός· ὃ δὴ καὶ προσῃκάζομεν τῷ τοῦ κύρτου πλέγματι, κατὰ μέσον διατεταμένον ἐκ πυρὸς πεπλέχθαι πᾶν, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα ὅσα ἔξωθεν, ἀέρος.
Every living thing has the parts within itself about the blood and the veins warmest, like a certain fountain of fire existing in itself; which indeed we likened to the network of the weel, saying that it was woven entirely of fire along the middle, while all the other parts on the outside were of air.
τὸ θερμὸν δὴ κατὰ φύσιν εἰς τὴν αὑτοῦ χώραν ἔξω πρὸς τὸ συγγενὲς ὁμολογητέον ἰέναι· δυοῖν δὲ τοῖν διεξόδοιν οὔσαιν, τῆς μὲν κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἔξω, τῆς δὲ αὖ κατὰ τὸ στόμα καὶ τὰς ῥῖνας, ὅταν μὲν ἐπὶ θάτερα ὁρμήσῃ, θάτερα περιωθεῖ, τὸ δὲ περιωσθὲν εἰς τὸ πῦρ ἐμπῖπτον θερμαίνεται, τὸ δʼ ἐξιὸν ψύχεται.
Now we must agree that the hot by nature goes outward to its own region, toward its kindred; and since there are two outlets, one outward through the body, and the other on the other hand through the mouth and the nose, whenever it rushes toward one of them, it pushes around the air on the other side, and that which is pushed around, falling into the fire, is warmed, while that which goes out is cooled.
μεταβαλλούσης δὲ τῆς θερμότητος καὶ τῶν κατὰ τὴν ἑτέραν ἔξοδον θερμοτέρων γιγνομένων πάλιν ἐκείνῃ ῥέπον αὖ τὸ θερμότερον μᾶλλον, πρὸς τὴν αὑτοῦ φύσιν φερόμενον, περιωθεῖ τὸ κατὰ θάτερα· τὸ δὲ τὰ αὐτὰ πάσχον καὶ τὰ αὐτὰ ἀνταποδιδὸν ἀεί, κύκλον οὕτω σαλευόμενον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα ἀπειργασμένον ὑπʼ ἀμφοτέρων τὴν ἀναπνοὴν καὶ ἐκπνοὴν γίγνεσθαι παρέχεται.
And when the heat shifts and the parts along the other outlet become warmer, the warmer part again inclining more in that direction, being carried toward its own nature, pushes around the air on the other side; and this, suffering the same things and always returning the same, provides that respiration and expiration occur, having been produced by both as a circle swinging this way and that.