§7.1παντὶ μὲν οὖν προσήκει ἄρχοντι φρονίμῳ εἶναι· πολὺ μέντοι τὸν Ἀθηναίων ἵππαρχον διαφέρειν δεῖ καὶ τῷ τοὺς θεοὺς θεραπεύειν καὶ τῷ πολεμικὸν εἶναι, ᾧ γε ὑπάρχουσι μὲν ὅμοροι ἀντίπαλοι ἱππεῖς τε παραπλήσιοι τὸ πλῆθος καὶ ὁπλῖται πολλοί.
It is proper for every ruler to be prudent; however, the Athenian cavalry commander must excel far more both in honoring the gods and in being warlike, since he has neighboring rivals, cavalry nearly equal in number and many hoplites.
§7.2κἂν μὲν εἰς τὴν πολεμίαν ἐμβάλλειν ἐπιχειρῇ ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης πόλεως, πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους τούτους μόνοις ἂν τοῖς ἱππεῦσι διακινδυνεύοι.
And if he should attempt to invade the enemy's country without the rest of the city, he would have to run risks with only his cavalry against both of these.
ἢν δʼ οἱ πολέμιοι εἰς τὴν Ἀθηναίων χώραν ἐμβάλωσι, πρῶτον μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἄλλως ἔλθοιεν εἰ μὴ σὺν ἄλλοις τε ἱππεῦσι πρὸς τοῖς ἑαυτῶν καὶ πρὸς τούτοις ὁπλίταις ὁπόσοις ἂν οἴωνται πάντας Ἀθηναίους μὴ ἱκανοὺς εἶναι μάχεσθαι.
On the other hand, if the enemy should invade the Athenian territory, first of all they would not come otherwise than with other cavalry in addition to their own, and besides these, with as many hoplites as they think all the Athenians would not be sufficient to fight against.
§7.3πρὸς οὖν τοσούτους πολεμίους ἢν μὲν ἡ πόλις πᾶσα ἐπεξίῃ ἀρήξουσα τῇ χώρᾳ, ἐλπίδες καλαί.
Against so many enemies, therefore, if the whole city goes out to defend the territory, there are fair hopes.
ἱππεῖς τε γὰρ σὺν θεῷ ἀμείνους, ἤν τις αὐτῶν ἐπιμελῆται ὡς δεῖ, ὁπλῖταί τε οὐ μείους ἔσονται καὶ τὰ σώματα τοίνυν οὐ χείρω ἔχοντες καὶ τὰς ψυχὰς φιλοτιμότεροι, ἢν ὀρθῶς ἀσκηθῶσι σὺν θεῷ.
For the cavalry, with god's help, are better, if one cares for them as is necessary, and the hoplites will not be fewer, and indeed they have bodies no worse and are more ambitious in their souls, if they are correctly trained with god's help.
καὶ μὴν ἐπί γε τοῖς προγόνοις οὐ μεῖον Ἀθηναῖοι ἢ Βοιωτοὶ φρονοῦσιν.
Furthermore, in the pride of their ancestors, Athenians do not think less of themselves than Boeotians do.
§7.4ἢν δὲ ἡ μὲν πόλις τρέπηται ἐπὶ τὰ ναυτικὰ καὶ ἀρκῇ αὐτῇ τὰ τείχη διασῴζειν, ὥσπερ καὶ ὁπότε Λακεδαιμόνιοι σὺν ἅπασι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐνέβαλον, τοὺς δὲ ἱππέας ἀξιώσῃ τά τε ἐκτὸς τοῦ τείχους διασῴζειν καὶ αὐτοὺς μόνους διακινδυνεύειν πρὸς πάντας τοὺς ἐναντίους, ἐνταῦθα δὴ θεῶν μὲν οἶμαι πρῶτον συμμάχων ἰσχυρῶν δεῖ, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τὸν ἵππαρχον προσήκει ἀποτετελεσμένον ἄνδρα εἶναι.
But if the city turns to naval matters and is satisfied with preserving its walls, just as when the Lacedaemonians with all the Greeks invaded, and expects the cavalry to preserve the things outside the wall and to run risks by themselves alone against all the opponents, then indeed, I think first of all there is need of the gods as powerful allies, and secondly it is proper that the cavalry commander be a perfect man.
καὶ γὰρ φρονήσεως δεῖ πολλῆς πρὸς τοὺς πολὺ πλείους καὶ τόλμης, ὁπότε καιρὸς παραπέσοι·
For there is need of much prudence against those who are far more numerous, and of daring, whenever opportunity presents itself.
§7.5δεῖ δέ, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, καὶ αὐτὸν προνοεῖν ἱκανὸν εἶναι.
And it is necessary, as it seems to me, that he himself also be capable of foreseeing.
πρὸς μὲν γὰρ τὸ παρὸν στράτευμα διακινδυνεύων, ᾧ μηδὲ ὅλη ἡ πόλις θέλοι ἀντικαθίστασθαι, δῆλον ὅτι πάσχοι ἂν ὅ τι οἱ κρείττους βούλοιντο, ποιεῖν δὲ οὐδὲν ἂν ἱκανὸς εἴη,
For if he runs risks against the present army, which not even the whole city would wish to oppose, it is clear that he would suffer whatever the stronger might wish, and he would be capable of doing nothing.
§7.6εἰ δὲ φυλάττοι μὲν τὰ ἔξω τείχους τοσούτοις ὅσοι σκοπεύειν τε τοὺς πολεμίους ἱκανοὶ ἔσονται καὶ ἀναχωρίζειν εἰς τὸ ἀσφαλὲς τὰ δεόμενα ὡς ἐκ πλείστου— ἱκανοὶ δὲ καὶ προορᾶν οὐδὲν ἧττον οἱ ὀλίγοι τῶν πολλῶν, καὶ φυλάττειν τοίνυν καὶ ἀναχωρίζειν τὰ φίλια οὐκ ἀκαιρότεροι οἱ μήτε αὑτοῖς μήτε τοῖς ἵπποις πιστεύοντες· §7.7ὁ γὰρ φόβος δεινὸς δοκεῖ συμφύλαξ εἶναι—τοὺς μὲν οὖν φύλακας ἐκ τούτων ἄν τις ποιῶν ἴσως ὀρθῶς βουλεύοιτο·
But if he should guard the things outside the wall with as many men as will be sufficient to keep watch on the enemy and to withdraw what is necessary to safety from as far off as possible—and the few are no less capable than the many of seeing ahead, and indeed those who trust neither themselves nor their horses are no less suitable for guarding and withdrawing friendly property; for fear seems to be a powerful fellow-guardian—if, then, one should make the guards from these, he would perhaps plan rightly.
τοὺς δὲ περιττοὺς τῆς φυλακῆς εἰ μέν τις στρατιὰν ἔχειν ἡγήσεται, ὀλίγη αὐτῷ φανεῖται· τοῦ παντὸς γὰρ ἐνδεήσεται ὥστε ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς διακινδυνεύειν·
But as for those who are surplus to the guard duty, if one thinks he has an army, it will appear small to him; for it will fall altogether short of being able to run risks openly.
ἢν δὲ ὡς λῃσταῖς αὐτοῖς χρῆται, πάνυ ἂν ὡς τὸ εἰκὸς ἱκανὴν τοῦτο πράττειν ἔχοι δύναμιν.
But if he uses them as raiders, they would likely have quite sufficient power to perform this.
§7.8δεῖ δέ, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, τούτους παρεσκευασμένους ἀεὶ ἔχοντα ὡς ποιεῖν τι μὴ καταφανῆ ὄντα φυλάττειν, ἤν τι ἁμαρτάνῃ τὸ τῶν πολεμίων στράτευμα.
And it is necessary, as it seems to me, to keep these men always prepared so that, remaining unseen, they may watch to achieve something, if the enemy's army should commit any error.
§7.9φιλοῦσι δέ πως στρατιῶται, ὅσῳ ἂν πλείους ὦσι, τοσούτῳ πλείω ἁμαρτάνειν.
And soldiers are somehow accustomed, the more numerous they are, to make so many more errors.
ἢ γὰρ ἐπὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐπιμελείᾳ σκεδάννυνται ἢ πορευομένων ἀταξίᾳ οἱ μὲν προέρχονται, οἱ δʼ ὑπολείπονται πλέον τοῦ καιροῦ.
For they either scatter in search of provisions, or through lack of discipline during march, some go too far ahead, while others lag behind more than is proper.
§7.10τὰ οὖν τοιαῦτα ἁμαρτήματα οὐ χρὴ παριέναι ἀκόλαστα (εἰ δὲ μή, ὅλη ἡ χώρα στρατόπεδον ἔσται) ἐκεῖνο καλῶς προνοοῦντα, καὶ ποιήσαντά τι φθάσαι ἀποχωρήσαντα πρὶν τὸ πολὺ βοηθοῦν ἐπιγενέσθαι.
Therefore, one must not let such errors go unpunished (otherwise, the whole territory will become an enemy camp), keeping this well in mind, and having achieved something, one must succeed in retreating before the main body of the relieving force arrives.
§7.11πολλάκις δὲ πορευόμενον στράτευμα καὶ εἰς ὁδοὺς ἔρχεται ἐν αἷς οὐδὲν πλέον οἱ πολλοὶ τῶν ὀλίγων δύνανται.
And often a marching army also comes into roads in which the many are capable of nothing more than the few.
καὶ ἐν διαβάσεσί γε ἔστι τῷ προσέχοντι τὸν νοῦν ἀσφαλῶς ἐφεπομένῳ ταμιεύσασθαι ὥστε ὁπόσοις ἂν βούληται τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιτίθεσθαι.
And at crossings, indeed, it is possible for one who pays attention, by following safely, to regulate matters so as to attack as many of the enemy as he wishes.
§7.12ἔστι δʼ ὅτε καλὸν καὶ στρατοπεδευομένοις καὶ ἀριστῶσι καὶ δειπνοποιουμένοις ἐπιχειρεῖν, καὶ ἐκ κοίτης γε ἀνισταμένοις.
And sometimes it is excellent to attack them both when they are encamping, and taking their midday meal, and preparing dinner, and indeed when they are rising from bed.
ἐν πᾶσι γὰρ τούτοις ἄοπλοι στρατιῶται γίγνονται, μείονα μὲν χρόνον οἱ ὁπλῖται, πλείονα δὲ οἱ ἱππεῖς.
For in all these circumstances, soldiers are unarmed—the hoplites for a shorter time, but the cavalry for a longer time.
§7.13σκοποῖς μέντοι καὶ προφυλακαῖς οὐδέποτε δεῖ παύεσθαι ἐπιβουλεύοντα.
However, one must never cease plotting against lookouts and advance guards.
οὗτοι γὰρ αὖ ὀλίγοι μὲν ἀεὶ καθίστανται, πολὺ δὲ τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ ἐνίοτε ἀποστατοῦσιν.
For these, again, are always stationed in small numbers, and sometimes they stand far apart from their strong force.
§7.14ὅταν δὲ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἤδη καλῶς φυλάττωνται οἱ πολέμιοι, καλόν ἐστι σὺν θεῷ λαθόντα ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὴν πολεμίαν μεμελετηκότα ὡς πόσοι τε ἑκασταχοῦ καὶ ποῦ τῆς χώρας προφυλάττουσιν.
And whenever the enemy already guard against such things well, it is excellent, with god's help, to enter the enemy's country unseen, having studied how many are on guard duty in each place and where in the country they are.
οὐδεμία γὰρ οὕτω καλὴ λεία ὡς αἱ φυλακαί, ἢν κρατηθῶσι.
For there is no booty so fine as guards, if they are overcome.
§7.15καὶ εὐεξαπάτητοι δʼ εἰσὶν οἱ φύλακες· διώκουσι γὰρ ὅ τι ἂν ὀλίγον ἴδωσι, νομίζοντες σφίσι τοῦτο προστετάχθαι.
And the guards are also easily deceived; for they pursue whatever small force they see, thinking that this has been commanded of them.
τὰς μέντοι ἀποχωρήσεις σκοπεῖν δεῖ ὅπως μὴ ἐναντίαι τοῖς βοηθοῦσιν ἔσονται.
However, one must consider the lines of retreat, so that they may not be in the opposite direction to those who are coming to relieve them.