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Herodotus · Histories §8.50.1-8.50.2

Persian Invasion of Attica and the Destruction of Athens

Passage 1352 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

While the Peloponnesian generals are holding a council, news arrives that the Persian army has invaded Attica. The force led by Xerxes, having burned Thespiae and Plataea for refusing to submit to the Persians, has reached Athens and laid it waste.

§8.50.1ταῦτα τῶν ἀπὸ Πελοποννήσου στρατηγῶν ἐπιλεγομένων, ἐληλύθεε ἀνὴρ Ἀθηναῖος ἀγγέλλων ἥκειν τὸν βάρβαρον ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν καὶ πᾶσαν αὐτὴν πυρπολέεσθαι.
While the generals from the Peloponnese were discussing these matters, an Athenian man arrived, bringing news that the barbarian had come into Attica and that all of it was being laid waste by fire.
§8.50.2ὁ γὰρ διὰ Βοιωτῶν τραπόμενος στρατὸς ἅμα Ξέρξῃ, ἐμπρήσας Θεσπιέων τὴν πόλιν, αὐτῶν ἐκλελοιπότων ἐς Πελοπόννησον, καὶ τὴν Πλαταιέων ὡσαύτως, ἧκέ τε ἐς τὰς Ἀθήνας καὶ πάντα ἐκεῖνα ἐδηίου.
For the army that had marched through Boeotia together with Xerxes, after burning the city of the Thespians, who had themselves abandoned it and fled to the Peloponnese, and likewise that of the Plataeans, had arrived at Athens and was ravaging all that region.
ἐνέπρησε δὲ Θέσπειάν τε καὶ Πλάταιαν πυθόμενος Θηβαίων ὅτι οὐκ ἐμήδιζον.
He burned both Thespiae and Plataea because he had learned from the Thebans that they did not side with the Medes.

Notes

  1. 8.50.1ἐπιλεγομένων — Present middle participle of ἐπιλέγομαι in a genitive absolute. Connecting with ἐπιλέγοντες in §8.49.2, it is used here in the sense of 'considering' or 'discussing' those arguments.
  2. 8.50.1ἥκειν τὸν βάρβαρον ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν καὶ πᾶσαν αὐτὴν πυρπολέεσθαι — Accusative with infinitive construction in indirect discourse introduced by the participle ἀγγέλλων. While ἥκειν (present active infinitive) has a perfective force ('has arrived and is present'), πυρπολέεσθαι is a present passive infinitive, denoting an ongoing process of destruction by fire.
  3. 8.50.2αὐτῶν ἐκλελοιπότων ἐς Πελοπόννησον — Genitive absolute construction. The genitive pronoun αὐτῶν refers to the preceding Θεσπιέων (Thespians), providing circumstantial background that the inhabitants themselves had already abandoned the city and fled.
  4. 8.50.2πυθόμενος Θηβαίων ὅτι οὐκ ἐμήδιζον — The participle πυθόμενος (from πυνθάνομαι) takes the source of information in the genitive (Θηβαίων) and the content of the information in the ὅτι-clause. The subject of ἐμήδιζον refers to the people of Thespiae and Plataea.

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §8.50.1-8.50.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.50.1-8.50.2

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