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Pindar · Pythian Odes §5.1-5.125

Chariot Victory of Arcesilas and the Lineage of Battus

Passage 10 of 18 · Greek

Summary

The poet praises the great power of wealth when combined with true virtue, celebrating the victory of King Arcesilas of Cyrene and his charioteer Carrhotus at the Pythian Games, while recalling the glorious lineage of the founder Battus and praying for Apollo's continued favor.

§5.1ὁ πλοῦτος εὐρυσθενής, §5.2ὅταν τις ἀρετᾷ κεκραμένον καθαρᾷ §5.3βροτήσιος ἀνὴρ πότμου παραδόντος, αὐτὸν ἀνάγῃ §5.4πολύφιλον ἑπέταν.
Wealth is of wide power, when a mortal man, destiny having granted it, leads it when mixed with pure virtue, making it an attendant with many friends.
§5.5ὦ θεόμορʼ Ἀρκεσίλα, §5.6σύ τοί νιν κλυτᾶς §5.7αἰῶνος ἀκρᾶν βαθμίδων ἄπο §5.8σὺν εὐδοξίᾳ μετανίσεαι §5.9ἕκατι χρυσαρμάτου Κάστορος· §5.10εὐδίαν ὃς μετὰ χειμέριον ὄμβρον τεὰν §5.11καταιθύσσει μάκαιραν ἑστίαν.
O god-destined Arcesilas, you indeed, from the high steps of a famous life, with glory pursue it, by the favor of golden-charioted Castor; who after a wintry storm sheds a calm upon your blessed hearth.
§5.12σοφοὶ δέ τοι κάλλιον §5.13φέροντι καὶ τὰν θεόσδοτον δύναμιν.
And wise men bear even god-given power in a more beautiful way.
§5.14σὲ δʼ ἐρχόμενον ἐν δίκᾳ πολὺς ὄλβος ἀμφινέμεται· §5.15τὸ μέν, ὅτι βασιλεὺς §5.16ἐσσὶ μεγαλᾶν πολίων, §5.17ἔχει συγγενὴς §5.18ὀφθαλμὸς αἰδοιότατον γέρας §5.19τεᾷ τοῦτο μιγνύμενον φρενί· §5.20μάκαρ δὲ καὶ νῦν, κλεεννᾶς ὅτι §5.21εὖχος ἤδη παρὰ Πυθιάδος ἵπποις ἑλὼν §5.22δέδεξαι τόνδε κῶμον ἀνέρων, §5.23Ἀπολλώνιον ἄθυρμα.
And great prosperity surrounds you as you walk in justice: partly because you are a king of great cities, and this inborn eye of sovereignty holds a most venerable honor, mixed with your mind; and you are blessed also now, because having already won a victory with horses from glorious Pytho, you have received this revel-band of men, Apollo's plaything.
τῷ σε μὴ λαθέτω §5.24Κυράνας γλυκὺν ἀμφὶ κᾶπον Ἀφροδίτας ἀειδόμενον, §5.25παντὶ μὲν θεὸν αἴτιον ὑπερτιθέμεν· §5.26φιλεῖν δὲ Κάρρωτον ἔξοχʼ ἑταίρων· §5.27ὃς οὐ τὰν Ἐπιμαθέος ἄγων §5.28ὀψινόου θυγατέρα Πρόφασιν, Βαττιδᾶν §5.29ἀφίκετο δόμους θεμισκρεόντων· §5.30ἀλλʼ ἀρισθάρματον §5.31ὕδατι Κασταλίας ξενωθεὶς γέρας ἀμφέβαλε τεαῖσιν κόμαις, §5.32ἀκηράτοις ἁνίαις §5.33ποδαρκέων δωδεκάδρομον τέμενος.
Therefore, as you are sung around the sweet garden of Aphrodite in Cyrene, let it not escape you to place god as the cause over everything, and to love Carrhotus chief among companions; who did not bring Excuse, the late-thinking daughter of Epimetheus, to the palace of the descendants of Battus who rule with justice; but being hosted at the water of Castalia, he placed upon your hair the prize of the finest chariot, having run with undamaged reins, through the twelve-course sacred precinct with swift-footed horses.
§5.34κατέκλασε γὰρ ἐντέων σθένος οὐδέν· ἀλλὰ κρέμαται, §5.35ὁπόσα χεριαρᾶν §5.36τεκτόνων δαίδαλʼ ἄγων §5.37Κρισαῖον λόφον §5.38ἄμειψεν ἐν κοιλόπεδον νάπος §5.39θεοῦ· τό σφʼ ἔχει κυπαρίσσινον §5.40μέλαθρον ἀμφʼ ἀνδριάντι σχεδόν, §5.41Κρῆτες ὃν τοξοφόροι τέγεϊ Παρνασσίῳ §5.42καθέσσαντο μονόδροπον φυτόν.
For none of his harness's strength was broken; but there hang all the ornate works of skilled craftsmen which he brought, having crossed the Crisaean hill into the hollow valley of the god; which are held in the cypress chamber, close to the statue, which the bow-bearing Cretans dedicated under the Parnassian roof, carved from a single trunk.
§5.43ἑκόντι τοίνυν πρέπει §5.44νόῳ τὸν εὐεργέταν ὑπαντιάσαι.
Therefore, it is fitting to meet the benefactor with a willing mind.
§5.45Ἀλεξιβιάδα, σὲ δʼ ἠΰκομοι φλέγοντι Χάριτες.
Son of Alexibias, the lovely-haired Graces make you shine.
§5.46μακάριος, ὃς ἔχεις §5.47καὶ πεδὰ μέγαν κάματον §5.48λόγων φερτάτων §5.49μναμήϊʼ· ἐν τεσσαράκοντα γὰρ §5.50πετόντεσσιν ἁνιόχοις ὅλον §5.51δίφρον κομίξαις ἀταρβεῖ φρενί, §5.52ἦλθες ἤδη Λιβύας πεδίον ἐξ ἀγλαῶν §5.53ἀέθλων καὶ πατρωΐαν πόλιν.
Blessed are you, who have even after great toil the memorial of the noblest words; for among forty fallen charioteers, having brought back your chariot whole with an undaunted mind, you have now come to the plain of Libya from glorious games and to your ancestral city.
§5.54πόνων δʼ οὔ τις ἀπόκλαρός ἐστιν οὔτʼ ἔσεται· §5.55ὁ Βάττου δʼ ἕπεται παλαιὸς ὄλβος ἔμπαν τὰ καὶ τὰ νέμων, §5.56πύργος ἄστεος ὄμμα τε φαεννότατον §5.57ξένοισι.
But of labors no one is or will be without a share; yet the ancient prosperity of Battus follows, dispensing this and that, a tower of the city and a most brilliant eye to strangers.
κεῖνόν γε καὶ βαρύκομποι §5.58λέοντες περὶ δείματι φύγον, §5.59γλῶσσαν ἐπεί σφιν ἀπένεικεν ὑπερποντίαν· §5.60ὁ δʼ ἀρχαγέτας ἔδωκʼ Ἀπόλλων §5.61θῆρας αἰνῷ φόβῳ, §5.62ὄφρα μὴ ταμίᾳ Κυράνας ἀτελὴς γένοιτο μαντεύμασιν.
Him indeed even the deep-roaring lions fled in terror, when he let loose upon them his overseas tongue; and the founder Apollo gave the beasts to dreadful fear, so that his prophecies to the ruler of Cyrene might not remain unfulfilled.
§5.63ὃ καὶ βαρειᾶν νόσων §5.64ἀκέσματʼ ἄνδρεσσι καὶ γυναιξὶ νέμει, §5.65πόρεν τε κίθαριν, δίδωσί τε Μοῖσαν οἷς ἂν ἐθέλῃ, §5.66ἀπόλεμον ἀγαγὼν §5.67ἐς πραπίδας εὐνομίαν, §5.68μυχόν τʼ ἀμφέπει §5.69μαντήϊον· τῷ Λακεδαίμονι §5.70ἐν Ἄργει τε καὶ ζαθέᾳ Πύλῳ §5.71ἔνασσεν ἀλκ άε ντας Ἡρακλέος §5.72ἐκγόνους Αἰγιμιοῦ τε.
He who dispenses remedies for grievous diseases to men and women, and granted the cithara, and gives the Muse to whomsoever he wishes, bringing warless order into the mind, and guards the prophetic sanctuary; wherefore in Lacedaemon, in Argos and in holy Pylos, he settled the mighty descendants of Heracles and Aegimius.
τὸ δʼ ἐμὸν γαρύειν §5.73ἀπὸ Σπάρτας ἐπήρατον κλέος· §5.74ὅθεν γεγενναμένοι §5.75ἵκοντο Θήρανδε φῶτες Αἰγεΐδαι, §5.76ἐμοὶ πατέρες, οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ, ἀλλὰ μοῖρά τις ἄγεν·
And my task is to sing the lovely glory from Sparta, whence born, the Aegeidae came to Thera, my ancestors, not without the gods, but some destiny led them.
§5.77πολύθυτον ἔρανον §5.78ἔνθεν ἀναδεξάμενοι, §5.79Ἄπολλον, τεᾷ, §5.80Καρνήϊʼ, ἐν δαιτὶ σεβίζομεν §5.81Κυράνας ἀγακτιμέναν πόλιν· §5.82ἔχοντι τὰν χαλκοχάρμαι ξένοι §5.83Τρῶες Ἀντανορίδαι. σὺν Ἑλένᾳ γὰρ μόλον, §5.84καπνωθεῖσαν πάτραν ἐπεὶ ἴδον §5.85ἐν Ἄρει.
Having received from there the much-sacrificing banquet, O Apollo, in your feast, O Carneius, we honor the well-built city of Cyrene; which the bronze-delighting stranger Trojans, the descendants of Antenor, possess; for they came with Helen, after they saw their homeland smoked in war.
τὸ δʼ ἐλάσιππον ἔθνος ἐνδυκέως §5.86δέκονται θυσίαισιν ἄνδρες οἰχνέοντές σφε δωροφόροι, §5.87τοὺς Ἀριστοτέλης ἄγαγε, ναυσὶ θοαῖς §5.88ἁλὸς βαθεῖαν κέλευθον ἀνοίγων.
And that horse-driving race, gift-bearing men who approach them with sacrifices welcomed them graciously, whom Aristoteles led, opening the deep path of the sea with swift ships.
§5.89κτίσεν δʼ ἄλσεα μείζονα θεῶν, §5.90εὐθύτομόν τε κατέθηκεν Ἀπολλωνίαις §5.91ἀλεξιμβρότοις πεδιάδα πομπαῖς §5.92ἔμμεν ἱππόκροτον §5.93σκυρωτὰν ὁδόν, ἔνθα πρυμνοῖς ἀγορᾶς ἔπι δίχα κεῖται θανών.
And he founded greater groves for the gods, and for Apollo's human-protecting processions, he laid down on the plain the straight-cut, horse-resounding paved road, where he lies dead apart at the edge of the agora.
§5.94μάκαρ μὲν ἀνδρῶν μέτα §5.95ἔναιεν, ἥρως δʼ ἔπειτα λαοσεβής.
Blessed indeed he dwelt among men, and afterwards a hero revered by the people.
§5.96ἄτερθε δὲ πρὸ δωμάτων ἕτεροι λαχόντες Ἀΐδαν §5.97βασιλέες ἱεροὶ §5.98ἐντί, μεγάλαν δʼ ἀρετὰν §5.99δρόσῳ μαλθακᾷ §5.100ῥανθεῖσαν κώμων ὑπὸ χεύμασιν, §5.101ἀκούοντί που χθονίᾳ φρενί, §5.102σφὸν ὄλβον υἱῷ τε κοινὰν χάριν §5.103ἔνδικόν τʼ Ἀρκεσίλᾳ.
And apart before the palaces, other holy kings who have obtained Hades dwell; and they hear perhaps of their own great virtue, sprinkled with the gentle dew under the streams of revels, with their earthly mind, a common grace for themselves and for their son Arcesilas, which is just.
τὸν ἐν ἀοιδᾷ νέων §5.104πρέπει χρυς άο ρα Φοῖβον ἀπύειν, §5.105ἔχοντα Πυθωνόθεν §5.106τὸ καλλίνικον λυτήριον δαπανᾶν §5.107μέλος χαρίεν.
In the song of youths it is fitting to call upon Phoebus of the golden sword, since he has from Pytho the beautiful victorious song, a release from expenses.
ἄνδρα κεῖνον ἐπαινέοντι συνετοί.
Wise men praise that man.
§5.108λεγόμενον ἐρέω· §5.109κρέσσονα μὲν ἁλικίας §5.110νόον φέρβεται §5.111γλῶσσάν τε· θάρσος δὲ τανύπτερος §5.112ἐν ὄρνιξιν αἰετὸς ἔπλετο· §5.113ἀγωνίας δʼ, ἕρκος οἷον, σθένος· §5.114ἔν τε Μοίσαισι ποτανὸς ἀπὸ ματρὸς φίλας, §5.115πέφανταί θʼ ἁρματηλάτας σοφός· §5.116ὅσαι τʼ εἰσὶν ἐπιχωρίων καλῶν ἔσοδοι, §5.117τετόλμακε.
I will speak what is said: he nurtures a mind and a tongue beyond his years; and like the wide-winged eagle among birds is bold; and his strength in contest is like a bulwark; and among the Muses he is winged from his dear mother, and has been shown to be a wise charioteer; and into all ways of local noble deeds he has ventured.
θεός τέ οἱ τὸ νῦν τε πρόφρων τελεῖ δύνασιν,
And a god now and hereafter willingly fulfills his power.
§5.118καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ὁμοῖα, Κρονίδαι μάκαρες, §5.119διδοῖτʼ ἐπʼ ἔργοισιν ἀμφί τε βουλαῖς §5.120ἔχειν, μὴ φθινοπωρὶς ἀνέμων §5.121χειμερία κατὰ πνοὰ δαμαλίζοι χρόνον.
And for the future, may you, blessed sons of Cronus, grant him to hold similar things in deeds and in counsels, lest a wintry, late-autumn blast of winds destroy his time.
§5.122Διός τοι νόος μέγας κυβερνᾷ §5.123δαίμονʼ ἀνδρῶν φίλων.
Indeed, the great mind of Zeus guides the destiny of men he loves.
§5.124εὔχομαί νιν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τοῦτο §5.125δόμεν γέρας ἔπι Βάττου γένει.
I pray that he may grant this honor at Olympia to the race of Battus.

Notes

  1. 5.2ὅταν τις ἀρετᾷ κεκραμένον καθαρᾷ ... αὐτὸν ἀνάγῃ — The ὅταν clause with the subjunctive ἀνάγῃ (from ἀνάγω) expresses a general condition ('whenever...'). The accusative αὐτόν refers back to ὁ πλοῦτος (wealth), which is modified by the passive participle κεκραμένον.
  2. 5.23τῷ σε μὴ λαθέτω — The dative τῷ functions as a demonstrative pronoun ('therefore', 'for this reason'). The third-person singular aorist imperative μὴ λαθέτω takes the accusative σε ('you') and the present participle ἀειδόμενον ('being sung'), meaning 'let it not escape you that...'.
  3. 5.55τὰ καὶ τὰ — The duplicated pronominal expression τὰ καὶ τὰ ('this and that') is an idiomatic phrase referring to 'both good and bad things' or 'various fortunes' dispensed by fate or prosperity.
  4. 5.72τὸ δʼ ἐμὸν γαρύειν — The infinitive γαρύειν is used as an absolute infinitive or a subject-like substantivized infinitive, expressing a sense of duty or task: 'but my part is to sing...'.
  5. 5.101ἀκούοντί που χθονίᾳ φρενί — The dative participle ἀκούοντι, though singular, refers collectively to the deceased kings mentioned before (ἕτεροι βασιλέες). It expresses the poetic belief that they, with their subterranean minds (χθονίᾳ φρενί), 'hear perhaps' the praises sung on earth.

Cite this passage

Pindar, Pythian Odes §5.1-5.125. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0033.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:5.1-5.125

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